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دراسة في مصداقية العائد على الاستثمار كمؤشر مالي لأسهم الشركات المدرجة في أسواق البورصة
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لطالما تُبنى قرارات الاستثمار في أسهم الشركات المدرجة في أسواق البورصة على خلفية المؤشرات المالية لها والتي عادةً مايتم إصدارها في نشرات سنوية معتمدة من قبل تلك الاسواق، إذ غالباً مايقوم المحللون الماليون بالاستعانه بها لتوجيه المستثمرين لإتخاذ القرارات المتعلقة بشراء أو بيع أسهم هذه الشركات.

لكنه على الرغم من ذلك تحدث إنهيارات كبيرة في أسواق البورصة بين فترة وآخرى وخير مثال على ذلك ما أصاب بعض شركات البورصة الأمريكية بداية القرن الحالي نتيجة التلاعب الذي حصل في البيانات المحاسبية لبعض هذه الشركات وماصاحبها من تغطية من قبل شركات التدقيق المتواطئه مع إدارات تلك الشركات.

كانت شركات التكنولوجية الأمريكية أهم الشركات المعنية بذلك إذ أدى الإنخفاض الملحوظ في قيمة أسهمها إلى هبوط إقتصادي مفاجئ، حيث شكلت خسائر أسهمها لعام 2001 مانسبته
60 % من القيمة السوقية الإجمالية للأسهم التي تمتلكها 280 شركة تعمل في هذا المجال([1]).

وتجلت الفضائح المحاسبية بعد إفلاس شركة كيوويست للإتصالات وانرون وتايكو وغلوبال ترومسينغ وورد كوم. والشركة الأخيرة تعتبر من كبريات الشركات الرائدة في قطاع الإتصالات الإمريكية ولديها حوالي 50 مليون عميل.

ومن بين تلك الفضائح إكتشاف مخالفات حسابية قدرت بحوالي 3.85 مليار دولار لعام 2001 والفصل الأول من عام 2002 متضمنه تحويل بين حسابات داخلية بلغت 3.055 مليار دولار لعام 2001 و797مليون دولار لعام 2002، الأمر الذي تطلب محاسبة شركات التدقيق في حينه والتوصية بالإعتماد على المعايير الدولية.

لم تتوقف إنهيارات أسواق رأس المال وأهمها ماحدث في أسواق بورصة الخليج كسوق السعودية ودبي عام 2006 ولم يكن السبب هذه المرة مخالفات أو فضائح محاسبية كما حدث في الشركات الأمريكية السالفة الذكر، مما يستدعي وقفه لدراسة أسباب ذلك والتي من أهمها حسب رأينا البحث في مصداقية المؤشرات المالية التي تعتمد من قبل المستثمرين في إتخاذ قراراتهم.

 

 

 

(1)  يوسف عبد الله الزيدي، ومحمد بركه العتبي، المحاسبة ودوامة آنرون، جامعة الملك سعود     

www. Ksuqassem.org

                                      

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2017
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The role of the media in promoting tolerant religious values: intellectual study
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Research summary

Informing means informing and informing, which is conveying information to someone and confirming his narration with it. Accordingly, information is its main content..and it has multiple means, including visual, audio and read, and it has become the dominant role in the process of socialization, and much of what we hear, read, or watch in the media is not devoid of a goal, and expresses that scientifically as “charged with values” ( Value Loaded)..Values that are: the set of beliefs that the individual holds towards things, meanings, and various aspects of activity, which direct his desires and attitudes towards them, and determine for him acceptable and unacceptable behavior, right and wrong, and all of this

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 05 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Statistical Methods for Controlling the Quality of Crude Oil Products in Iraq
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The purpose of this study is to measure the levels of quality control for some crude oil products in Iraqi refineries, and how they are close to the international standards, through the application of statistical methods in quality control of oil products in Iraqi refineries. Where the answers of the study sample were applied to a group of Iraqi refinery employees (Al-Dora refinery, Al-Nasiriyah refinery, and Al-Basra refinery) on the principles of quality management control, and according to the different personal characteristics (gender, age, academic qualification, number of years of experience, job level). In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire that included (12) items, in order to collect preliminary inform

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
What came as a language in the book to explain Ibn Aqeel on Alfiya Ibn malek
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It is found in the book "Ibn Aqeel: Alfiya Ibn Malek" that there are some linqustical aspected are related to the native tribal speakers like Tamim or Tie or some others. Sometimes in the book he said "some Arabian said without mentioning the name of the tribe.
As weel, he hasn’t mentioned the accent but he does mention the language. In the book, he has brought back the most important and the biqqest Arabian tribes suchas tribes of Hegaz, Tamim, Hatheyal, son of Anber, Tie, Rabia Bin Wael, Bani Katham, Au there, Bani AL Harth, Bani Kalb, Bani Hgim, Zabid, Hamedan, Alia Qais, Bani Ameer and many others. However, the most mentioned tribes were Hegaz and Tami.
Hence, the importance of the book expiain Ibn Aqeel by mentioning these A

