Crop diseases are usually caused by inoculum of pathogens which might exist on alternate hosts or weeds as endophytes. These endophytes, cum pathogens, usually confer some beneficial attributes to these weeds or alternate hosts from protection against herbivores, disease resistance, stress tolerance to secondary metabolites production. This study was therefore carried out to isolate potential crop pathogens which exist as endophytes on weed species in the University of Ilorin plantations. Green asymptomatic leaves were collected from 10 weed species across the plantations, and processed for their endophytic fungi isolation. Isolates were purified into pure cultures and used for molecular identification using the internal transcribed spac

Experimental investigation of the influence of inserting the metal foam to the solar chimney to induce natural ventilation are described and analyzed in this work. To carry out the experimental test, two identical solar chimneys (without insertion of metal foam and with insertion of metal foam) are designed and placed facing south with dimensions of length× width× air gap (2 m× 1 m× 0.2 m). Four incline angles are tested (20^o,30^o,45^o,60^o) for each chimney in Baghdad climate condition (33.3^o latitude, 44.4^o longitude) on October, November, December 2018. The solar chimney performance is investigated by experimentally recording absorber pl

     PARP-1 is a protein enzyme with a major role in DNA repair that is overexpressed in many malignancies. It is correlated with susceptibility and metastasis to lymph nodes in gastric cancer (GC). The objective of the present investigation is to estimate PARP1 expression in patients with gastric cancer and detected if it could be used as a predictive marker. Furthermore, we aimed to find the correlation between PARP1 expression and clinicopathological parameters, such as gender, age, invasion depth, histopathological type, involvement of lymph nodes, grade, and stages of GC. This is a retrospective study from the period 2018-2020. Fifty randomly selected subjects (10 normal and 40 GC) were examined for formalin-fixe

Mechanical degradation hampers the practical usage of polymers for turbulent drag reduction
application. Mechanical degradation refers to the chemical process in which the activation energy of
polymer chain scission is exceeded by mechanical action on the polymer chain, and bond rupture
occurs. When a water-soluble polymer and surfactant are mixed in water solution, the specific structures
(aggregates) are formed, in which polymer film is formed around micelle. In this work, Xanthan gum (XG) –
Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SELS) complex formation and its effect on percentage viscosity reduction
(%VR) was studied. It was found that SELS surfactant reduced the mechanical degradation of XG much
more efficiently than th

To overcome  the  problems  which  associated  with  the standard  multiple  daily  doses (MDD)

of aminoglycosides (AGs) like high incidence of toxicity(nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity)(5-25%) and high cost, an alternative approach was developed which was single daily dose (SDD).This new regimen was designed to maximize bacterial killing by optimizing the peak concentration/minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)ratio and to reduce the potential for toxicity. The study includes 75 patients selected randomly, 50 of them received SDD regimen of age range of 17-79 years and the remaining received MDD regimen of age range of 13-71 years. The study was designed to evaluate the safety of SDD regim

To study the genetic effect of gestational diabetes mellitus by study IRS1gene expression in female with Gestational diabetes mellitus. It is characterized high level of blood glucose, especially during first trimester then increased during the 2^nd and 3^rd trimester of the pregnancy period. The blood samples taken from one hundred twenty healthy women and female with gestational diabetes mellitus in 3^rd trimester period of pregnancy, level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) also HbA1c% measured to diagnose GDM, in addition to lipid profile (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and VLDL), molecular study consist of RNA extraction and qRT- PCR for IRS1gene expression determination. The fasting blood glucose mg/

Background: Breast cancer is the leading female cancer worldwide and in Iraq .Some mutations, particularly in BRCA1, significantly increase the risk of the disease.
Objectives: To demonstrate the frequency of BRCA1 in a group of high risk women with “positive family history’’ of breast cancer; correlating the immune expression of BRCA1 with some parameters of known prognostic significance.
Patients and Methods: Eighty-two female patients diagnosed with breast cancer (50 familial and 32 non familial) were included in the study .The mean age of the patients was 48.07. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the BRCA1 oncogene expression, Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), Her 2 neu contents of the tumors.<

This paper presents a vibration suppression control design of cantilever beam using two piezoelectric ‎patches. One patch was used as ‎an actuator element, while the other was used as a sensor. The controller design was designed via the balance realization reduction method to elect the reduced order model that is most controllable and observable. ‎the sliding mode observer was designed to estimate six states from the reduced order model but three states are only used in the control law. Estimating a number of states larger than that used is in order to increase the estimation accuracy. Moreover, the state ‎estimation error is proved bounded. An ‎optimal LQR controller is designed then using the ‎estimated states with the slid

Background: type 1diabetes (T1DM) is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from  autoimmune  destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas, leading to permanent insulin deficiency ,categorized as either being positive or negative for various auto antibodies related to pancreatic function .An anti glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody(Anti-GAD) is recognized as one of the major serological markers for type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: to determine the prevalence of the immunological marker  (Anti-GAD) among a sample of type1diabetus mellitus patients and to identify some factors that might be associated with its seroposivity.

Method: