The influence of different thickness (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000) nm on the electrical conductivity and Hall effect measurements have been investigated on the films of copper indium gallium selenide CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) for x= 0.6.The films were produced using thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates at R.T from (CIGS) alloy. The electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1, Ea2), Hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated and calculated as function of thickness. All films contain two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers, and increase films thickness was fond to increase the electrical conductivity whereas the activation energy (Ea) would vary with films thickness. Hall Effect analysis results of CIGS films show all films were (p-type) and both Hall mobility and the carrier concentration increase with the increase of films thickness
The current study aimed at identifying the impact of each of the full and part time summer enrichment programs on the performance of gifted students. Moreover, it aimed to study the difference between the full and part time programs on the performance of gifted students. The study sample consisted of (115) students from the full time programs and (137) students from the part time programs, they have been randomly selected from the gifted students participating in the full and part time summer enrichment programs. The researcher used the scale of student performance. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the averages of the pre and post applications of the
... Show MoreThe introduction to the research included a presentation of some physical characteristics and their importance in sports, including the speed of kinesthetic response response and the extent of its usefulness and importance, especially for soccer goalkeepers, as it is the most important element that goalkeepers must have, and it is also the main key to the excellence and development of all physical and kinesthetic response qualities and skills of a goalkeeper. Football. The speed of kinesthetic response response and reaction is one of the requirements of the game of football, as well as all other sports and even in general professional life. Its importance is highlighted for the football goalkeeper, so he must master it perfectly to perform
... Show MorePremature failure in asphalt concrete pavement has been the main concern for pavement construction companies and engineers in recent years because of the large rise in traffic volume and loads and the temperature extremes in the summer and winter. The use of modifiers in asphalt concrete mixtures has attracted much attention to increase the performance and lifespan of pavements. As nanotechnology developed, several researchers concentrated on how these materials can help increase pavement serviceability by minimizing rutting and moisture damage. This study evaluates the Hydrated Lime (HL) effect by two methods (wet and dry hydrated lime) on the durability of the warm mix asphalt. The first method, HL, has been supplemented to the as
... Show MoreZSM-5 zeolite was synthesis under hydrothermal conditions at 175oC. The synthesis parameters have been investigated to find optimum synthesis method. Firstly, the crystallization time has been investigated to find the optimum crystallization time. Also, the ageing time was studied. The morphology, structure, and composition of the synthesized ZSM-5 zeolite were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pH meter, viscometer, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The bulk Si/Al ratio of ZSM-5 zeolite was in the range of 9.5—11.7. The synthesized ZSM-5 zeolite with appropriate ageing time could adjust crystal size and degree of the crystallinity. The crystal size of ZSM-5 zeolite obtained at an agei
... Show MoreThis study was conducted to determine the effects of concentration of hydrochloric acids, temperature, and time on the hydrolysis of soya proteins (defatted soya flour) by determining the value of total protein nitrogen concentration, and amino nitrogen concentration of protein, peptides, and amino acids, and then calculated the hydrolysis rate of proteins.
The variables of the conditions of hydrolysis process was achieved in this study with the following range value of tests parameter:
- Concentration of HCl solution ranged between 1-7 N,
- Hydrolysis temperature ranged between 35-95 °C, and
- The time of hydroly
The research aims to know the effect of investment risks measured by the beta coefficient on the efficiency of stock pricing measured by the pricing error. The research was applied in the banks listed in the Iraq market for the period (2017-2020). That affects the value of the shares of the companies listed in it and the risks associated with it, as the risks are a dynamic process that changes over time depending on the variables that affect the general development of the economy, so these fluctuations should be taken into account to achieve maximizing returns and reducing risks and what is reflected in stock prices in the Iraqi markets Securities, through which the following question was asked: How does investment risk affect the efficienc
... Show MoreAt atmospheric pressure and at a frequency of 9.1 kHz, a constructed magnetically stabilized tornado gliding arc discharge (MSGAD) system was utilized in this study to generate a non-thermal plasma with an alternating voltage source from 2,4,6,8 to 10 kV. Argon gas was used to generate the arc plasma with an adjustable flow rate using a flow meter regulator to stabilize the gas flow rate to 2 L/min. A gliding plasma discharge is achieved by a magnetic field for the purpose of a planned investigation. The influence of the magnetically stabilized tornado gliding arc discharge parameters such as magnetic field and applied voltage on microscopic tornado plasma parameters was studied. The electron temperature1was measured using a Boltzmann plot
... Show MoreRecently, some of Iraq's newly constructed asphalt concrete pavements showed premature failures with significant negative impacts on roadway safety and the economy. Using Nano hydrated lime (NHL) in pavement construction could be one of the possible steps to improve pavement durability. This article discusses how NHL affects the durability of hot mix asphalt. NHL was added in two methods to the asphalt concrete mixture for the wearing course. The first is the dry method, i.e., on the aggregate, whereas the second is the wet addition method, i.e., to the bitumen. The percentages were tried for each additional method; 1, 2, and 3% by weight of aggregate for the dry method and 0.5, 1, and 1.5% by weight of asphalt concrete for the wet
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