The present study was carried out to assay the bioaccumulation of ammonia ,nitrite ,nitrate in fresh water and the concentration of heavy metals (Lead, Cupper, Cadmium, Manganes and Zinc) in water and tissues of Tilapia niloticus selected from El-marryotia canal (one of the river Nile ramification in Al-Giza city) in Egypt, samples were collected during the period of July to October 2011 to determine water safety for human consumption and the hazardous effect of these metals on the histopathology of selected tissues and organs of fish. Two samples were collected from two locations of canal, pH of water samples were measured and the concentration of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite were determined in these samples. Twenty Tilapia were also collected from different locations of the canal, One gram of liver, abdominal and dorsal muscles tissue from each fish were taken for determination of lead, Cupper, Cadmium, manganese and Zinc in the selected tissues. Specimens of gills, muscles, liver, kidney and intestine from each fish were fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin, and processed for pathological study. The results revealed that water samples polluted with ammonia, nitrite and nitrate respectively.,significant differences were recorded in concentration of Mn and Zn in both water samples. The mean concentration of Pb was 0.216±0.0108, 0.204±0.009 and Mn 0.901±0.041, 0.73±0.003 in both water samples which was above the World Health Organization safety standard, the results indicated that water were polluted with both two heavy metals. More concentration of Pb1.362±0.0657 was noted in liver of fish , concentration of Pb (1.2±0.062), Cd (0.01.2±0.062) was the highest in abdominal muscles and lowest in the remaining tissues of fish , the mean concentration of Cu (0.6.2±0.032) was higher in abdominal muscle , Mn (0.54±0.02) and Zn (1,19.2±0.054) was more concentrated in dorsal muscles and all the heavy metals studied gave results with the permissible limits in fish tissue recorded by the standards of WHO. The main histopathological changes observed were edema and sloughing of lamellar epithelia in gills of fish. In liver, it was noticed vacuolation of most hepatocytes with nuclear pyknosis . The findings in kidneys exhibited the presence of periglomerular edema and vacuolar degeneration of most of renal tubules .The fish muscle showed degeneration and edema with focal areas of necrosis of some muscle fibres.
Abstract:
We can notice cluster data in social, health and behavioral sciences, so this type of data have a link between its observations and we can express these clusters through the relationship between measurements on units within the same group.
In this research, I estimate the reliability function of cluster function by using the seemingly unrelate
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This study offers numerical simulation results using the ABAQUS/CAE version 2019 finite element computer application to examine the performance, and residual strength of eight recycle aggregate RC one-way slabs. Six strengthened by NSM CFRP plates were presented to study the impact of several parameters on their structural behavior. The experimental results of four selected slabs under monotonic load, plus one slab under repeated load, were validated numerically. Then the numerical analysis was extended to different parameters investigation, such as the impact of added CFRP length on ultimate load capacity and load-deflection response and the impact of concrete compressive strength value on the structural performance of
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The accurate extracting, studying, and analyzing of drainage basin morphometric aspects is important for the accurate determination of environmental factors that formed them, such as climate, tectonic activity, region lithology, and land covering vegetation.
This work was divided into three stages; the 1st stage was delineation of the Al-Abiadh basin borders using a new approach that depends on three-dimensional modeling of the studied region and a drainage network pattern extraction using (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) data, the 2nd was the classification of the Al-Abiadh basin streams according to their shape and widenings, and the 3rd was ex
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Shear and compressional wave velocities, coupled with other petrophysical data, are vital in determining the dynamic modules magnitude in geomechanical studies and hydrocarbon reservoir characterization. But, due to field practices and high running cost, shear wave velocity may not available in all wells. In this paper, a statistical multivariate regression method is presented to predict the shear wave velocity for Khasib formation - Amara oil fields located in South- East of Iraq using well log compressional wave velocity, neutron porosity and density. The accuracy of the proposed correlation have been compared to other correlations. The results show that, the presented model provides accurate
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The melting duration in the photovoltaic/phase-change material (PV/PCM) system is a crucial parameter for thermal energy management such that its improvement can realize better energy management in respect to thermal storage capabilities, thermal conditions, and the lifespan of PV modules. An innovative and efficient technique for improving the melting duration is the inclusion of an exterior metal foam layer in the PV/PCM system. For detailed investigations of utilizing different metal foam configurations in terms of their convective heat transfer coefficients, the present paper proposes a newly developed mathematical model for the PV/PCM–metal foam assembly that can readily be implemented with a wide range of operating condition
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