Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary significance that causes gastroenteritis in a number of vertebrate hosts. Several studies have recorded different degrees of pathogenicity and virulence among Cryptosporidium species and isolates of the same species as well as evidence of variation in host susceptibility to infection. Nevertheless, important progress has been made in determining Cryptosporidium's putative virulence factors. Since the publication of C parvum and C. Hominis this development has been accelerated genomes, identified by a range of immunological and molecular techniques with the characterization of over 25 putative virulence factors, which are proposed to be involved in aspects of host-pat

Background: Complete removal of filling material from the root canal is an essential requirement for endodontic retreatment. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate and compare the dissolving capabilities of various solvents (Xylene, Eugenate Desobturator, Eucalyptol, EDTA and Distilled water (as a control)) on four different types of sealer (Endofill, Apexit Plus, AH Plus and EndoSequence bioceramic sealer). Materials and method: Eighty samples of each sealer were prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions and then divided into ten groups (of 8 samples) for immersion in the respective solvents for 2 and 5 min immersion periods. Each sealer specimen was weighed to obtain its initial mass. The specimens were immersed in

Field studies of the slopes of Bammo anticline, in Northeast of Iraq, was carried out in five selects stations, where rock slopes and the discontinuities were surveyed in these stations and its relationships with failures were determined. The field work was revealed the abundance of rock slope failures, the dominant types are rock fall and toppling.                                                           

     Slope stabili

The outcrop sections of Ora Formation (late Devonian-Early Carboniferous) in the Nazdor and Ora localities at the Northern Thrust Zone of Iraq were selected for this study. Lithologically the Ora Formation composed of clastic and carbonate rocks. The lower part in the Nazdor section cosists of crossbedded quartz arenite sandstone interbedded with successive laminated siltstone and shale. The lithology of the upper part in the Nazdor section and the upper part in Ora section, are composed of mixed silicalcastic (shale, siltstone and sandstone) and carbonate interbedded lithology. The petrographic study shows that the carbonate rocks consist of micrite and sparite groundmass. The skeletal grains include shallow water brachiopods, bryozoans

A series of batch demulsification runs were carried out to evaluate the final emulsified water content of emulsion samples after the exposure to microwave. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a set of operating variables on the demulsification performance. Several microwave irradiation demulsification runs were carried out at different irradiation powers (700, 800, and 900 watt), using water-in-oil emulsion samples containing different water contents (20-80%, 30-70%, and 50-50%) and salt contents (10000, 20000, and 30000 ppm). It was found that the best separation efficiency was obtained at 900watt, 50% water content and 160 s of irradiation time. Experimental results showed that microwave radiation method can

 Background: Recent data provide evidence that p53 plays a critical role in mediating pregnancy by regulating steroid hormone activation
Objective: localization of semi quantitation tof por protein at the materno-fetal interface, in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss.
Methods: Immunohistochemistry analysis of p53 protein using paraffin embedded sections of curate samples obtained from 40 women, who where divided into three groups: 24 women with RPL, 10 women with abortion for the first time, and 6 women with induced abortion.
Results: The mean value of the expression of p53 protein in the RPL group was (65.8±2.16), which is significantly higher than that of the second group (48.0±2.81), and th

   This study included the isolation of the parasite Entamoeba histolytica from bloody mucoid diarrhea specimens of patients suffering from amoebic dysentery and cultivation of parasite in Locke-egg medium (LEM) to study  the effect of camel's milk and urine on the viability of E . histolytica with different concentrations (1 , 5  and 10 % ). The ability of camel's milk and urine in inhibiting the E . histolytica viability  is examined after  24 and 48 h of incubation The results showed that the activity of camel's milk and urine was  directly proportional  with  the increase  in concentration and incubation period. Since the  highest rate of parasite death reached ( 99.5% and 99.4%

  X-rays fluorescence technology was used  to measure the concentrations of trace and toxic elements in tobacco smoke. One sample local and eight samples were imported selected from Iraqi markets. The results proved that tobaccos contain few concentrations of element (calcium, potassium, sodium, manganese, magnesium, chlorine, and sulfur), trace concentrations of element (aluminum, vanadium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc), and toxic concentrations of element (arsenic, selenium, bromine, antimony, cadmium, mercury and lead). Results are proved the concentrations of elements of samples are lower levels with the other countries in few element like (calcium, potassium, sodium and manganese), while the other elements were hi