An experimental investigation of natural convection heat transfer from an isothermal horizontal,vertical and inclined heated square flat plates with and without circular hole, were carried out in two cases, perforated plates without an impermeable adiabatic hole "open core" and perforated plates with an impermeable adiabatic hole "closed core" by adiabatic plug. The experiments covered the laminar region with a range of Rayleih number of (1.11x106 ≤RaLo≤4.39x106 ), at Prandtle number (Pr=0.7). Practical experiments have been done with variable inclination angles from horizon (Ф=0o ,45o,90o,135oand 180o),facing upward (0o≤Ф<90o), and downward (90o
≤Ф<180o). The results showed that the temperature gradient increases while the thermal boundary layer thickness decreases when Grashof number and perforation ratio (m) increase . The temperature gradient for inclined position facing upward is less than facing downward,while the thermal boundary layer thickness is greater. The temperature gradient decreases while the thermal boundary layer thickness increases for perforated plates with an adiabatic core as compared with perforated plates without an adiabatic core. The value of average Nusselt number increases with increasing perforation ratio, and Grashof number for all specimens with and without an adiabatic core, also increases by increase in inclination of plates approaching the higher value at vertical position (Ф=90o
), then decreases with increasing inclination of plates till horizontal position (Ф=180o). The average Nusselt number values for perforated plates with an adiabatic core are lower than for perforated plates without an adiabatic core for all perforation ratios. Maximum heat transfer rate occurs at perforated plate with perforation ratio of (m=0.1) without adiabatic core for vertical position (Ф=90o), at a range of Grashof number (1.576x106≤GrLo≤6.292x106 ), while the rate of heat transfer decreases with increasing perforation ratio for plates with and without adiabatic core for decrease in heat transfer rate area. The rate of heat transfer for
perforated plates with circular hole is more than for perforated plates with square hole at the same perforation ratios (m=0.1,0.16,0.24 and 0.36). It found that the lack of core flow decreases the overall heat transfer rate by (6.477%) . There was a good agreement for the experimental present work results compared with other pervious results .
The aim of this research is to study some types of fibrewise fuzzy topological spaces. The six major goals are explored in this thesis. The very first goal, introduce and study the notions types of fibrewise topological spaces, namely fibrewise fuzzy j-topological spaces, Also, we introduce the concepts of fibrewise j-closed fuzzy topological spaces, fibrewise j-open fuzzy topological spaces, fibrewise locally sliceable fuzzy j-topological spaces and fibrewise locally sectionable fuzzy j-topological spaces. Furthermore, we state and prove several Theorems concerning these concepts, where j={δ,θ,α,p,s,b,β} The second goal is to introduce weak and strong forms of fibrewise fuzzy ω-topological spaces, namely the fibrewise fuz
... Show MoreExploration activities of the oil and gas industry generate loads of formation water called produced water (PW) up to thousands of tons each day. Depending on the geographic area, formation depth, oil production techniques, and age of oil supply wells, PW from different oil fields contain different chemical compositions. Currently, PW is also known as industrial waste water containing heavy metals that are toxic to humans and the environment, requiring special processing so that they can be disposed of in the environment. To determine the heavy metals content in PW from the Al-Ahdab oil field (AOF), the Ministry of Science and Technology/Agricultural Research Department determined som
In this work we define and study new concept of fibrewise topological spaces, namely fibrewise soft topological spaces, Also, we introduce the concepts of fibrewise closed soft topological spaces, fibrewise open soft topological spaces, fibrewise soft near compact spaces and fibrewise locally soft near compact spaces.
In this paper, we introduce and study new classes of soft open sets in soft bitopological spaces called soft (1,2)*-omega open sets and weak forms of soft (1,2)*-omega open sets such as soft (1,2)*-α-ω-open sets, soft (1,2)*-pre-ω-opensets, soft (1,2)*-b-ω-open sets, and soft (1,2)*-β-ω-open sets. Moreover; some basic properties and the relation among these concepts and other concepts also have been studied.
Background: Schneiderian first rank symptoms are
considered highly valuable in the diagnosis of
schneideria.
They are more evident in the acute phase of the
disorder and fading gradually with time. Many studies
have shown that the rate of these symptoms are
variable in different countries and are colored by
cultural beliefs and values.
Objectives: To find out the rate of Schneiderian first
rank symptoms among newly diagnosed schizophrenic
patients, to assess which symptom(s) might
predominate in those patients, and to find out if there
is/are any correlation(s) between the occurrence of
these symptoms and the sex of the patients.
Methods: Out of twenty-four patients with no past
psychiatric hi
Translation as a human endeavor has occupied the attention of nations since it bridges the gab between cultures and helps in bringing out national integration. The translation of Kurdish literature started with personal efforts in which newspapers and magazines had played a vital role in supporting translation and paved the way for promoting the publication of Kurdish products.
The bulk of the materials translated from Arabic exceeds that translated from other languages owing to the influence of religious and authoritarian factors.
The survey of the Kurdish journals was limited to the period 1898-1991 since it marked a radical and historic change represented by the birth of Kurdish journalis
... Show MoreThe main idea of this research is to study fibrewise pairwise soft forms of the more important separation axioms of ordinary bitopology named fibrewise pairwise soft
Die vorliegende Forschung handelt es um die Satzfelder, besonders das Mittelfeld des Satzes im deutschen und Arabischen. Diese Forschung wurde mit der Satzdefinition, Satzglieder begonnen, damit wir diese klar werden und dann werden die Felder des Satzes gut gekannt. Der erste Abschnitt schlieβt auch den Mittelfeld des Satzes und, wie man das Feld erkennen und bestimmen kann. Die Forschung untersucht auch. Ob es in der arabischen Sprache den selben Struktur wie im Deutschen gibt, z.B Bildung des Satzes sowie Satzfelder bezügllich das Mittelfeld.
Der zweite Abschnitt handelt sich um den arabischen Teil und behandelt die Wortarten im Arabischen sowie den Satz als auch Satzarten (Nominal- Verbal- Halbsatz).
Danach befinden
... Show More