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jcopolicy-559
The evolution of modern warfare and postmodern warfare
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War was and remains one of the main instruments for the practice of international relations, and has always been a major focus of the study of international relations. War, such as diplomacy, propaganda, etc., is an instrument of national politics. States have used wars to achieve their goals and aspirations and achieve their national interests. War and peace issues are essential to understanding international relations. They are questions that involve the problem of survival.

Today the term "war" is used in many different ways. We talk about Cold War, Hot War, Limited War, Total War, Conventional War, Unconventional War, Civil War, Gang War, Preventive War etc. However, the war continued to exist, and took various forms.

In the modern period, war between developed countries took a certain form, characterized by a symbiotic relationship between well-organized countries, and practiced the industrializing of war in the way it was fought. However, by the end of the twentieth century, there was some evidence that the era of "modern" industrial war may have ended up with a new beginning. Since the end of the Cold War there has been a wide debate among war scientists about the transformation of war, as many specialists have argued that we need to deal with many of the wars that we see today differently and see them through a new perspective where globalization is included in order to understand it and deepen our knowledge of it.

After studying the many wars and armed conflicts that have erupted since the 1990s, some analysts have rushed to suggest that these wars and conflicts have become a new form of war and that such wars will be a feature of the post-Cold War and post-modern world, and that an era of the industrial superpowers war has been overlooked.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 24 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Impact of Tax knowledge in compliance costs: Applied Research
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This research Sought to Determine the Relationship and  impact  between the tax knowledge in dimensions  of the tax compliance costs (monetary costs, time costs, psychic costs) Since the sample included 81 individuals represented by the Executive directors and Financial  and Accountant working in the Joint-stock company,  A questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection and its analysis.  For the purpose of analyzing the research data the statistical package for social science, SPSS. The most important tools used in the statistical analysis are:(standard deviation, and simple linear regression, percentages,  arithmetic mean, Cronbach's alpha, F-test, T- Test). The research found a weakness attenti

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Use of Discourse Markers by Iraqi Secondary Schools Pupils
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This research aims at investigating pupils’ ability in using discourse markers which are identified in the English textbooks of secondary schools. Four texts are chosen from third intermediate class. The four texts are short stories of different topics.                                                  

        This research hypothesizes that there are no statistical significant differences among Iraqi intermediate pupils’ ability in using textual

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study the spectroscopy of samarium encapsulated in silica Xerogel matrices
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The sol-gel preparation technique of transparent silica monoliths containing up to 0.5 M of samarium have been described. The sol-gel processing parameters are: acid catalyzed hydrolysis and controlled drying. The prepared monoliths are analyzed by X-ray diffraction, pycnometer measurements, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy and optical spectroscopy. The oscillator strengths of the Sm3+ ions in the silica monoliths are calculated. The results show a linear concentration dependence of some Sm3+ transitions in UV/Vis absorption spectra and formation of Sm3+ clusters inside the pores structure of silica monoliths at high Sm3+ concentration

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Optimum Reservoir Performance of Nahr Umr/Ratawi Oil Field
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Reservoir study has been developed in order to get a full interesting of the Nahr Umr formation in Ratawi oil field. Oil in place has been calculated for Nahr Umr which was 2981.37 MM BBL. Several runs have been performed to get matching between measured and calculated of oil production data and well test pressure. In order to get the optimum performance of Nahr Umr many strategies have been proposed in this study where vertical and horizontal wells were involved in addition to different production rates. The reservoir was first assumed to be developed with vertical wells only using production rate of (80000–125000) STB/day. The reservoir is also proposed to produce using horizontal wells besides vertical wells with production rat

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences And Humanities
The Anonymous Identity of Forced Migrants: A Post-Colonial Study
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Colonialism invades the Third World countries, physically and psychologically. This article exposes but sample of the physical and psychological consequences of colonialism. The Beekeeper of Aleppo (2019) by the British novelist, Christy Lefteri is a typical novel to diagnose the harsh circumstances of individuals within and after the disaster. Since it depicts characters from Asian countries, it would be a best representative for all Asian people who suffer colonialism. Migration toward anonymity is the mere option for the colonized people. Aftermath, they experience displacement, trauma, and the loss of identity.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2023
Journal Name
The College Of Law And Political Science Jornal
Compensation through Guarantee Funds in the Promotion of Extremist Ideas
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Compensation is one of the most discussed topics in the arena of civil law that requires research About solutions to the damages that arise from the promotion of extremist ideas, which were imposed by the developments taking place in society and the increasing escalation of accidents and their increasing risks, which now threaten individuals and their property on a daily basis in large numbers, as the injured party always seeks to require quick compensation from the person responsible for the damage that satisfies his desires and removes the effects of the damage caused, The importance of compensation increases if the violation affects a person’s physical integrity or his right to life, which is the highest right recognized for humans in

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2017
Journal Name
Energy Procedia
The effect of sunlight on medium density polyethylene Water pipes
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 21 2025
Journal Name
American Journal Of Research In Humanities And Social Sciences
Jurisdiction In Outer Space From The Perspective Of International Law
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This research aims to clarify the principles governing the exploration and utilization of outer space, emphasizing the role of international law, particularly international criminal law, in addressing crimes committed beyond Earth whether aboard spacecraft, the International Space Station, or in outer space generally. It examines relevant international treaties governing outer space activities, evaluates their strengths and ambiguities, and highlights deficiencies in their provisions. Furthermore, the study analyzes traditional principles of state criminal jurisdiction territoriality, nationality, universality, and protection and assesses their applicability to offenses committed in outer space.

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 29 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Simulation of a Self-Balancing Platform on the Mobile Car
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        In the last years, the self-balancing platform has become one of the most common candidates to use in many applications such as flight, biomedical fields, industry. This paper introduced the simulated model of a proposed self-balancing platform that described the self–balancing attitude in (X-axis, Y-axis, or both axis) under the influence of road disturbance. To simulate the self-balanced platform's performance during the tilt, an integration between Solidworks, Simscape, and Simulink toolboxes in MATLAB was used. The platform's dynamic model was drawn in SolidWorks and exported as a STEP file used in the Simscape Multibody environment. The system is controlled using the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) co

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 31 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Hydrochemistry of the Dammam Unconfined Aquifer Southern Desert, West Iraq
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The type of groundwater in the studied area is slightly brackish. In general, the dominant water type is calcium-sulfate. The reasons behind these different chemical groundwater types can be referred to the active ion exchange between the groundwater of the Dammam aquifer and Rus Formation. The groundwater of the Dammam unconfined aquifer is not suitable for human drinking in all the parameters properties. The groundwater class is fair in the Qasir Al-Ukhaider area, while the Shebcha area and Al-Salman area are poor class except the eastern part of Al-Salman area is very poor.

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