The complexes of para-chloranil as electron acceptor and the anions of amide, azide and cyanide as electron donors in aqueous ethanol as a solvent, were studied spectrophotometrically . The reactions lead to the formation of charge transfer complexes. The CT complexes were stable in excess acceptor concentration, while they were underwent another transformations in excess donors concentrations. Stoichiometries were determined, the molecular ratio was determined by continuous variation method (Job method) and is was 1:1 (donor: acceptor). The maximum wavelength (λ max.), the energy (hυCT), ionization potential (Ip) and activation energy (w ) of excited state for the charge transfer complexes were calculated, presented and discussed.
The current study was designed to compare some of the vital markers in the sera of diabetic and neuropathy patients via estimating Adipsin, Fasting blood Glucose(FBG), Glycated(HbA1c) hemoglobin, Homeostasis Model Assessment Index (Homa IR ), Cholesterol, High density lipoprotein (HDL), Triglycerides (T.G), Low-density, and lipoprotein (LDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), in sera of Iraqi patients with diabetes and neuropathy. A total of ninety subjects were divided into three groups: group I (30 diabetic with neuropathy males) and group II (30 diabetic males without neuropathy), and 30 healthy sujects were employed as control group. The results showed a significant decline in Adipsin levels (p>0.05) in neuropathy, T2DM g
... Show More
(6)
(7)
(2)
Computer theoretical study has been carried out on the design of five electrode immersion electrostatic lens used in electron gun application. The finite element method (FEM) is used in the solution of the Poisson's equation fro determine axial potential distribution, the electron trajectory under Zero magnification condition . The optical properties : focal length ,spherical and chromatic aberrations are calculated,From studying the properties of the designed electron gun. we have good futures for these electron gun where are abeam current 4*10-4A can be supplied by using cathode tip of radius 100 nm.
Ceftriaxone sodium were one of the widely antibacterial drugs used. Azo dye derivatization of diazonium salt that formed via the reaction between ceftriaxone with hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite was developed for the on-research drug analysis then coupling with each one 2,5-dimethylphenol (2,5-DMP) and 4-tertbutylphenol (4-TBP) respectively in the alkaline media. The developed diazonium coupling methods include an optimization study. The results show a limit of detection and limit of quantification 0.482, 0.284 µg/mL, and 1.607, 0.945 µg/mL using 2,5-DMP and 4-TBP reagents respectively. Moreover, the recovery % obtained was 100.89%, and 103.37% at linear concentration range 3.0 – 50, and 10 – 30 µg/mL, with mo
... Show More
(2)
Two methods have been applied for the spectrophotometric determination of atropine, in
bulk sample and in dosage form. The methods are accurate, simple, rapid, inexpensive and
sensitive. The first method depending on the extraction of the formed ion-pair complex with
bromphenol blue (BPB) as a chromogenic reagent in chloroform, use phthalate buffer of pH
3.0; which showed absorbance maxima at 413 nm against reagent blank. The calibration
graph is linear in the ranges of 0.5-40 µg.mL
-1
with detection limit of 0.363µg.mL
-1
. The
second method depending on the measure of the absorbance maxima of the formed charge-transfer complex with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) at 457 nm against
Mass transfer was examined at a stationary rectangular copper electrode (cathode) by using the reduction of cupric ions as the electrochemical reaction. The influence of electrolyte temperature (25, 45, and 65 oC), and cupric ions concentration (4, 8, and 12 mM) on mass transfer coefficient were investigated by using limiting current technique. The mass transfer coefficient and hence the Sherwood number was correlated as Sh =
This study deals with free convection heat transfer for the outer surface of two
cylinders of the shape of (Triangular & Rectangular fined cylinders with 8-fins),
putted into two different spaces; small one with dimension of (Length=1.2m,
height=1m, width=0.9m) and large one with dimension of (Length=3.6m, height =3m,
width=2.7m). The experimental work was conducted with air as a heat transport
medium. These cylinders were fixed at different slope angles (0o, 30o, 60o and 90o)
.The heat fluxes were (279, 1012, 1958, 3005, 4419) W/m2, where heat transferred by
convection and radiation. In large space, the results show that the heat transfer from
the triangular finned cylinder is maximum at a slope angle equals
As the temperature of combustion gases is higher than the melting temperature of the turbine materials, cooling of turbine parts in a gas turbine engine is necessary for safe operation. Cooling methods investigated in this computational study included cooling flow losses. Film-cooling is one typically used cooling method whereby coolant is supplied through holes passage, in present study the holes placed along the camber line of the blade. The subject of this paper is to evaluate the heat transfer that occur on the holes of blade through different
blowing coolant rates. The cases of this study were performed in a low speed wind tunnel with two tip gap at small and large (0.03 and 0.09cm) and multiple coolant flow rates through the fil