Background:Measurement of hemoglobin A1c (A1C) is a renowned tactic for gauging long-term glycemic control, and exemplifies an outstanding influence to the quality of care in diabetic patients.The concept of targets is open to criticism; they may be unattainable, or limit what could be attained, and in addition they may be economically difficult to attain. However, without some form of targeted control of an asymptomatic condition it becomes difficult to promote care at allObjectives: The present article aims to address the most recent evidence-based global guidelines of A1C targets intended for glycemic control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D).Key messages:Rationale for Treatment Targets of A1C includesevidence for microvascular and macrovascular protectionand changes in quality of life. More or less stringent A1C goals may be appropriate for individual patients, andgoals should be individualized based on:duration of diabetes, age/life expectancy, comorbid conditions, CVD or advanced microvascular complications,hypoglycemia unawareness, and individual patient considerations
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of anti- type 4 pili antibody in
prevention pulmonary infections caused by P. aeruginosa in vivo. This was
achieved by Evaluation of biofilm formation by the microtiter plate method to
select P.aeruginosa isolate with highest biofilm formation capacity, Extraction
and the partial purification of type IV pili from the selected isolate, then
Preparation of type IV pili antibodies by rabbit immunization. The lung
histological sections of non immunized mice were severly damaged ,while the
damage were markedly decrease in the lung of immunized mice with anti-type 4
pili antibody.
Background: Diabetic mellitus type ? is a metabolic disorder of diverse etiological factors, characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from an absolute deficiency of insulin affected childhood and adolescent. Some of these patients seek an orthodontic care .The orthodontist who is treating these medically compromised patients should have a working knowledge of the multitude of medically complex problems. This information will support and enable for delivery of high standards of dental care in general and orthodontic care in particular. The aim of this study was to analyze serum IgG levels and salivary secretory IgA (sIgA) levels in human dentine extract (HDE) before (T0) and 6 months after (T6) orthodontic treatment and to correlate anti-HDE
... Show MoreAmputation of the upper limb significantly hinders the ability of patients to perform activities of daily living. To address this challenge, this paper introduces a novel approach that combines non-invasive methods, specifically Electroencephalography (EEG) and Electromyography (EMG) signals, with advanced machine learning techniques to recognize upper limb movements. The objective is to improve the control and functionality of prosthetic upper limbs through effective pattern recognition. The proposed methodology involves the fusion of EMG and EEG signals, which are processed using time-frequency domain feature extraction techniques. This enables the classification of seven distinct hand and wrist movements. The experiments conducte
... Show MoreFumonisin B1 is toxic secondary metabolites compound produced by Fusarium spp. on maize and maize products causes health problems to human and animal. Therefore, this research is planned to study the effect of FB1 on the expression of TLR-2 & 4 in liver and kidney cells of mice. Four group of male mice were orally administrated with single dose of FB1 toxin as the following: 0 ppb, 800 ppb, 1200 ppb and 1600 ppb. After two weeks all animals were sacrificed, liver and kidney autopsies were taken and the level of TLR-2 & 4 detected in each four group by immunohistochemistry technique (IHC). According to the IHC examination of groups (1, 2, 3 and 4) strong expression of TLR2 in liver and kidney were (0%, 33.3%, 100%, 100%), respectively. This
... Show MoreA new ligand [ 2-chloro-N- (1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro -1H-pyrazol- 4-ylcarbamothioyl)acetamide](L) was synthesized by reacting the Chloro acetyl isothiocyanate with 4-aminoantipyrine,The ligand was characterized by(C HNS) elemental microanalysis and the spectral measurements including Uv-Vis ,IR ,1H and13C NMR spectra, some transition metals complex of this ligand were prepared and characterized by Uv-Vis, FT-IR spectra, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. From the obtained results the molecular formula of all prepared complexes were [M(L)2(H2O)2]Cl2 (M+2 =Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg),the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes were octahedral.
In this study new derivatives of Schiff bases 5-8, 1, 3-oxazepine 9-16 and tetrazoles 17-19 have been synthesized from the new starting material 1 which has synthesized the reaction of one mole of dichloro acetic acid and two moles of thiophenol, the esters 2-3 were synthesized from the reaction of compound 1 with methanol or ethanol respectively in the presence of H2SO4 as catalyst then 2, 2-dithiophenylaceto Hydrazide 4 were synthesized from the reaction of 2 or 3 with hydrazine hydrate 80%, Schiff bases 5-8 were synthesized from the reaction of 4 with appropriate aldehyde or ketone. Treatment of Schiff bases with maleic and phathalic anhydride in dry benzene to give 1, 3-oxazepen derivatives 9-16 and with sodium azide in tetrahydrofuran
... Show MoreInterleukins (IL-2 and IL-4) are increased in asthmatics and were reported to induce resistance to steroid therapy in some patients who fail to get benefit from glucocorticoids when used in full dose and for long period of time. In this context, the present study was conducted on Iraqi patients to provide additional laboratory mean, beside the clinical diagnosis, for the decision whether the asthma is steroid sensitive or resistant by monitoring the level of immunoglobulins, complement proteins and interleukins among asthmatic patients (steroid sensitive or resistant) and the possible contribution of other factors like age, sex and environments in the development of steroid resistance. A total number of 55 asthmatics and 28 normal subjec
... Show MoreIn the present study, cytogenetic and molecular techniques were conducted to detect the chromosomal aneuploidy and the involvement of N and H genes in squamous larynx carcinoma cell line Hep-2.Our results showed that numerical and structural abnormalities were involved in larynx cancer Hep-2.The total number of chromosomes ranging from tripolyploidy in passage187to more than that in passage207.The more frequent chromosomes involved in numerical aberrations were chromosomes1,7,16,17 and 18. Structural chromosomal aberrations were also detected.Deletion of short arm was detected in chromosome 1(del 1p) and the long arm of chromosome 1(del 1q)and 6(del 6q).Gaining on short arms were also recorded in chromosomes 3(3p+) and 12(12p+).At the mole
... Show MoreThe recurrent somatic variations in
The aim of the study was to detect the frequency of R132 mutations in the