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Public budget System repair Targets Prepared Public Budget
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Require senior management of the state when developing the strategy the general budget to the clarity of the reasons that are based upon the ministries in the preparation of estimates of expenditure for the next year to justify the spending, and in the absence of targets, the ministry or government unit would not be in front, but be guided by the size of expenditure for the last year in addition to the percentage of represented an increase of appropriations required for the next year in light of the fiscal policy of the state, so the requested increase in appropriations to meet the desired increase in some of its activities and to meet the increase in salaries and prices. So must be available to the Ministry of criteria that could be relied upon to determine the estimated increase in spending as a result of the projected increase in some activities.

It is clear from this that the budget is the outcome of the economic studies of past and under which approval of long-term plan in the light of national objectives needs to be done by the ministries and mean that the budget estimates are derived from data flow from the higher managerial levels and in contrast to the traditional method where the starting estimate budget levels administrative world, then ascend to the levels of the Supreme Administrative Moreover, the programming goals made the programs a central part of the assessment and trade-offs and decision-making regardless of the management levels that are interested in the implementation of the program has been created this way the opportunity to connect the inputs (costs) and outputs (achievements or benefits) for each the program.

Supports the proposed model for this system in achieving the goals of government programs to link the state and assess their contribution to the level of macroeconomic and social components of a number of basic requirements which are marginal to the success of this system. And summed up the basic components of this system as follows:

  1. Formulation of goals and sub-quantitatively and qualitatively and temporally.
    2. Responsibilities for planning and Implementation and taking control.
    3. Develop standard benchmarks to achieve goals.
  2. Calendar periodic performance.

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
2019 2nd International Conference On Engineering Technology And Its Applications (iiceta)
Human Gait Identification System Based on Average Silhouette
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 04 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Coastal Conservation
Solar system planetary alignment triggers tides and earthquakes
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 31 2014
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal For Computers And Informatics
Gate Control System for New Iraqi License Plate
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This paper presents an approach to license plate localization and recognition. A proposed method is designed to control the opening of door gate based on the recognition of the license plates number in Iraq. In general the system consists of four stages; Image capturing, License plate cropping, character segmentation and character recognition. In the first stage, the vehicle photo is taken from standard camera placed on the door gate with a specific distance from the front of vehicle to be processed by our system. Then, the detection method searches for the matching of the license plate in the image with a standard plate. The segmentation stage is performed by is using edge detection. Then character recognition, done by comparing with templ

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Bulletin Of Electrical Engineering And Informatics
Global virtual teams management system: project manager guide
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Global virtual teams (GVTs) are a recent organizational adaptation created to meet the needs of globalizatized marketplace. GVTs are essentially teams that are distributed across national boundaries and concerned through advanced information and communication technology (ICT) such as email, instant messaging, and video conferencing. The research on GVTs is important in the information system (IS) field because GVTs are dependent on information communication technology and the use of other technologies; GVTs also consists of people from different cultures. This paper tried to answer two research questions. The first one is: what are the GVTs problems facing the project manager (PM). A literature review was conducted to answer the fir

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Emergency Fuel Rationing system using RFID Smart Cards
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Rationing is a commonly used solution for shortages of resources and goods that are vital for the citizens of a country. This paper identifies some common approaches and policies used in rationing as well asrisks that associated to suggesta system for rationing fuelwhichcan work efficiently. Subsequently, addressing all possible security risks and their solutions. The system should theoretically be applicable in emergency situations, requiring less than three months to implement at a low cost and minimal changes to infrastructure.

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 15 2019
Journal Name
Proceedings Of The International Conference On Information And Communication Technology
Hybrid LDPC-STBC communications system based on chaos
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 11 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Mechanical Engineering Research And Developments
INDUSTRIAL TRACKING CAMERA AND PRODUCT VISION DETECTION SYSTEM
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Ieee Transactions On Computers
Neuromorphic System for Spatial and Temporal Information Processing
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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Characterization of Magnetized-Plasma System Induced by Laser
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  This study investigated the effect of applying an external magnetic field on the characteristics of laser-induced plasma, such as its parameters plasma, magnetization properties, emission line intensities, and plasma coefficients, for plasma induced from zinc oxide: aluminum composite (ZO:AL) at an atomic ratio of 0.3 %. Plasma properties include magnetization and emission line intensities. The excitation was done by a pulsed laser of Nd:YAG with 400 mJ energy at atmospheric pressure. Both the electron temperature and number density were determined with the help of the Stark effect principle and the Boltzmann-Plot method. There was a rise in the amount of (ne) and (Te) that was produced

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Quality of Audit Work Under Expert System
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The research aims to extrapolate the repercussions of the use of expert systems in the work of the external auditor on the quality of audit, as the research problem was that despite the use of these techniques in audit work, there is a problem related to the efficiency and effectiveness of these technological systems used in audit work, the feasibility of their use and the extent of their impact: The quality of the audit process.

The researchers adopted the questionnaire as a tool for collecting study data from a community composed of auditors in auditing offices and companies in Iraq, and the auditors of the Iraqi Federal Financial Supervision Bureau. The number of recovered and valid qu

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