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The impact of governmental consumer spending on the development of the current account balance in Iraq for the period (1990-2014) using ARDL model
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To avoid the negative effects due to inflexibility of the domestic production inresponse to the increase in government consumption expenditure leads to more  imports to meet the increase in domestic demand resulting from the increase in government consumption expenditure. Since the Iraqi economy economy yield unilateral depends on oil revenues to finance spending, and the fact government consumer spending is a progressive high flexibility the increase in overall revenues, while being a regressive flexibility is very low in the event of reduced public revenues, and therefore lead to a deficit in the current account position. And that caused the deficit for imbalance are the disruption of the structure of government spending in favor of consumer spending and the disruption of the current account structure, as the export of a single commodity is oil from which to finance the spending offset by a wide range of imports that are brought to a large portion of this spending it.

Therefore research aims to determine the impact of government consumer spending on the development of the current account balance in light of increased government spending, through the reality of government consumer spending analysis and structure of the current account in Iraq, measure and analyze the impact of government consumer spending on the development of the current account balance during the study period (1990- 2014), has been using Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model(ARDL), because of this form of advantages is the suitability for small samples and data of stationtary in the first-difference or the level or a combination of the two, a researcher has reached to the existence of a long-term positive relationship between spending government consumption and the deficit current account balance, as the increase in government consumption expenditure (1%) lead to increased current account deficit by (0.25%). The increase in consumer spending, the government and one unit (million I.D) has led to the increase of imports of goods and services by (0.58) unit (million I.D) in the short term and by (1.16) (million I.D) in the long term.

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
The International Journal Of Central Banking
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE BUILDING IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
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This study aims at identifying the correlation between digital transformation and knowledge building in educational institutions, as well as finding the influence relationship between digital transformation and knowledge building in educational institutions and knowing the dimensions of digital transformation that have the most impact in improving the level of knowledge building, and by adopting the methodological descriptive analysis method in the Ministry of Education. Education and educational institutions in Baghdad. This research deals with digital transformation as an independent variable according to two dimensions (digital adaptability and digital readiness). Knowledge building was adopted as an approved variable using the s

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 02 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Spectroscopic Behaviour of Rhodamine 6G in Liquid and Solid Solutions
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Absorption, fluorescence, quantum yield and lifetime of rhodamine 6G in chloroform, methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide were measured. From a comparison of these quantities, with those for solid solutions (solid solutions are obtained by mixing constant volume proportions of dye at a concentration of 1*10-4M/l with different volume proportions from the concentrated solution of polymer in chloroform and dimethyl sulfoxide). The results showed that the addition of polymer to liquid concentrated solutions (1*10-4M/l )of rhodamine 6G dye from expecting [which leading to development active medium for laser dye at high concentration] increase the spectra shift toward high energies, and the luminescence quantum yield but decreasing radiative lifetim

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 22 2023
Journal Name
Nasaq Journal
The language of diplomats in modern Russian (stylistic and educational aspect(
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This article is devoted to the stylistic and educational characteristics of the language of Russian diplomacy. The article describes the stylistic and educational aspect of the appearance of the Russian protocol, its relation to universal diplomacy, the relationship between the diplomatic language and the business sub-style. Here the semantic features of the diplomatic vocabulary are determined and the factors influencing its formation and the emergence of new terms in the language of Russian diplomacy are considered. The article also examines the national and cultural identity of the language of Russian diplomacy, provides rules for drafting diplomatic documents and conducting negotiations, defines the concept of a document as a whole, giv

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Estimation of Ig/M & IgG values in the serum atfer intravenois
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the present study is designed to evaluate the effect of low level laser irradiation on the immume system when administere intravenoisly

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 02 2023
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
THE SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF PHRASAL VERBS IN AMERICAN AND BRITISH TEXTS
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Publication Date
Sat Aug 21 2021
Journal Name
مجلة الدراسات المستدامة
A Linguistic Study of Comment Clauses in the American Series “Friends “
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The present study is a linguistic study of comment clauses in the American Series „Friends‟ .Comment clauses refer to those clauses which comment on the content of the main clause or the attitude of the speaker towards the way of speaking .The problem of this study is to answer the following questions ; what types of comment clauses can be used in the face- to –face conversations , for what functions these comment clauses could be used , and how these comment clauses are used by the participants of these conversations . This study is a qualitative one . The study aims to investigate the types of comment clauses used in the American Series “Friends‟. The study also aims to investigate the pragmatic functions of these comment clause

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 18 2019
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The state of Vitamin D in Iraqi Patients With Parkinson Disease
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Background: A role for vitamin D deficiency in Parkinson disease (PD) has recently been suggested.

Objective:: To estimate the state of vitamin D in PD with an age-matched healthy control.

Type of the study: A case control study.

Method: The study randomly comparison of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) concentrations of collected samples in a clinical neurology department ward / Baghdad teaching hospital / Medical City and Parkinson disease movement disorder clinic. Participants were registered into the study from October 2015 to October 2016. We was study   serum vitamin D level in 40 consecutive patients with

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Survey In Fisheries Sciences
Evaluation of the Serum Asprosin Levels in Patients with Double Diabetes
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Background : Double diabetes (DD) is the term used to describe situations in which a patient exhibits characteristics that are a combination of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) a large epidemiological study found that 25.5% of people with T1D also had the metabolic syndrome. A new protein hormone called asprosin is predominantly released by white adipose tissue. It was initially discovered in 2016 . Asprosin is important diagnoses marker for insulin resistant in diabetes patients ,additionally is very important denotation about early diagnoses of type 2 diabetes. Objectives: The current study aims to find predictive significance of diagnosis a double diabetes by evaluating the asprosin in the blood serum of

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 24 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
THE ROLE OF IFN- γ AND TNF- α IN EXPERIMENTAL MASTITIS
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This study was design to characterize the immune response in experimentally Pseudomonas aeruginosa mastitis mice treated probiotic bifidocin and cazacin of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus casei. We quantified the level of the IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines in blood by ELISA technique. IFN-γ level was significantly higher in infected group compared to control (340.21 ± 41.61, 8.45 ± 0.83 pg/ml, respectively). While the level of IFN-γ was significantly higher in mastitis mice than bifidocin and cazacin treated mice. Also, TNF-α level showed a significant increase in mastitis mice compared to controls (320.11±40.33, 8.45±0.83pg/ml, respectively). Among mastitis and bifidocin (9 and 18 mg/ml), cazacin (11 and 22 mg/ml) treate

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2011
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Excessive crying in infancy; value of the history and physical examination
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Background: Excessive crying in early
infancy is a common condition that causes a
great deal of concern to the parents and
physician.
Objective: The aim of this study is to find
the underlying etiology of excessive crying in
infancy and to determine how the history,
physical examination, and laboratory
investigations contribute to the final diagnosis.
Method: A prospective study done on 150
afebrile infants less than 4 months of age
visited Al-Elwia hospital for children
complaining of excessive crying of more than
two hours.
The study done over a one year period from
the first of January 2009 to the end of
December 2009.
All febrile infants and those with acute illness
preceding the

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