Many objective optimizations (MaOO) algorithms that intends to solve problems with many objectives (MaOP) (i.e., the problem with more than three objectives) are widely used in various areas such as industrial manufacturing, transportation, sustainability, and even in the medical sector.  Various approaches of MaOO algorithms are available and employed to handle different MaOP cases. In contrast, the performance of the MaOO algorithms assesses based on the balance between the convergence and diversity of the non-dominated solutions measured using different evaluation criteria of the quality performance indicators. Although many evaluation criteria are available, yet most of the evaluation and benchmarking of the MaOO with state-of-art a

High frequency (HF) communications have an important role in long distances wireless communications. This frequency band is more important than VHF and UHF, as HF frequencies can cut longer distance with a single hopping. It has a low operation cost because it offers over-the-horizon communications without repeaters, therefore it can be used as a backup for satellite communications in emergency conditions. One of the main problems in HF communications is the prediction of the propagation direction and the frequency of optimum transmission (FOT) that must be used at a certain time. This paper introduces a new technique based on Oblique Ionosonde Station (OIS) to overcome this problem with a low cost and an easier way. This technique uses the

This study presents the multi criteria single-machine model. The machine scheduling problem (MSP) for ntasks on a single machine involves minimizing a function of three criteria: total completion time (C_j),maximum earliest (E_max), and tardiness (〖ΣT〗_j), This is an NP-hard issue. Within this work's theoretical section, we present the mathematical formulation of The presented topic thenhighlights the usefulness of the dominance rule (DR), which may be used to develop effective solutions. Whilein the practical part, one of the important exact methods; The proposed MSP tricriteria are solved by applyingthe Branch and Bound (BAB) method, which finds a set of efficient solutions for 1//F(ΣC_j ,ΣT_j ,E_max) upto n=100 jobs. The BAB appro

The research amid to measure the extent of the Suggested procedures of the internal control in accordance with the updated COSO framework in improving the procedures for internal control work in Iraqi oil companies. As the research problem was represented in suggesting procedures for internal control according to the updated COSO framework and finding out the relationship of correlation and influence between the suggested procedures and the internal control procedures that are done in the Iraqi oil companies. The research followed the quantitative approach to handling and analysing data by designing a Questionnaire to represent the research tool for collecting data. The study population was represented in the Iraqi oil companies,

The study aimed to evaluate injuries and economic losses which caused by rose beetle Maladerainsanabilis (Brenske) on ornamental and fruit plants as introduced insect in Iraq during 2015 and determine infested host plants in addition to evaluate efficacy of pathogenic fungi Metarhiziumanisopiliae (1x10⁹ spore/ ml) and Beauvariabassiana (1x10⁸spore/ ml) in mortality of insect larvae in laboratory and field.The results showed that the insect was polyphagous infested many host plants (20 host plant)Which caused degradation and dead the plants through adult feeding on leaves and flower but large injury caused by larvae feeding on root plants which caused obligate dead to infested plant, the percentage mortality of rose plants 68.6%, pear

Background: The strategy for eliminating measles from Iraq includes conducting mass immunization campaign against measles, within the framework of the national strategic plan for the elimination of this disease. Awareness about this campaign is fundamental for their success.Objective: The study aims at finding out the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding vaccination against measles among two groups of students in two different colleges ( medical and engineering) .To report uptake of Measles vaccine and reasons for declining the vaccine among medical and non-medical students in the campaignMethod: Across sectional study has been conducted at Al-Kindy College of Medicine/ Baghdad University and University of Technology for the peri

Objective: determine the effectiveness of an education program on youth's level of awareness towards
household waste control.
Methodology: A Quazi-experimental study was conducted. Non-probability (quota sample) of (80) young
persons is selected from Baghdad Governorate. They are divided into two equal groups of (40) subjects for the
study group which is exposed to the household waste control educational program. The remaining is the
control group which is not exposed to the educational program.
Results: The findings of the study indicated that youth of the study group have got benefits from the
implementation of the educational program towards household waste control and change has occurred to
their awareness tow

This paper aims to make a historical review of jet grouting techniques and encountered problems at different sites in several countries.  This review is a good guide to understanding the performance and limitations of improved soils or lands. The basic concept of jet grouting technology is to use cement as a binder to accelerate the hardening process of an admixture of material grout and soil. The different case history was conducted in both sand soil and clay soil in the horizontal and vertical direction. Other papers on field construction showed that the grout can be gelled within 5-10 minutes. Due to different cases and studies, these will help improve soil by supporting the foundation load with a minimal settlement.

Linear programming currently occupies a prominent position in various fields and has wide applications, as its importance lies in being a means of studying the behavior of a large number of systems as well. It is also the simplest and easiest type of models that can be created to address industrial, commercial, military and other dilemmas. Through which to obtain the optimal quantitative value. In this research, we dealt with the post optimality solution, or what is known as sensitivity analysis, using the principle of shadow prices. The scientific solution to any problem is not a complete solution once the optimal solution is reached. Any change in the values of the model constants or what is known as the inputs of the model that will chan