Games engagement has become one of the main concerns in game industry. Early study revealed that Malaysian digital traditional games are suffering with the same issue due to several factors. One of it is the lack of the game itself. Although many Malaysian traditional games have been digitized, none of them has incorporated rewards despite its importance in games engagement. Realizing the importance of rewards in games engagement, one of Malaysian traditional Congkak has been chosen to be enhanced by incorporating rewards. Experiments have been conducted among 50 gamers among the Millennials. Prior interview, game demo and human test are conducted. Experiments focused on the influence of rewards on games flow, games challenge, and its ef

         Over the last few decades, many instructors have been trying all kinds of teaching methods, but without benefit. Nevertheless, in the 1986, a new technique is appeared which called K-W-L technique, it  is specified for reading comprehension passages because reading  skill is not easy matter for students for specific purposes (ESP).therefore, the K-W-L technique is a good one for thinking and experiences. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follows" it is hypothesized that there are no significant differences between the achievements of students who are taught according to K-W-L technique and those who are taught according to the traditional method

In spite of the disappearing of a clear uniform textbook for teaching ESP at different departments and different colleges in both scientific and humanistic studies, the practitioners at those departments and colleges have to teach translation as one of the important requirements to pass the English language exam. The lack of defined translation activities is a noticeable problem therefore; the problem of teaching translation is diagnosed in that the students lack the ability to comprehend the text in English language and other translation knowledge and skills.

The study aims to suggest a translation strategy and then find out the effect of the translation strategy on ESP learners’ achievement in translation. A sample of 50 stud

لا يتسع هنا المجال لأستعراض كامل الخلفيات التاريخية التي انتجت اوضاعنا الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية المتأزمة الحالية، وجل ما يمكن قوله هو ان الشعب العراقي وخلال ما يربو على ربع قرن لم يحصد سوى عدد من الحروب والعقوبات الدولية فالازمات التي ولدت الرعب والجوع المستمر للشعب حتى يومنا هذا.

لقد كان الاقتصاد الوطني اول واكبر المتضررين من تلك الازمات ومن سياسات الدولة غير العقلانية فكانت ال

لا تحصى تلك الكتابات والمؤلفات التي تناولت اخلاقيات الاعمال (Business ethics) لكن الورقة الحالية التي سنقوم مخلصين بنقلها للعربية ليست مثلها أية مقالة قرأناها، فهي متفردة في اثارتها للموضوع في اطار الطروحات الفكرية لبعض رواد علم الادارة من المؤسسين الذين برزت شهرتهم في مرحلة ستينات القرن العشرين، وهم:

• W. Taylor
• I. Barnard
• F. Drucker

ABSTRACT

The Iraqi Government had used all Possible methods of financing the fiscal deficit according to the economic and Political Circumstances at the time. It had borrowed from abroad during the 1980_s. Those methods of borrowing led to negative impacts on the Iraqi economy such as increased external dept burden, higher inflation rate, negative interest rate and accumulation of domestic debt.

The "Financial Management and Public Debt" law no 95/ 2004 made a great change in those methods of Financing fiscal deficit in Iraq. Before 2004, the deficit was financed by issuing Treasury Bills and selling them to the Central Bank of Iraq with a prefixed interest rate. Thus, i

Management is considered as most important resource of the society ones in modern era and an exchange
point in societies’ lives in order to achieve its goals and wishes. So far, management behinds the new
electronic society has become different in shape and nature due to the force of the nature of information
technology that shapes the relationships between the world’s individuals at the national level but it goes
beyond the international ones. The study aims at identifying the impact of the electronic management’s
components upon the improvement of the quality of nursing care in Baghdad’s hospitals. The descriptive
design, with a sample-survey approach, is used as appropriate ones for the field study of social

تلعب السياسة النقدية دوراً فاعلاً ومتميزاً في تحقيق معدلات نمو عالية وتحقيق الاستقرار والتوازن الاقتصادي وبالاخص الحد من ظاهرة التضخم.

يمكن حصر اهداف السياسة النقدية في الدول النامية والعربية خصوصاً من خلال التعرف على الاغراض المنصوص عليها في التشريعات وتشمل (تحقيق استقرار نقدي، المحافظة على قيمة العملة، تشجيع النمو الاقتصادي، تطوير الاسواق المالية والنقدية، استقرار الاسعار، تحقيق ال

The culture of the daily necessities of life of the individual in any society, whether advanced or simple, and the concept of multiple aspects of culture, including what is culture and education there holds that art is culture, and there are those who are classified according to human societies .. Some also go to it is not related to the study and learning .. And has been Iraq as a symbol of Arab culture, but they declined because of what passed by political crises and social in its modern history, and aims Current search to study culture psychological, political and social among the students of the university after the U.S. occupation of Iraq, the researcher prepared a questionnaire and after hold the appropriate statistical met