Background: Cystoid Macular Edema (CME) in its various forms can be considered one of the leading causes of central vision loss in the developed world. It is not a disease itself, It represents a common pathologic sequel of the retina and occurs in a variety of pathological conditions such as, diabetic retinopathy, central or branch retinal vein occlusion(CRVO,BRVO), intraocular inflammation and following cataract extraction. Objective: This study was done to investigate the pattern of CME in patient attending Erbil Teaching Hospitals.Type of the study: Cross- sectional study.Methods and Materials: This is a hospital base cross- sectional study that included 61 patients (75 eyes) conducted at Erbil Teaching Hospitals for six months. All patients underwent a comprehensive assessment including medical and ophthalmic history, detailed ophthalmic examination and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) examination.Results: of the 61 patients 32 (52.5%) were females and 29 (47.5%) were males. The mean age was (56.4±10.8) years. Out of the 75 eyes included in the study, 41 eyes (54.66%) had diabetic retinopathy, 10 eyes (13.34%) had CME following cataract operation (Irvine-Gass syndrome), 8 eyes (10.67%) had BRVO, 6 eyes (8%) were had CRVO, 5 eyes (6.66%) had age related macular degeneration, 3 eyes (4%) with uveitis, and 2eyes (2.67%) had Retinitis Pigmentosa. The average macular thickness was (415.6± 107).Conclusions: Diabetic retinopathy is the most common predictive factor of CME, followed by cataract surgery. CME is more severe in diabetic retinopathy, CRVO and after cataract surgery.
Background: Hormones have very important role in spermatogenesis and production capacity of testis. Disturbances in their vlevels can be very crucial in dysfunction of testis which results in men infertility. This study carried out to evaluate the hormonal disturbances in men infertility and its correlation with semen parameters and types of infertility.
Patients and Methods: Blood and semen samples were collected from 91 infertile men and 20 healthy and fertile control who attended Al-Kadymiah hospital and some private clinics in Baghdad from January to December 2009.Semen and serum samples were analysed for semen parameter and FSH, LH, Testosterone and prolactin levels.
Results: Fifty one (56%) of in
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The production and analysis of an optimal interference pattern for the optical fiber interferometer of a 193.1THz continuous laser source was simulated by comparing the spectral spectroscopy of the two arms of interferometer to be used as a heterodyne detection in sensing the body range, speed, and direction of movement by delaying the time between the arms.
The study showed that the fringe pattern can be sensed a range by the free spectral range FSR and the velocity by the fringe separation FS and the direction by the fringe spatial frequency FSF.
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Cuneiform symbols recognition represents a complicated task in pattern recognition and image analysis as a result of problems that related to cuneiform symbols like distortion and unwanted objects that associated with applying Binrizetion process like spots and writing lines. This paper aims to present new proposed algorithms to solve these problems for reaching uniform results about cuneiform symbols recognition that related to (select appropriate Binerized method, erased writing lines and spots) based on statistical Skewness measure, image morphology and distance transform concepts. The experiment results show that our proposed algorithms have excellent result and can be adopted
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Background: Antibiotics are among the most commonly used medicine, in both community and hospital setting, all over the world especially in countries where no strict guideline to regulate their use. In Iraq, only a few studies conducted to describe the antibiotic prescription pattern in general hospitalsand even less in pediatric hospital.
Objective: To describe the patterns for antibiotics used in Elwia pediatric teaching hospital in Baghdad, Iraq
Type of the study: Descriptive cross sectional study.
.Methodology: The study was conducted at AL-Elwia Pediatric Teaching Hospitalduring the year 2016. A random sample from all the prescriptions sheets
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Objective: study aims to identify the diabetes type2 clients self management skills toward dietary pattern
, and find out the relationship between variables which are (Age, gender, educational level, duration of DM
diagnosis, and monthly income) with diabetes type 2 clients self management skills toward dietary pattern
Methodology: descriptive study was carried out through the present investigation from January 2nd
2011to September 2nd 2011 in order to achieve the objectives of the present study. A non probability
(purposive) sample, (200) cases which consists of clients who were attending Al-Nasiriyha diabetic center.
Including (118) males and (82) females. The data were collected by utilization of the study instrument