It has become clear to see the role of the small and medium enterprises in the economy, and for the continuity of these projects it is necessary to supply finance from the banks, How ever the latter suffers risk of lending.                                                                          

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The analysis of the classic principal components are sensitive to the outliers where they are calculated from the characteristic values and characteristic vectors of correlation matrix or variance Non-Robust, which yields an incorrect results in the case of these data contains the outliers values. In order to treat this problem, we resort to use the robust methods where there are many robust methods Will be touched to some of them.

   The robust measurement estimators include the measurement of direct robust estimators for characteristic values by using characteristic vectors without relying on robust estimators for the   variance and covariance matrices. Also the analysis of the princ

            In recent years, there has been expanding development in the vehicular part and the number of vehicles moving on the roads in all the sections of the country. Arabic vehicle number plate identification based on image processing is a dynamic area of this work; this technique is used for security purposes such as tracking of stolen cars and access control to restricted areas. The License Plate Recognition System (LPRS) exploits a digital camera to capture vehicle plate numbers is used as input to the proposed recognition system. Basically, the proposed system consists of three phases, vehicle license plate localization, character segmentation, and character recognition, the

تناول البحث موضوع أثر تمكين المرأة على تحقيق أبعاد التنمية المستدامة وتحسين الأداء المؤسسي،  ويُعدُّ من المواضيع المهمة؛ لأنَّه يمثِّل قضية اجتماعية ورؤًى جديدة لتحقيق التنمية الشاملة، وتمثلت مشكلة البحث بقلة الاهتمام بتمكين المرأة في بعض الوحدات الاقتصادية؛ ممَّا يؤثِّر سلباً على تحقيق التوازن الاقتصادي والثقافي والاجتماعي والبيئي، فضلاً عن انخفاض كفاءة الأداء الوظيفي في تلك الوحدات الاقتصادية؛ ل

إن تقنين مدة الراحة أثناء العملية التدريبية للرياضي لها أهمية كبيرة في قدرتهم على استيعاب الأحمال التدريبية، كما إن تحديد مدة الراحة و طبيعتها و التخطيط لها يعتمد على قابلية الرياضي الفيسيولوجية و مستوى الآداء المطلوب و هذا يتوقف على تحديد مدة الراحة البينية بين التكرارات ، كما أن طول مدة الراحة يجب أن يتناسب مع إمكانية الرياضي لغرض التعويض و استجماع القوى المناسبة لأداء أو تكرار الحمل بنفس الشدة ، و الاحتفا

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are obtaining a significant role in handling strategic applications in which data are organized as records of multiple layers in a database. Furthermore, GIS provide multi-functions like data collection, analysis, and presentation. Geographic information systems have assured their competence in diverse fields of study via handling various problems for numerous applications. However, handling a large volume of data in the GIS remains an important issue. The biggest obstacle is designing a spatial decision-making framework focused on GIS that manages a broad range of specific data to achieve the right performance. It is very useful to support decision-makers by providing GIS-based decision support syste

          The primary objective of this paper is to improve a biometric authentication and classification model using the ear as a distinct part of the face since it is unchanged with time and unaffected by facial expressions. The proposed model is a new scenario for enhancing ear recognition accuracy via modifying the AdaBoost algorithm to optimize adaptive learning. To overcome the limitation of image illumination, occlusion, and problems of image registration, the Scale-invariant feature transform technique was used to extract features. Various consecutive phases were used to improve classification accuracy. These phases are image acquisition, preprocessing, filtering, smoothing, and feature extraction. To assess the proposed

      Products’ quality inspection is an important stage in every production route, in which the quality of the produced goods is estimated and compared with the desired specifications. With traditional inspection, the process rely on manual methods that generates various costs and large time consumption. On the contrary, today’s inspection systems that use modern techniques like computer vision, are more accurate and efficient. However, the amount of work needed to build a computer vision system based on classic techniques is relatively large, due to the issue of manually selecting and extracting features from digital images, which also produces labor costs for the system engineers.

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The researcher highlighted the general budget in Iraq for the period (2003-2018) facing the challenges of administrative and financial corruption, in addition to the fluctuations in oil prices, the repercussions and many problems suffered and will suffer the Iraqi government in the process of preparing the general budget of the state and weak contribution of the agricultural and industrial sectors and other economic sectors and neglect altogether, oil has become the main supplier in funding Iraq's budget after 2003, and the impact on the unemployment rates in Iraq, which recorded fluctuating rates and then increased during the period (2012-2018) to achieve this, an inductive method was adopted, using theoretical and descriptive a