This paper contains an equivalent statements of a pre-  space, where  are considered subsets of with the product topology. An equivalence relation between the preclosed set  and a pre-  space, and a relation between a pre-  space and the preclosed set  with some conditions on a function  are found. In addition, we have proved that the graph  of  is preclosed in if  is a pre-  space, where the equivalence relation  on  is open.

     On the other hand, we introduce the definition of a pre-stable ( pre-stable) set by depending on the concept of a pre-neighborhood, where we get that every stable set is pre-stable. Moreover, we obtain that

This study is concerned with the comparison of the results of some tests of passing and dribbling of the basketball of tow different years between teams of chosen young players in Baghdad. Calculative methods were used namely (Arithmetic mean, Value digression and T.test for incompatible specimens). After careful calculative treatments, it has been that there were abstract or no abstract differences in the find results of chestpass, highdribble and cross-over dribble. The clubs were: (Al-Khark, Air defence, Police and Al-Adamiyah) each one separate from the other for the year (2000-2001). After all that many findings were reached such as the lack of objective valuation (periodical tests) between one sport season and the other. In the light

The objective of this study was to investigate and compare among five different methods of contraception including combined oral contraceptive pills (COC), Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), copper Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), vaginal spermicides and male condom used in Hawler City through estimate of their effect, relative failure rate, percentage of use, adherence and compliance and adverse effects of each contraceptive method. In order to reach to these aims, a retrospective study was conducted in Hawler City in Azadi Health Care Center over a period of 6 months from 22^th November, 2010 to 15^th May, 2011 during which data collection and subjects follow up for 3 months had been achieved. A conv

This research is a new reading of some of the words in the Holy Quran, which is very old. It is a human reading in which religions are intertwined by recognizing the relationship between man and his fellow man in the unity of existence and the unity of the source of religions and the unity of language. The importance of this research in comparing some of the Arabic words has been contained among books believed by followers that it is from the one God Sunday.

When words are spoken in one way in the form of one creature, from the beginning of creation to the present day, this indicates the single origin of the languages..

The research tools were books of heavenly religions, the Quran, dictionaries and interpretations.

Since the introduction of the HTTP/3, research has focused on evaluating its influences on the existing adaptive streaming over HTTP (HAS). Among these research, due to irrelevant transport protocols, the cross-protocol unfairness between the HAS over HTTP/3 (HAS/3) and HAS over HTTP/2 (HAS/2) has caught considerable attention. It has been found that the HAS/3 clients tend to request higher bitrates than the HAS/2 clients because the transport QUIC obtains higher bandwidth for its HAS/3 clients than the TCP for its HAS/2 clients. As the problem originates from the transport layer, it is likely that the server-based unfairness solutions can help the clients overcome such a problem. Therefore, in this paper, an experimental study of the se

The present paper addresses one of the most challenging topics in translation; namely legal translation in the framework of two different approaches; the classical (formal) and the more recent (functional). The latter approach is the outcome of the process of simplifying legal language known technically as Plain Language Movement. The advent of this movement dates back to the 1950s, in response to the widely-held complain about the awkwardness of the legal register. Within this framework, the salient features of legal language, at the various linguistic and textual levels, underwent reconsideration in favor of more publicly digested expressions. The paper then subjects two translations of a lease contract to analysis in the ligh

Investments in shares represent an essential component of companies’ assets and a source of profit making resources. These investments are linked to the areas of trading and speculation, which is reflected on their market value, which makes accounting for and evaluating these investments require their own accounting standards, and thus several international standards were issued regarding this as well as a statement of their impact on growth Sustainable, as the research problem is to show the impact of measuring investments in shares according to international accounting and financial reporting standards on the sustainable growth of economic units, the research sample and its reflection on audit procedures. In accordance with i

This study deals with thirty non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy in addition to twenty five healthy control.Some biochemical parameters were determined in the serum of all subjects enrolled in the study.These parameters are serum glucose,serum urea,serum creatinine,total serum protein and serum albumin.The aim of the present study was to estimate these parameters in diabetic nephropathy patients. The results of the present study revealed a significant increase in glucose,urea and creatinine in patients as compared to controls . Also a significant decrease was found in total serum protein, serum albumin and albumin to globulin ratio (A/G) in patients compared to controls,whi