Different thicknesseses of polycrystalline ZnTe films have been deposited on to glass substrates by vacuum evaporation technique under vacuum 2.1x10-5 mbar. The structural characteristics studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the films are polycrystalline and have a cubic (zinc blende ) structure. The calculated microstructure parameters revealed that the crystallite size increases with increasing film thicknesses. The optical measurements on the deposited films were performed in different thicknesseses [ 400 , 450 and 500]nm, to determine the transmission spectrum and the absorption spectra as a function of incident wavelength. The optical absorption coefficient (α) of the films was determined from transmittance spectra in the range of wavelength (400-1100) nm. The dependence of absorption coefficient, on the photon energy showed the occurrence of a direct transition with band gap energy from 2.24eV to 1.92eV (for ZnTe films of different thicknesseses), where with high film thicknesses there are several energy levels resulting in several overlapping energy bands in the band gap of these films. The overlapping energy bands therefore tend to reduce the energy band gap, resulting in lower band gaps for thicker films.
ABSTRACT Wound is damage or disruption to the normal anatomical structure and function. Carrageenan is sulphated polysaccharide found in Gigartina, Chondrus and Eucheuma species in the red algal family. Having anticancer, anti-inflammatory and renewal of tissues. Our study aimed to detect the role of kappa carrageenan in the burned skin wound repair. Skin burn were performed in the right and left cheek of 20 male rats (aged 7-8 weeks weighing 300-350 g). Burned skin rats were categorized into two equal groups. Burned areas of right side were treated with a local application of 1 ml of kappa carrageenan solution once daily (treatment group) and the left side receive no treatment (control group). After 5, and 10 days, 5 rats from each
... Show MoreIn our research, several different Statics solutions have been implemented in the processing of seismic data in the south of Iraq for (2D) line seismic survey (AK18) of Abu-khama project with length 32.4 Km and their corresponding results have been compared in order to find optimum static solutions. The static solutions based on the tomographic-principle or combining the low frequency components of field statics with high frequency ones of refraction statics can provide a reasonable static solution for seismic data in the south of Iraq. The quality of data was bad and unclear in the seismic signal, but after applying field statics there is an enhancement of data quality. The Residual static correction improved the qualities of seis
... Show MoreAt a time of increasing human potential in the face of crises and risks through the use of technology on a large scale and steadily in various fields of life, and the vulnerability of business organizations as a result of mistakes. The failure of a sudden these errors or omissions or symptoms. Also, some crises occur outside the control of management, others caused by leakage of important information and sometimes secret may be a strategy or a new plan or new project occurs outside the organization to the opposite of what is planned. Therefore, the crisis management are critical to all organizations, because the active management of the crisis helps to ensure the continued prosperity of the organization. Here comes from the resea
... Show MoreCancer constitutes a serious disease and a major health problem in worldwide, a lot of people were infected with this dangerous disease, Therefore, there must be attention to this disease through diagnosis and prevention there. In this study, we determined the relationship between the Cancer and the concentration of trace elements by comparing the concentration trace elements for infected and non-infected people. The trace elements concentrations to nails are one of the diagnostic criteria that easily to detect and dated this disease without any harm to the patient. Eight nails samples were collected from cancer-infected and eight samples from non-infected of the relatives of first-degree. All samples were measured by the concentrations
... Show MoreUltra-High Temperature Materials (UHTMs) are at the base of entire aerospace industry; these high stable materials at temperatures exceeding 1600 °C are used to manage the heat shielding to protect vehicles and probes during the hypersonic flight through reentry trajectory against aerodynamic heating and reducing plasma surface interaction. Those materials are also recognized as Thermal Protection System Materials (TPSMs). The structural materials used during the high-temperature oxidizing environment are mainly limited to SiC, oxide ceramics, and composites. In addition to that, silicon-based ceramic has a maximum-use at 1700 °C approximately; as it is an active oxidation process o
ABSTRACT
Critical buckling temperature of angle-ply laminated plate is developed using a higher-order displacement field. This displacement field used by Mantari et al based on a constant ‘‘m’’, which is determined to give results closest to the three dimensions elasticity (3-D) theory. Equations of motion based on higher-order theory angle ply plates are derived through Hamilton, s principle, and solved using Navier-type solution to obtain critical buckling temperature for simply supported laminated plates. Changing (α2/ α1) ratios, number of layers, aspect ratios, E1/E2 ratios for thick and thin plates and their effect on thermal
... Show MoreThe aim of this study is to look at the potential of a local sustainable energy network in a pre-existing context to develop a novel design beneficial to the environment. Nowadays, the concept of smart cities is still in the developmental phase/stage andwe are currently residing in a transitional period, therefore it is very important to discover new solutions that show direct benefits the people may get from transforming their city from a traditional to a smart city. Using experience and knowledge of successful projects in various European and non-European smart cities, this study attempts to demonstrate the practical potential of gradually moving existing cities to t
... Show MoreWestiellopsis prlifica was exposed to 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 ppm from both lead & Cadmium, in order to measure their capacity to remove these metals from the polluted aquatic environment and to study its ability to tolerant them. The algae were grown under optimum conditions.
Westiellopsis prlifica had the ability to remove the lead with percentages about 31.57, 54.42, 62.35, 61.8, 57.02 and 68.34% for the concentrations 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 ppm, respectively, but it was found that these percentages were be better in the last day of the experiment for some of the concentrations 1, 2 and 3 ppm, While the tolerant of it to lead was up to the concentration 10 ppm.
Westiellopsis prlifica appears ability to remove Cadmium with percent