The resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to ciprofloxacin has complicated the problem of treating staphylococcal associated infections in which MRSA is the causative agent since ciprofloxacin was the drug of choice to treat such infections. Our study investigated the incidence of Ciprofloxacin resistant S. aureus isolates that were also methicillin resistant among Iraqi patients. The obtained bacterial isolates were tested for Ciprofloxacin resistance using agar dilution method and the sequence of gyrA and parC. The results revealed that about 8% of the isolated MRSA strains were Ciprofloxacin resistant and the resistance was due to mutation in gyrA rather than parC.

Five N-substituted poly diimides were prepared by two steps. First step was included the preparation of five N-substituted diamides by reaction of adipoyl chloride with different amines .The second step was involved reaction of diamides with poly acryloyl chloride to obtain five new poly diimides having different physical properties which may used in different applications.

This research presents a study for precipitating phosphorus (as phosphate ion) from simulated wastewater (5ppm initial concentration of phosphorus) using calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ solution. The removal of phosphorus by Ca (OH)₂ solution is expected to be very effective since the chemical reaction is of acid-base type but Ca(OH)₂ forms complex compound with phosphate ions called. Hydroxyapatite Ca₅ (PO₄)₃OH. hydroxyapatite is slightly soluble in water. This research was directed towards sustainable elements as phosphorus. Kinetics of the dissolution reaction of hydroxyapatite was investigated to find the best factors to recover phosphorus. The effect of con

ملخص البحث
تبحث الدراسھ عن تنفیذ افضل لمفھوم التعلم مدى الحیاة كھیكل موجھ للسیاسة التربویة في العراق بشكل عام وفي
التعلیم العالي بشكل خاص. تحدد الدراسة استراتجیات التعلم مدى الحیاة وتناقش اھمیتھ وسماتھ الرئیسیة لتسھیل
الوصول الى فرص تعلم متمیز و ملائم لحاجات الطلبة مدى الحیاة، كما تناقش دور الجامعة في تحقیق ھذا الھدف.

Background:The referral system constitutes a key element of health system. Effective referral system between different levels of health care delivery represents a cornerstone in addressing patients’ health needs.

Objectives:To assess the referral system Baghdad/ Al-Rusafa Health Directorate by evaluation the referral pattern and identify the quality of the referral letters and feedback reports.

Type of the study: This cross-sectional study .

Methodology : It was conducted in5PHCC in from 1^st July 2015 - 31^st December 2015 at Bagdad/Al-Rusafa health directorate. The study population (sampled population) included all ref

Objectives: To assess the pediatric nurses' knowledge about the nosocomial infection owl), and to fud out the
relatiouships between their knowledge about the nosocomial infection and demographic data.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at neonatal intensive care units OVICUs) of Baghdad
Pediatric Teaching Hospitals. It was started from the end of April to the end of October, 2008. A purposive
sample of (28) pediatric nurses were selected. The data were collected by self-administered questiormaire. The
validity of the questionnaire was detemined through a panel of experts, while its reliability was detemined
through the pilot study. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics through th

Iron is one of the abundant elements on earth that is an essential element for humans and may be a troublesome element in water supplies.  In this research an AAN model was developed to predict iron concentrations in the location of Al- Wahda water treatment plant in Baghdad city by water quality assessment of iron concentrations at seven WTPs up stream Tigris River. SPSS software was used to build the ANN model. The input data were iron concentrations in the raw water for the period 2004-2011. The results indicated the best model predicted Iron concentrations at Al-Wahda WTP with a coefficient of determination 0.9142. The model used one hidden layer with two nodes and the testing error was 0.834. The ANN model coul

This research aims to know and the role of the marketing recovery dimensions in improving the organization's reputation through an exploratory study of private banks in the city of Baghdad. The aim of the research is to define the role of the marketing recovery through its dimensions (compensation, apology, speed of response, assistance and problem solving), in improving the organization's reputation, as the research will attempt to provide a theoretical framework for the dimensions studied through the most important of what researchers presented and then conduct the applied aspect of the research. Data were collected using a questionnaire-based survey consisting of 35 questions and distributed to 110 managers of private banks in

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a very common infection caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. This parasite is called Toxoplasma gondii widely distributed around the world . Toxoplasma gondii can be vertically transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and may cause wide range of clinical manifestations in the offspring.

Objective: To determine seroprevalence Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin M  (IgM ) to toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and to identify the risk factors.

Type of the study: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 110 blood samples of pregnant women were collected from