Hygienic engineering has dedicated a lot of time and energy to studying water filtration because of how important it is to human health. Thorough familiarity with the filtration process is essential for the design engineer to keep up with and profit from advances in filtering technology and equipment as the properties of raw water continue to change. Because it removes sediment, chemicals, odors, and microbes, filtration is an integral part of the water purification process. The most popular technique for treating surface water for municipal water supply is considered fast sand filtration, which can be achieved using either gravity or pressure sand filters. Predicting the performance of units in water treatment plants is a basic principle. For that reason, this research was executed to compare gravity and pressure sand filters in terms of construction, use, efficiency, filtration rate, cost, benefit, and drawbacks to predict the performance of those units under different conditions and from an economic standpoint. It also served as a presentation and review of previous studies dealing with the evaluation and development of pressure and gravity filters. This paper gives a brief overview of filtration theory, the types and properties of filter media, filter backwashing, and operational problems that can be avoided in the filtration process.
Asthma and obesity are both a major public health problems affecting large numbers of individuals across the globe. Link between obesity and asthma is now considered as a recognized fact, and many epidemiological studies, found that overweight and obese people had a higher chance of developing asthma, with more severe symptoms. Assessment of the relationship between body mass index and asthma control. A cross-sectional study, that included 100 patients diagnosed with asthma, attending the respiratory disease consultatory unit at Baghdad teaching hospital. Body mass index was calculated by (BMI= weight in Kg/Height in m2), and Asthma control was assessed using asthma control test questionnaire forma. Statistical analysis done using, Test of
... Show MoreFacts and information contained showing in axes Find Egyptian Ottoman relations
(1863-1879), has gone through stages varying between tides, has witnessed the Khedive
Ismail three sultans Ottomans were Abdul Aziz Murad V, Abdul Hamid II, and since the
Khedive Ismail to judge sought to expand independence Egypt access to many privileges of
the sovereign on Egypt Ottoman Empire, in order to reach the country to independence, has
been chosen by the payment of money and gifts to gain independence, without resorting to
arms, and from this point of Khedive make a lot of money to get the privileges, the state of
the Ottoman were not to issue Farmans but against the huge amounts of money, and as a
result of that policy got
The typographic accomplishment is the most important means of cognitive communication and carries a message from the sender to the recipient which serves a certain objective functionally, economically and advertisingly.
The design of typographic accomplishment depends on two different techniques, the first is manual, which depends on the skill, training and individual achievement of the designer and his ability to design and produce typographic accomplishment with manual skill effects. The second one is the contemporary digitization which is represented by computers, programs and printers attached to them. The problem of the current resear
... Show MoreA mixture model is used to model data that come from more than one component. In recent years, it became an effective tool in drawing inferences about the complex data that we might come across in real life. Moreover, it can represent a tremendous confirmatory tool in classification observations based on similarities amongst them. In this paper, several mixture regression-based methods were conducted under the assumption that the data come from a finite number of components. A comparison of these methods has been made according to their results in estimating component parameters. Also, observation membership has been inferred and assessed for these methods. The results showed that the flexible mixture model outperformed the others
... Show MoreA mixture model is used to model data that come from more than one component. In recent years, it became an effective tool in drawing inferences about the complex data that we might come across in real life. Moreover, it can represent a tremendous confirmatory tool in classification observations based on similarities amongst them. In this paper, several mixture regression-based methods were conducted under the assumption that the data come from a finite number of components. A comparison of these methods has been made according to their results in estimating component parameters. Also, observation membership has been inferred and assessed for these methods. The results showed that the flexible mixture model outperformed the
... Show MoreDarcy-Weisbach (D-W) is a typical resistance equation in pressured flow; however, some academics and engineers prefer Hazen-Williams (H-W) for assessing water distribution networks. The main difference is that the (D-W) friction factor changes with the Reynolds number, while the (H-W) coefficient is a constant value for a certain material. This study uses WaterGEMS CONNECT Edition update 1 to find an empirical relation between the (H-W) and (H-W) equations for two 400 mm and 500 mm pipe systems. The hydraulic model was done, and two scenarios were applied by changing the (H-W) coefficient to show the difference in results of head loss. The results showed a strong relationship between both equations with correlation coefficients of 0.999,
... Show MoreHigher education is important because it creates and develops human capital and provides qualified human cadres, which requires restructuring government spending so that an increase in funding allocated to education is brought about. During the period 1990-2020, government spending was weak on educational institutions in Iraq, which led to a decline in The role of these institutions in the economic development of the country. The highest percentage of spending on higher education of GDP was 0.47% in 2007 and the lowest was 0.01% in 2005. The number of public universities reached 35, and the number of private universities and colleges reached 64 universities and private colleges in 2020. This was accompanied by an increase in the number of s
... Show MoreLength of plasma generated by dc gas discharge under different vacuum pressures was studied experimentally. The cylindrical discharge tube of length 2m was evacuated under vacuum pressure range (0.1-0.5) mbar at constant external working dc voltage 1500V. It was found that the plasma length (L) increased exponentially with increasing of background vacuum air pressure. Empirical equation has been obtained between plasma length and gas pressure by using Logistic model of curve fitting. As vacuum pressure increases the plasma length increases due to collisions, ionizations, and diffusions of electrons and ions.