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The application of smart power in the regional power struggle in the Middle East after 2011
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Receipt date:12/7/2020 accepted date:24/1/2021 Publication date:31/12/2021

 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The constant characteristic of international relations is the constant change due to political, economic and military developments in addition to technology, and this in turn has led to many transformations in the concept of power, its uses, and the elements that form power and its distribution, and according to those variables, the concept of power has shifted from hard to soft, up to smart power and its uses in politics. Foreign Affairs in a new framework based on the strategy of combining the hard and soft forces and their various tools (material and moral) according to the facts required by the situation. The use of smart power is no longer the preserve of major international powers Regional powers have used smart power, especially at the level of conflict among themselves, in order to face challenges and achieve their interests in the region and not allow other powers to obstruct their strategy, especially in the Middle East region, which is characterized by turmoil, instability, high competition and increasing conflicts in it, whether between regional powers or between international powers

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Psychological Disobedience and its Representations in the Graffiti Art: نجلاء خضير حسان -زهراء صائب أحمد
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The current research addresses the psychological disobedience in general and disobedience in post-modernism arts in specific. The research problem is summarized by the following question: does disobedience have representations in the graffiti art? The research objective is to identify disobedience and its representations in the graffiti. The research limits are set and the terms used are identified. As for the theoretical framework, it consists of three sections: the first: the psychological disobedience, whereas the second: disobedience in post-modernism arts. The third section addresses graffiti art. Then come the research procedures followed by the results, conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions. The two researchers arrived at

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Relationship Analysis Between Monetary Policy and Financial Sustainability in Iraq For the Period 2015–2021
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This research aims to study and analyze the reality of monetary policy and financial sustainability in Iraq through either a descriptive or analytical approach by trying to link and coordinate between monetary policy and fiscal policy to enhance economic sustainability. The research is based on the hypothesis that the monetary policy of Iraq contributes to achieving financial stability, which improves economic sustainability by providing aid and assistance to the state to reduce the budget deficit and exacerbate indebtedness. The author used the monetary policy indicators, the re-deduction of Treasury transfers by the central bank and the money supply, and financial sustainability indicators, including the public debt indicators and the

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 02 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Examples of a Simile in the Poetry of Khwaju Kermani: نمونه هانى از تشبيه در اشعار خواجو كرمانى
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A simile is a figure of speech that draws resemblance with the help of the words such as (like) or any other closer in meaning word. The present paper deals with the theme of a simile in the poetry of Khwaju Kermani, a truly great Persian poet. 

Besides being a great poet, Khwaju Kermani was also a fine professor of sciences. He was, also, known by his ghazals in which he imitated and was influenced by two of the most immense poets (Saadi) and (Hakim Sanai).

The search for knowledge, the pursue of studies and interpretation are among the main themes of Khwaju Kermani’s poetry. He uses ghazals to express love and longing in a mystical manner.

The present paper discusses the poet’s life, ethics and works.&n

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The impact of teaching with analogies in collection of chemistry students grade average and their attitudes towards article
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this research aims to identify the impact of teaching with ana logies in collection of chemistry students grade average.And direction in order to verify to the zero hypothesis has been formulated and validated,The researcher conducted experiment lasted a full semester as experimental design was chosen (exactly)two equal one pilot and another officer.The research community has been  selected one of intentional Middle School of the Education Directorate in B aghdad Karkh second either search sample consisted of (68) students from second grade average (34 ) Students for each group randomly selected research groups was equal to the following variables (lifetime months,parent of first grade chemistry degrees average test informat

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 04 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of the Problem Based Learning on EFL Learners’ Achievement
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The present study discusses the problem based learning in Iraqi classroom. This method aims to involve all learners in collaborative activities and it is learner-centered method. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follow” It is hypothesized that there is no statistically significant differences between the achievements of Experimental group and control group”. Thirty learners are selected to be the sample of present study.Mann-Whitney Test for two independent samples is used to analysis the results. The analysis shows that experimental group’s members who are taught according to problem based learning gets higher scores than the control group’s members who are taught according to traditional method. This

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 06 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of the Problem Based Learning on EFL Learners’ Achievement
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The present study discusses the problem based learning in Iraqi classroom. This method aims to involve all learners in collaborative activities and it is learner-centered method. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follow” It is hypothesized that there is no statistically significant differences between the achievements of Experimental group and control group”. Thirty learners are selected to be the sample of present study.Mann-Whitney Test for two independent samples is used to analysis the results. The analysis shows that experimental group’s members who are taught according to problem based learning gets higher scores than the control group’s members who are taught according to traditional method. This

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
High Commitment Management and their Impact in Organizational Excellence Afield Research for opinions a sample of managers in the company general Alfurat for chemical industries \Babylon
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In its theoretical framework, this study dealt with the subjects of high commitment management and organizational excellence, as the study came in response to the growing developments and changes in the fields of management. It includes an analysis of correlation and effect between high commitment management, which has been attracting a lot of attention recently due to the intensifying rivalry between organizations because of certain external factors like globalization and world markets liberation, and its effect in achieving organizational excellence.

The practical framework, on the other hand, dealt with the analysis of correlation and effect between the study's variables. The problem

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Roleof Time Management in Stages Claims Settlement of Insurance from Fire: Research Exploratory in General Iraqi Insurance Company and Private Al hamra Company for Insurance
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The insurance activity in the various countries of the world are important indicators of the strength of the country's economy, he came to study the stages compensation insurance settlement against fire and the importance of investing time risk in achieving the payment of compensation speed, and the implications for the continuation of the insured to carry out insurance with the insurance company, whether working within the public sector or the private sector. Hence the research problem in how quickly insurance companies to pay compensation as soon as possible and the return of the insured to carry out its work and make up for what he died from loss. Intentional sample was selected from branches and divisions and Their assistants manager

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Publication Date
Sun May 06 2012
Journal Name
Al-rafidain Journal For Sport Sciences
Analysis study (Guessing and techntion of self consistent degree) in choosing the perfect way from different method for two kinds rotation (orthogonal & oblique) in factore
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The factorial analysis method consider a advanced statistical way concern in different ways like physical education field and the purpose to analyze the results that we want to test it or measure or for knowing the dimensions of some correlations between common variables that formed the phenomenon in less number of factors that effect on explanation , so we must depend use the self consistent that achieved for reaching that basic request. The goal of this search that depending on techntion of self consistent degree guessing for choosing perfect way from different methods for (orthogonal & oblique) kinds in physical education factor studies and we select some of references for ( master & doctoral) and also the scientific magazine and confere

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 07 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Hadiths That Al-Bazzar Graduated it in His Musnad for it Azzatiha "Graduation and Study"
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     This research was one of the terms that used by Al-Bazzar  in his musnad and this term was  (Al-azza) who launched on some ways and hadiths and I collected those narration, and I have graduated and studied it to access to the meaning which Al-Bazzar want that from this description. In the introduction of the research, I have mention the importance of the subject and the reasons for his selection and also my plan,  a preface where I mentioned the definition of Al-Bazzar and his musnad, then in the first section I defined Al-azza linguistically and idiomatically , the second section I studied the hadiths that Al-Bazzar described them with azza ,and then I conclude it with my results that I have reach

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