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Acute Toxicity of Chlorpyrifos on the Freshwater Bivalves (Unio Tigridis) and Effects on Bioindicators
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A freshwater bivalve plays a crucial function in aquatic habitats as the filtered water and burrowing mussels mix the sediment, thus increasing oxygen content and making the ecosystem healthier. The aim of the study is to see how chlorpyrifos affects biochemical markers in freshwater mussel Unio tigridis. About 180 individuals per taxon and water samples were collected from the Qandil water resource on the Greater Zab River, Erbil Province, Iraq. Once arrived at the lab, the individuals were kept in aquaria with river water and an air-conditioned room Temperature: 25±2 and Light: 12h/12h and acclimatized to laboratory conditions for seven days in aged tap water. The mussel's identification molecularly and the DNA sequence of t

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 11 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Spectral, Optical, Microscopic Study, Synthesis and Characterization of PVC Films Containing Schiff Base Complexes
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In this work, synthesis of conducting polymeric films namely, PVC thin films was carried out containing Schiff base (L) with Cu2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Co2+, in addition to inspecting the possibilities of measuring energy gap values of PVC-L-M with variety metal ions. These new polymeric films (PVC-L-M) were characterized by FTIR spectrophotometry, energy gap and surface morphology. The optical data recorded that the band gap values are influenced by the type of metals. All modified films have a red shift in optical properties in the ultraviolet region. The PVC-L-Co(II) was the lowest value of the optical band gap, 3.1 eV.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 26 2023
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
غسل الحيض من خلال كتاب شرح ابن كمال باشا على أول الهداية ( دراسة وتحقيق )
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This study deals with the field of acieving the manuscripts of Islamic sciences by the great Imam ibn Kamal Pasha, but the mentioned book requires a great effort to explain what it contains of sciences, and to appear what it has contained

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study the Effect of Residence Time Parameters on Thermal Cracking Extract Phase Lubricating Oil
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This work studies with produce of light fuel fractions of gasoline, kerosene and gas oil from treatment of residual matter that will be obtained from the solvent extraction process as by product from refined lubricate to improve oil viscosity index in any petroleum refinery. The percentage of this byproduct is approximately 10% according to all feed (crude oil) in the petroleum refinery process. The objective of this research is to study the effect of the residence time parameter on the thermal cracking process of the byproduct feed at a constant temperature, (400 °C). The first step of this treatment is the thermal cracking of this byproduct material by a constructed batch reactor occupied with control device at a selective range of re

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 08 2018
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study the Effect of Welding Heat Input on the Microstructure, Hardness, and Impact Toughness of AISI 1015 Steel
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In the present study, MIG welding is carried out on low carbon steel type (AISI 1015) by using electrode ER308L of 1.5mm diameter with direct current straight polarity (DCSP). The joint geometry is of a single V-butt joint with one pass welding stroke for different plate thicknesses of 6, 8, and 10 mm. In welding experiments, AISI 1015 plates with dimensions of 200×100mm and edge angle of 60o from both sides are utilized. In this work, three main parameters related to MIG welding process are investigated, which are welding current, welding speed, heat input and plate thickness, and to achieve that three groups of plates are employed each one consists of three plates. The results indicate that increasing the weld heat input (t

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
discriminate analysis and logistic regression existence of multicolleniarty problem(Empirical Study on Anemia)
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The method binery logistic regression and linear discrimint function of the most important statistical methods used in the classification and prediction when the data of the kind of binery (0,1) you can not use the normal regression therefore resort to binary logistic regression and linear discriminant function in the case of two group in the case of a Multicollinearity problem between the data (the data containing high correlation) It became not possible to use binary logistic regression and linear discriminant function, to solve this problem, we resort to Partial least square regression.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
BUMPINESS IN THE ATMOSPHERE IN IRAQ STUDY IN THE GEOGRAPHY OF CLIMATE
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Bumpiness in the atmosphere is the vertical movement of air, whether
upward or downward movement and the bumpiness is accompanied by areas
of unrest in the air and wind. And contribute to each of the coups thermal
fronts, wind, wind and thunderstorms. Moreover, bumpiness is net of the
reasons that lead to circumstances is appropriate to cut the wind, and this
contributes to the formation of bumpiness in the atmosphere. The study found
that the noon of the times, which is expected to occur where clear-air
bumpiness during flights because of the warmth of the earth's surface. The
study found increased incidence of air hole during the summer, especially
July, due to increased incidence of coup surface, while the s

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