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The Causes Influencing the Occurrence of Variation Orders in the Construction of Buildings
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In the construction of buildings usually, problems occur because of the causes of change orders. The main causer of change orders is the owners, consultants, and contractors. These changes lead to conflicts among them which result in influencing building projects. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the causes of change orders to reduce them and facilitate management. This paper determines the most critical factors that cause change orders from a different point of view, a consulting owner and a contractor, and a study of the reality of the management of change orders when constructing public buildings. The method employed in this research is a field survey using interviews with experts working in the construction of public buildings. Furthermore, the questionnaire was distributed manually and electronically.

In conclusion, it would appear that the causes of change orders have been hierarchically according to the viewpoint of the owner, contractor, and consultant. The analysis leads to the following conclusions: Agreement of viewpoints owners, contractors, and consultants on the critical causes of variation orders were: ( the difficult financial situation - change material specifications to benefit the project - technical necessity  - the nature of the site). Moreover, the point of view (owners and contractors) on the essential factors that cause change orders were: (preparing a bill of quantities is inaccurate - weak consultant guess ). In contrast, the consultant's point of view differs, as he considers these causes ineffective. It can be interpreted that the consultant sees these factors as insignificant because of his duty to implement the bill of quantities and designs. This research paper concludes that a complex causal relationship exists between the causes of change orders. The relative importance index (RII) for variation order causes varies among different groups' viewpoints (owners, contractors, and consultants).

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The contemporary vision of marketing And its impact in crystallizing the chances of success of the new product
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The current research aims at identifying the new marketing directions that in the picture because if the changes and challenges that face the business nowadays, these effect on the future of the new product.

The problem of the research concentrate on the new marketing activities and how to make it appropriate between the product and the market's need, and to fulfill the needs and desire of the customer and it's importance for achieving the economical goals of the organization for a long relationship with the customer.

The resume of the research is about the impact of nowadays marketing and it's effect on knowing the customer instead of concentrating on the important roll of mark

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 04 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Test the Efficiency of some Plants in the Tolerant of Air Pollution within the City of Baghdad. Iraq
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This study was designed to monitor the ambient air pollution in several sites within Baghdad City of Iraq. The readings started from May 2016 to April 2017. The highest concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO2) was 2.28 ppmm-3 while nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was 3.68 ppmm-3 and suspended particulate matter was 585.1 ?gm-3. This study also included estimating the value of the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) for four plant's species Olea europaea L., Ziziphus spina-Christi (L.) Desf, Albizia lebbeck(L.) Benth. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. Were cultivated on the road sides. The study includes four biochemical parameters, total chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid content, pH and relative water content of plant leaves. The results show that

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
The authority of identification and alienation of existence in the theater of the oppressed: عبلة عباس خضير التميمي
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This research is represented by exploring the experience of "the theater of the oppressed" by (Augusto Boal) as an experiment that represents a different aesthetic pattern in the presentation of theatrical performance which is in contrast with the Aristotelian and Brechtian patterns, and as a result of the increasing problems of the individual in societies according to his needs and an attempt to express the suffering of human and the loss of his rights in general.
The research also tries to uncover the power of identification and the alienation of existence in the theater of the oppressed as that power, with its diversity of legal, legitimate, religious, political, economic and social capabilities has become a burden instead of being

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Sources and Effects of Risks of Forms of Islamic Financing in the Islamic Branches of the Commercial Bank
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Proved Islamic banks in many countries where they are present, whether Muslim or non-Muslim in the wake of the global financial crisis, it is more efficient, profitable, and stable compared with the conventional banks, so went many of the worlds towards providing Islamic banking through Islamic windows to Besides financial services and products offered by the traditional, or the initiative to enter formulas Islamic finance is fully compliant with the principles and rules of Islamic law and is Brokerage basic function of conventional banks and Islamic alike ) and that means working on the mobilization of savings from surplus units and directed towards the financial units of the fiscal deficit) , which operates commercial banks

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Improving performance of the heads of academic departments at the University of Wasit in light of the administrative functions
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            A field study aimed to improve  administrative performance of the Heads of Departments in Wasit University in light of the administrative functions, a questionnaire constructed was c of 38 items, as have been applied during the academic year 2014/2015 to a group of experts from the deans and assistants, professors and heads of departments using the Delphi method by two rounds the adoption rate of 90% and an agreement was numbered 30 experts and study reached important results have been analyzed and discussed according to fields of study, a planning, organization and direction.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Acoustic significance of the comma in the Qur'an Al-Jinn
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Interval lies at rest in the speech; so as to improve to speak out, which is how Evaln Koran by other speech, called separators; for the secession of Alkalaman then, as the last verse separation between it and its aftermath in the Al-Jinn had a comma significant impact on the statement of the case of gin, as portrayed interval Gin and like the distraught after hearing of the Koran
This Sura carried various types of repetition represent wordy repeat itself and repeat some of the votes as well as the repeated sound of a thousand who remained in Sura breaks Bhaa also repeat the voice of the shredder breaks
Linguistic sounds of Koranic breaks played a significant role in a statement carried by the linguistic meaning of these interludes

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Visual Appeal and Reflection in the Design of the Advertising
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Advertising is an important and influential tool in various commercial operations, as it represents a means of communication that depends on influencing individuals or society as a whole, working on a link between the producer and the consumer, so the importance of advertising appears in two dimensions, the first is economic represented in its role in achieving economic growth for the facility, while the social dimension lies in its role By influencing the behaviors and ideas of individuals, and from here it appears to us the importance of formulating, organizing and designing the advertising message that advertising agencies resort to in their advertising campaigns. Orientation, definition, and raising the level of the advertising messa

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 11 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The effects of stubbornness is understood in the Holy Qur’an
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Stubbornness is of the nature of the mean, we do not see it in the character of a person whose heart God filled with faith, wisdom and knowledge. And stubbornness does not fall into it except hearts that are arrogant, envious and objectionable, hearts that do not admit mistakes, and are not satisfied with the truth. Rather, you see humiliation,humiliation and shortcomings in returning to Him. He loves corruption * Except in humiliation, humiliation and shortcomings, the stubborn fall, even if they are proud when it is said to him, "Beware of God", pride takes him for sin, so his count is Hell, and his misery.

 

traces of stubbornness    :key wor

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Natural Remedies
ABORTION IN THE EYES OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION/ DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
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Christianity rejected abortion, since its inception, it took a luck against abortion, although there is no mention of it in the Bible, as there is no explicit text for abortion in the Old or New Testament and that the early Christians considered abortion a sin in all stages, and beliefs included abortion as an act of murder. What is forbidden in the Ten Commandments is “Thou shalt not kill”, and it is understood that killing here is either plundering one’s personal life (suicide) or stealing another person’s life (killing), or stealing the life of a person who has not yet been born (aborting fetuses). Based on the above, it was necessary for individuals to search for (Abortion in the Christian Religion / Descriptive Study) The resea

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Stock Markets in the Anti-Money Laundering
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لم تعد ظاهرة غسل الأموال ظاهرةً محلیة أو إقلیمیة، فكل دولة معرضة لهذه الظاهرة لانتأثیراتها تستهدف الإنسان أینما كان باستهدافها الأوضاع الاقتصادیة والمالیة والاجتماعیة وحتىالأخلاقیة، سواء على المستوى الوطني أم على المستوي الدولي، فضلاً عن استغلال الاندماج الحاصلفي أسواق المال الدولیة والتطور التقني في الأنظمة المالیة لنقل الأموال المراد غسلها وتحریكها إلى إيمكان في العالم، وهو ما

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