Species of genus Chrotogonus (surface grasshoppers) are phytophagous and damaging to various economical important plants in their seedling stages. In order to know the biodiversity of surface grasshoppers, the detailed study has been conducted from four provinces of Pakistan. During this study, biodiversity, taxonomy, diagnosis, morphometric analysis, habitat, global distribution, and remarks of each species have been described. Total of 826 specimens were collected and sorted out into three species and three subspecies: C. (Chrotogonus) homalodemus homalodemus (Blanchard, 1836), C. (Chrotogonus) homalodemus (Blanchard, 1836), C. (Chrotogonus) trachypter

Let G be a graph with p vertices and q edges and  be an injective function, where k is a positive integer. If the induced edge labeling   defined by for each is a bijection, then the labeling f is called an odd Fibonacci edge irregular labeling of G. A graph which admits an odd Fibonacci edge irregular labeling is called an odd Fibonacci edge irregular graph. The odd Fibonacci edge irregularity strength ofes(G) is the minimum k for which G admits an odd Fibonacci edge irregular labeling. In this paper, the odd Fibonacci edge irregularity strength for some subdivision graphs and graphs obtained from vertex identification is determined.

Abstract

                 This research aims to define the roles of auditors by clarifying the concept and risks of cyber security in protecting information and financial data in economic units. Najaf, Babylon and Karbala, then the results were analyzed and the results were presented and analyzed to show that adopting cyber security improves the quality of reports Finance through what it achieves in displaying information with credibility and transparency, in a way that suits the needs of users, and cyber security has a role in managing economic resources more effectively to obtain benefits that would have been lost in the event of an

In today's world the role of leadership in the control factors of the organization different and advancement, and that the possession of the human ability to the development and creation and innovation varies from one individual to another depending on experience; and levels of performance and intellectual; and his mental and physical and other such factors can create a kind of differentiation between the built humans, and this distinction creates our leaders are able to influence others and have the wisdom and connect active individuals and organizations. as the need for organizations of all sizes and levels of leadership transformation is an urgent need to link the application of the various plans and strategies device which direction

In today's world the role of leadership in the control factors of the organization different and advancement, and that the possession of the human ability to the development and creation and innovation varies from one individual to another depending on experience; and levels of performance and intellectual; and his mental and physical and other such factors can create a kind of differentiation between the built humans, and this distinction creates our leaders are able to influence others and have the wisdom and connect active individuals and organizations. as the need for organizations of all sizes and levels of leadership transformation is an urgent need to link the application of the various plans and strategies device which direction

This research addresses: Sharh Usul Al-Bazdawi "Explanation of the Fundamentals for Al-Bazdawi", by studying and investigating, from the beginning of prohibition chapter to its end. The researcher conducted a study about this book stating its significance and introducing the compiler and the commentator. The researcher as well mentioned that the prohibition has a special formula and requires repetition, and he went on explaining that prohibition according to Hanafis does not require absolute corruption of the prohibited matter unless based on an evidence, and that what is condemned as wrong act for itself is considered void and what is condemned as wrong act for external reasons is considered corrupt accor

In this study, the acid-alkaline transesterification of refined coconut seed oil (RCOSO) to fatty acid methyl ester was followed by the production of a trimethylolpropane-based thermosensitive biolubricant using potassium hydroxide, and its physicochemical characteristics were evaluated. The American Standard Test for Materials (ASTM) was employed to ascertain the biolubricant's pour point and index of viscosity, which were found to be -4 ^oC and 283.75, respectively. The opposite connection between lubricant viscosity and temperature was shown by the measured viscosities at varied transesterification to be transformed into biodiesel. Following this, a biolubricant was created by further transesterifiedtemperature. The ester gr

يهدف البحث ابر تحديد نقاط الاختناق من خلال تحديد القيود التي تعترض عمل الشركة وبالتالي معالجتها من خلال تطبيق خطوات نظرية القيود والتي تمثل اداة فاعلة تساعد في التخلص من نقاط الاختناق وجدولة تلك القيود

The search is contain compared among some order selection criteria  (FPE,AIC,SBC,H-Q) for the Model first order  Autoregressive when the White Noise is follow Normal distribution and some of non Gaussian distributions (Log normal, Exponential and Poisson distribution ) by using Simulation