Several toxigenic cyanobacteria produce the cyanotoxin (microcystin). Being a health and environmental hazard, screening of water sources for the presence of microcystin is increasingly becoming a recommended environmental procedure in many countries of the world. This study was conducted to assess the ability of freshwater cyanobacterial species Westiellopsis prolifica to produce microcystins in Iraqi freshwaters via using molecular and immunological tools. The toxigenicity of W. prolifica was compared via laboratory experiments with other dominant bloom-forming cyanobacteria isolated from the Tigris River: Microcystis aeruginosa, Chroococcus turigidus, Nostoc carneum, and Lyngbya sp. signifi

 Water is an essential aspect of life and important in evolution. Recently the potable water quality topic has received much attention. The study aims to determine drinking water quality in Al-Najaf City by collecting samples throughout Al-Najaf city and comparing the results with the Iraqi guidelines (IQS 417) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, as well as to calculate the WQI. Samples were tested in the laboratory between December 2021 and June 2022. The results showed that multiple parameters exceeded the allowable limits during both testing periods; during winter months, the results of TDS and turbidity exceeded the upper limits in multiple locations. Total hardness values also

The logistic regression model is an important statistical model showing the relationship between the binary variable and the explanatory variables.                                                        The large number of explanations that are usually used to illustrate the response led to the emergence of the problem of linear multiplicity between the explanatory variables that make estimating the parameters of the model not accurate.    

Background: Tap waters play an important role in fulfilling the people needs for drinking and domestic purposes. Contaminate the tap water with different pollutants has become an issue of great concern for 90% of people who are depended on the tap water as the main source of drinking. Pollutants can make their way easily into the delivering pipes which suffer from the leaking resulting in decreasing the quality of water. Objective: Therefore, assess the water quality for drinking purpose by calculating the water quality index is an important tool to ascertain whether the water is suitable for human consumption or not. Methods: In the present work, the water quality of the Al-Salam, western region of Baghdad city, Iraq was investigated for 7

Background: Breast lump is one of the most common prevalent complaint of patients attending breast clinics.

Objective: To determine if there is any change in the pattern of common breast, diseases presenting as breast lumps between pregnant and non-pregnant women among patients attending Al-Elwiya Breast Clinic.

Methods: This is a cross – sectional study, with convent's patient sampling setting in AL-Elwiya Breast Cancer Early Detection Clinic from 1^st Feb. to 1^st May 2018, we collected data from patients with breast lumps including the age groups, pregnancy status, parity status, previous breast diseases, hormonal drugs, menstrual cycle, breast fe

Multilevel models are among the most important models widely used in the application and analysis of data that are characterized by the fact that observations take a hierarchical form, In our research we examined the multilevel logistic regression model (intercept random and slope random model) , here the importance of the research highlights that the usual regression models calculate the total variance of the model and its inability to read variance and variations between levels ,however in the case of multi-level regression models, the calculation of  the total variance is inaccurate and therefore these models calculate the variations for each level of the model, Where the research aims to estimate the parameters of this m

In this paper we estimate the coefficients and scale parameter in linear regression model depending on the residuals are of type 1 of extreme  value distribution for the largest values . This can be regard as an improvement for the studies with the smallest values . We study two estimation methods ( OLS  & MLE ) where we resort to Newton – Raphson (NR) and Fisher Scoring methods to get MLE estimate because the difficulty of using the usual approach with MLE . The relative efficiency criterion is considered beside to the statistical inference procedures for the extreme value regression model of type 1 for largest values . Confidence interval , hypothesis testing for both scale parameter and regression coefficients

The purpose behind building the linear regression model is to describe the real linear relation between any explanatory variable in the model and the dependent one, on the basis of the fact that the dependent variable is a linear function of the explanatory variables and one can use it for prediction and control. This purpose does not cometrue without getting significant, stable and reasonable estimatros for the parameters of the model, specifically regression-coefficients. The researcher found that "RUF" the criterian that he had suggested accurate and sufficient to accomplish that purpose when multicollinearity exists provided that the adequate model that satisfies the standard assumpitions of the error-term can be assigned. It

A method for Approximated evaluation of linear functional differential equations is described. where a function approximation as a linear combination of a set of orthogonal basis functions which are chebyshev functions .The coefficients of the approximation are determined by (least square and Galerkin’s) methods. The property of chebyshev polynomials leads to good results , which are demonstrated with examples.

Abstract :

The study aims at building a mathematical model for the aggregate production planning for Baghdad soft drinks company. The study is based on a set of aggregate planning strategies (Control of working hours, storage level control strategy) for the purpose of exploiting the resources and productive capacities available in an optimal manner and minimizing production costs by using (Matlab) program. The most important finding of the research is the importance of exploiting during the available time of production capacity. In the months when the demand is less than the production capacity available for investment. In the subsequent months when the demand exceeds the available energy and to minimize the use of overti