Thirty nine hyperlipoproteinemic (HPLic) male subject aged (48-63) year not on any of the lipid lowering drugs, attending out patient clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital, were included in the present study, in addition to twenty two normolipidimic male subjects of matched age were included as control throughout this study. The first part of this study was devoted to the classification of the HPLic subjects according to the serum lipid and lipoprotein profile following defined criteria. The lipid parameter including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were investigated in serum of HPLic subjects included in the study. The classification was performed according to Frederickson's type, as twenty one hypercholesterlemic (type IIa), and eighteen hypertriglycerdimia (type IV) HPLic subjects. In the second part of the study, lipid peroxidation marker measured as malondialdehyde (MDA), free iron, ferritin, transrerrin (Tf) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) levels were measured in the serum of all subjects included in the study. The results indicated that significant increase was observed in the serum levels of Tc, Tg and LDL in type IIa and Type IV HPLic compared to control, and a significant decrease in HDL level in serum of both HPLic group compared to control, while no significant difference in serum HDL levels between type IIa and type IV HPLic was found. The mean MDA, free iron and ferritin levels in serum were found to be significantly higher in both types IIa and IV HPLic compared to control, also ferritin level in serum of type IV showed a significant increase over that of type IIa (257.3±22.7 vs. 223±19.2 mg/ml; p<0.05). On the other hand, no significant difference in mean MDA and free iron levels between both types of HPLic groups were found. The mean Tf and Cp levels in serum of type IIa HPLic group showed a slight increase, yet not significant when compared to control, but a non significant decrease in Tf and Cp levels in serum of type IV HPLic group compared to control was found, however neither Tf nor Cp levels showed any significant difference between both HPLic groups. These results suggest the presence of oxidative stress injury in subjects with either type IIa or IV HPL, which could be due to high levels of LDL which is more susptible to oxidation and high levels of serum free iron which act as a prooxidant agent in its free form.
Introduction: Inadequate pain assessment and management is a problem in hospitalized patients that impairs their wellbeing. Intensive care unit nurses’ pain practices are affected by several barriers and enablers. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the level of nurses’ practices and perceived barriers related to pain assessment in critically ill patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional design study was used. Purposive sampling technique was employed, including 100 nurses recruited from 8 intensive care units in Baghdad city, Iraq. The study was conducted from September 1st to October 20th, 2022. The pain assessment and management for critically ill patients survey was used to collect data. Descriptive sta
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This paper includes an experimental study of hydrogen mass flow rate and inlet hydrogen pressure effect on the fuel cell performance. Depending on the experimental results, a model of fuel cell based on artificial neural networks is proposed. A back propagation learning rule with the log-sigmoid activation function is adopted to construct neural networks model. Experimental data resulting from 36 fuel cell tests are used as a learning data. The hydrogen mass flow rate, applied load and inlet hydrogen pressure are inputs to fuel cell model, while the current and voltage are outputs. Proposed model could successfully predict the fuel cell performance in good agreement with actual data. This work is extended to developed fuel cell feedback
... Show MoreThe effected of the long transmission line (TL) between the actuator and the hydraulic control valve sometimes essentials. The study is concerned with modeling the TL which carries the oil from the electro-hydraulic servovalve to the actuator. The pressure value inside the TL has been controlled by the electro-hydraulic servovalve as a voltage supplied to the servovalve amplifier. The flow rate through the TL has been simulated by using the lumped π element electrical analogy method for laminar flow. The control voltage supplied to servovalve can be achieved by the direct using of the voltage function generator or indirect C++ program connected to the DAP-view program built in the DAP-card data acqu
... Show MoreIn the field of implantology, peri-implantitis is still a common complication of implant failure. Similar to periodontal disease, this kind of pathological condition is characterized by inflammation of the tissues surrounding dental implants or fillings. The sources of infection have been shown to be chronic periodontitis and poor maintenance of the communion. A thorough examination of the intricate components of peri-implantitis was sought in this review in order to identify common characteristics of the disease with regard to bacteria, biofilm formation, host immunological responses, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic treatments. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed overview of the different bacterial species associated
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Background: Enforcement of sustainable and green chemistry protocols has seen colossal surge in recent times, the development of an effective, eco-friendly, simple and novel methodologies towards the synthesis of valuable synthetic scaffolds and drug intermediates. Recent advances in technology have now a more efficient means of heating reactions that made microwave energy. Efforts to synthesize novel heterocyclic molecules of biological importance are in continuation. Microwave irradiation is well known to promote the synthesis of a variety of organic and inorganic compounds. The aim of current study was to conceivea mild base mediated preparation of novel Schiff base of 2-Acetylpheno with trimethoprim drug (H2TPBD) and its complexes w
... Show MoreA tetradentate (N2O2) Schiff base (H2Ldfm) was successfully synthesized via condensation of curcumin / diferuloylmethane (dfm) and L-leucine amino acid (HL). There were three different methods that used for synthesizing H2Ldfm; (refluxing, grading, and fusion). Ten different metal complexes were also successfully synthesized by combination of the Schiff base (H2Ldfm) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand to form a hexadentate (N4O2) mixed ligands (Ldfm , phen) with ten different metal salts (M) where{ M= Al(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Ag(I), Cd(II), Hg(II), and Pb(II)}. The molar ratio of reactants was (1:1:1) (M: H2Ldfm : phen). The new Schiff base and its new complexes were characterized by different physicochemical tec
... Show MoreThis study was aimed to reduce the amount of the sprayed solution lost during trees spraying. At the same time, the concentration of the sprayed solution on the target (tree or bush) must be ensured and to find the best combination of treatments. Two factors controls the spraying process: (i) spraying speed (1.2 km/h, 2.4 km/h, 3.6 km/h), and (ii) the type of sensor. The test results showed a significant loss reduction percentage. It reached (6.05%, 5.39% and 2.05%) at the speed (1.2 km/h, 2.4 km/h, 3.6 km/h), respectively. It was noticed that when the speed becomes higher the loss becomes less accordingly. The interaction between the 3.6 km/h speed and the type of Ultrasonic sensor led to a decrease in the percentage of the spray
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This study presents a comprehensive set of laboratory works for the examined soil layers extracted from Baghdad city (specifically from Alkadhimya, Alaitaifiya, and Alhurriya) to illustrate their engineering properties. The researchers have adopted the unified soil classification system for soil classification purposes. Also, the direct shear test was performed for soil samples with various degrees of saturation (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The test results have shown a significant reduction in cohesion property with higher moisture content within soil samples. Also, a noticeable reduction in angle of internal friction value has occurred with such changes. Furthermore, it has been found that the bearing capacity of unsaturated soi
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Dapagliflozin is a novel sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitor. This work aims to develop a new
validated sensitive RP-HPLC coupled with a mass detector method for the determination of dapagliflozin, its
alpha isomer, and starting material in the presence of dapagliflozin major degradation products and an internal
standard (empagliflozin). The separation was achieved on BDS Hypersil column (length of 250mm, internal
diameter of 4.6 mm and 5-μm particle size) at a temperature of 35℃. Water and acetonitrile were used as
mobile phase A and B by gradient mode at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. A wavelength of 224nm was selected to
perform detection using a photo diode array detector. The method met the
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