The Yamama Formation is characterized by a wide geographic extension of southern Iraq. Microfacies analysis of this formation was studied in six wells distributed in six fields: Fayhaa, Sindbad, Siba, Zubair, Ratawi and West Qurna. This research aims to determine paleoenvironments by diagnosing biofacies and lithofacies. Miscellaneous marine fauna of foraminifera and calcareous algae, mainly green algae (dasycladacean.) and skeletal bioclasts from gastropods, pelecypods, bryozoans, sponge spicules, and echinoderms were found. Petrographic studies and well logs interpretations led to the identification of five main Microfacies ( Mudstone, Wackestone, Packestone, Grainestone and Rudstone and twelve submicrofacies (Foraminiferal-

Zygnematales an order of green algae in Shaqlawa District Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, has been studied in eighteen sites, distributed between twelve springs and six along the streams within Shaqlawa district from September2019 to August2020. A total of 116 species belonging to 9 genera were identified. The most dominant genera included Spirogyra and Cosmarium (31, 30) taxa respectively. Out of them, 30 species were recorded for the first time in Iraq. Newly found genera included one species each for Cylindrocystis, Debarya, Hallasia and Staurastrum, nine species belonged to Mougeotia

This study has been focused on the detection of phenolic compound in aerial parts (stem and leaves)of the species belonging the genus Arabis L. A.Caucasica Willd, A.Sagittata (Bertol)DC, A.Aucheri Boiss, A.nova Vill of family cruciferou (Brassicaceae) which were collected during field trips of the districted of Iraq. Phenolic compounds have been identified by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Nine standard compounds used for comparison five of them flavonoids ( Rutin, Quercetin, kaempferol, Luteolin and Apigenin) and the other phenolic acid ( Chlorogenic acid, Caffeic acid, Ferulic acid and Rosmarinic acid) , results showed that species vary in containing phenolic compound which can be counted as a taxonomic evidence s

Trials were carried out in the middle of Iraq ( 3 different sites ) during 2009 to detecation and determined the seasonal occurrence of Agriotes lineatus L. Three YATOR funnel traps were used in each of these sites which baited with the specific pheromone of A. lineatus from the first of March to the end of October in the College of Agriculture - Abu- Ghraib / Provenance of Baghdad and AL-Nile / Provenance of Babylon , while in AL-Radhwania was used through May- June. Pheromone dispenser were changed every 6 weeks in each of these traps . Males of A. lineatus were found in all of the three sites , and the total number capture were 208 , 897 and 57 male / 3 traps / season in College of Agriculture , AL-Nile and AL-Radhwania respectiv

Abstract: In recent times, global attention has increasingly focused on the critical issue of environmental sustainability, owing to escalating environmental degradation exacerbated by the utilization of green spaces and technological innovation. This phenomenon necessitates thorough examination, prompting the present study to scrutinize the impact of various factors, namely green spaces, technological innovation, environmental taxes, renewable energy consumption (REC), inflation, and economic growth (EG), on environmental sustainability within the context of Iraq. Secondary data extracted from the World Development Indicators (WDI) spanning the period from 1991 to 2022 served as the foundation for this investigation. Methodologically, the

Various theories have been proposed since in last century to predict the first sighting of a new crescent moon. None of them uses the concept of machine and deep learning to process, interpret and simulate patterns hidden in databases. Many of these theories use interpolation and extrapolation techniques to identify sighting regions through such data. In this study, a pattern recognizer artificial neural network was trained to distinguish between visibility regions. Essential parameters of crescent moon sighting were collected from moon sight datasets and used to build an intelligent system of pattern recognition to predict the crescent sight conditions. The proposed ANN learned the datasets with an accuracy of more than 72% in comp

In our research, several different Statics solutions have been implemented in the processing of seismic data in the south of Iraq for (2D) line seismic survey (AK18)  of Abu-khama project with length 32.4 Km and their corresponding results have been compared in order to find optimum static solutions. The static solutions based on the tomographic-principle or combining the low frequency components of field statics with high frequency ones of refraction statics can provide a reasonable static solution for seismic data in the south of Iraq. The quality of data was bad and unclear in the seismic signal, but after applying field statics there is an enhancement of data quality. The Residual static correction improved the qualities of seis

The major objective of this paper is to recognize the flow units of Yamama Formation in the west Qurna oil field, south of Iraq. To attain this objective, four wells namely, WQ-23, WQ-148, WQ-60, and WQ-203 are selected and analyzed. The two techniques hat proposed by some scientists to identify flow units are tested and verified. Results are also enhanced using well logs interpretation and the flow areas are proposed through the studying of the behavior of different well logs. Results of applying the two proposed techniques identify six flow reservoir units for the wells WQ-23, WQ-148, WQ-60, and WQ-203, respectively. This study also shows that the flow reservoir properties in the Yamama Formation improved towards the northeast of the W

This study deals with establishing the depositional environment of the Fatha Formation through facies analysis. It also deals with dividing the formation into units based on the rhythmic nature. Data from selected shallow wells near Hit area and deep wells at East Baghdad Oil field are used. Five major lithofacies are recognized in this study, namely, greenish grey marl, limestone, gypsum (and/or anhydrite), halite and reddish brown mudstone (with occasional sandstone).The limestone lithofacies is divided into three microfacies: Gastropods bioclastic wackestone microfacies, Gastropods peloidal bioclastic packstone, and Foraminiferal packstone microfacies.The lithofacies of the Fatha are nested in a rhythmic pattern or what is known as sh

This study includes six species related to the genus Echinops L. (composite) grown in Iraq which are listed below: E.armatus Boiss. & Hausskn., E. bicolor Nabelek, E. cephalotes DC., E.haussknechtii Boiss., E. moulensis Rech., E. nitens Bornm., the geographical distribution and ecological preferences' were documented.
It has been also observed that this genus was distributed near waterfalls, vallies, road side, dry limestone, clay soil and hard rocky soil in Different heights. The most separated species was E.armatus and the least separated one was E.haussknechtii, the species was listed in diagram and distributed on a map.