The Miocene succession of western and southern Iraq is represented by the
Euphrates, Ghar, Jeribe, Nfayil, Fatha, and Injana formations. The Euphrates
Formation (Early Miocene) consists mainly of shallow marine facies; it`s equivalent
the Ghar Formation (Early- Early Middle Miocene) is represented by continental
clastic facies. The Jeribe Formation (Early Middle Miocene) represents shallow
marine environment. The Nfayil Formation (Middle Miocene) also of shallow marine
environment, it`s equivalent the Fatha Formation is represented mainly by supratidal
marine environment. The Injana Formation (Late Miocene) represents the clastic
continental facies.
The studied succession was highly affected by many diagene

The objective of this study is to verify the overall performance and evaluate the wastewater quality of the wastewater treatment plant at the Abu Ghraib Dairy Factory and compare the results with the Iraqi Quality Standards (IQS) for effluent disposal and with the national determinants of treated water use. Agricultural irrigation wastewater, which included daily assessment records of the main parameters affecting wastewater [five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (T.D.S), total suspended solids (TSS), phosphate (PO4), nitrate (NO3), hydrogen ion concentration (pH)] obtained from the quality control department of Abu Ghraib dairy plant registered from January 2017 to December 2020. Th

     For hydrochemical assessment of water resources at Baquba City, Diyala Governorate, four surface water samples were collected from the Diyala River and eight groundwater samples inside the city of Baquba. The samples were collected in the two periods, the dry period in October 2018 and the wet period in February 2019. The pH, EC, TH, turbidity, the major ions and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Co, Cd, Pb, Zn and Ni) were investigated. The results showed that the surface and groundwater are turbid, very hard and slightly brackish to moderately saltine in the groundwater, while it is hard to very hard and fresh in surface water. Heavy element analyzes revealed contamination of surface water samples and groundwater with the elements Cadmi

Five oil sample of Mashrif and Nahr Umr Formation for Amarah oil field,
southern Iraq, were taken and analyzed in Geo Mark laboratory in USA center in
order to determine the bulk properties of crude oils and carbon isotopes for these
samples in addition to determine biomarker parameters using Gas
Chromatography(GC), and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry )GCMS
(analytical technique. According to these biomarker analyses of the two formation, it
is indicated that they are non-degraded, marine, non-waxy, derived from
carbonate source and deposition in anoxic marine environment. This study also
showed that the bulk properties (terpanes and steranes) of Amarah oil field are one
family, and the source rocks contai

     The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of space weather on the troposphere, where our climate exists. This work is useful to give us an idea of ​​the interaction between solar activity and some meteorological parameters. The sunspot number (SSN) data were extracted from the World Data Center for the production, preservation, and dissemination of the international sunspot number (SILSO), top net solar radiation (TSR) and temperature 2 meters from the ERA5 model of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) from the Climate Data Store with 0.25 grid Resolution, providing a rich source of climate data for researchers. This study was conducted from 2008 to 2021 (solar cycle 24 and the beginning of 25) over Iraq loca

  The present study was done to identify the karyotype of Mystus pelusius fish , which is the only representative of the family Bagridae in Iraq, they have been caught from Tigris river in AL-Kraat area of Baghdad city, the results show that the diploid chromosome number was 2n=32 and the males chromosomal types included 2n=(6m+13sm+7st+6t)and fundamental number FN=51, in females chromosomal types included 2n=(6m+12sm+8st+6t)with FN=50,also it observed that the first submetacentric pair was the largest within the biarmed chromosomes .The results revealed that the male heterogamety and the female homogamety , accordingly it follows the sex determination system (XX / XY) , as the (X) chromosome represented by medium sized submetacentr

In this study, iron was coupled with copper to form a bimetallic compound through a biosynthetic method, which was then used as a catalyst in the Fenton-like processes for removing direct Blue 15 dye (DB15) from aqueous solution. Characterization techniques were applied on the resultant nanoparticles such as SEM, BET, EDAX, FT-IR, XRD, and zeta potential. Specifically, the rounded and shaped as spherical nanoparticles were found for green synthesized iron/copper nanoparticles (G-Fe/Cu NPs) with the size ranging from 32-59 nm, and the surface area was 4.452 m2/g. The effect of different experimental factors was studied in both batch and continuous experiments. These factors were H2O2 concentration, G-Fe/CuNPs amount, pH, initial DB15

    The environmental contamination by the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Cd) concentrations in the leaves of plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis were determined at the city of Kirkuk in 15 selected locations using GPS. The pickings up of samples were carried out in two periods October 2010 and March 2011. Compared with results of other studies, the concentration levels of determined heavy metals show values within these studies results. The average total concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the leaves of Plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis indicated 37.1 ppb in October, while in March 165.2 ppb.

    The mode