Background: Dyslipidemia is a major cause of
cardiovascular disease, which in turn, is the most
common cause of female morbidity and mortality.
Postmenopausal women (natural and surgical) are at
higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease,
especially coronary artery atherosclerosis.
Objective: To observe the relationship between blood
lipids: total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), and very low
density lipoprotein- cholesterol (VLDL-C), LDL-C/
HDL-C ratio (atherogenic index) and menopausal
status, and to determine the co-factors that may explain
this relationship
Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study, which
includes 279 women, age range from 35-55 years
agreed to participate in this study. They were divided
into 4 groups according to their menopausal status.
These were pre-, peri post- natural and surgical postmenopausal. Data were collected from participants in a
pre-coded questionnaire and an overnight fasting blood
sample was collected for biochemical analysis.
Results: Postmenopausal women had higher levels of
lipids than pre or peri-menopausal. TC concentration
and LDL-cholesterol levels were higher in natural and
surgical menopause than in pre and pri-menopausal
women (p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively). While
LDL/HDL-C ratio (atherogenic index) were higher in
the surgical postmenopausal women than in premenopausal group (p<0.05). No significant inter-group
differences were found in HDL-C. Triglycerides, and
VLDL levels were higher in surgical menopause group
than in both pre- and peri-menopause groups (p<0.05).
No significant differences were demonstrated in pre-,
peri-, and natural menopausal women with regard to
triglyceride and VLDL levels and LDL/HDL-C ratio.
Conclusion : Dyslipidemia is more frequent among
women with natural and surgical menopause groups
than in the other groups. This makes those women
more susceptible to CVD. Certain co factors appear to
have direct associations with lipid levels in each group
and those were discussed.
This research aims to measure the discrepancy between the accounting income which is prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles and the tax income that is being prepared according to the rules and tax laws, and find out the most important differences that arise between incomes.The research found the most important to the following conclusions:1.Faces determining the tax base for companies subject to income challenges related to the weakness of the efficiency and the possibility of technical angel tax and its ability to examine the financial statements submitted to the tax administration tax.2.That the tax system in Iraq does not comply with accepted accounting principles generally accepted.The research recommends the
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... Show MoreWhen the guard honey bees, Apis mellifera L., form a clump at the hive entrance or on the flight board, the oriental hornet, Vespa orientails L., either creeps toward the clump or hovers over it in order to take a bee. Once the hornet creeps, only few bees facing the hornet become alert, rock their heads and antennae, open their wings, and take a posture of defense. The rest of the clump stays listless without any signal of concern. However, the clump stays dense and the defending bees do not detach themselves neither from the rest of the clump nor from each other. For this reason, it is very difficult for the hornet to grab a bee unless the latter makes a “mistake” by detaching herself from other adjacent bees. If the hornet grabs s
... Show MoreThe current research aims to find out (the effectiveness of teaching TRIZ theory in the expressive performance and the development of creative thinking among preparatory school students)
To achieve this, the researcher adopted on an experimental design is located in women with partial seizure experimental designs field in order to achieve the goals of the research, has sample consisted of two divisions seminars Mentzmtin in junior high school Diyala for Boys, and divided the sample of (60) called on the two groups, the first pilot of ( 30) student, and the other officer and number (30), student, and studied researchers experimental group theory TRIZ, while he studied the officer in the traditional manner, the researcher conducted a pa
According to grammarians In ( نإ) and Itha (اذإ) are conditionals and sometimes they may be used interchangeably. However, when they are mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, they have their own specific use. This paper attempts to investigate their meanings in the source language as well as investigate their translations and find out any differences or similarities. The translations that are adopted in this research are as follows: Pickthall, Al-Hilali & Khan, and Shakir.