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Semantic relations in text and translation: Die semantischen Relationen im Text und Übersetzung
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       Based on the German language department’s theoretical and practical aspects as well as educational programs, the present study discusses the semantic relations in text sentences and their role in the science of translation.  Through clarifying the semantic relationship between the text sentence and the methods used to express a news item, a situation or an occurrence and through the statement of the multiple theoretical semantic structures of the text’s construction and interrelation, a translator can easily translate a text into the target language.

        It is known that language learners face multiple difficulties in writing and creating an integrated, coherent and intelligible text, and the reason for this is their lack of knowledge of semantic relations.

Deutsch

In dieser Forschungsarbeit gehen die folgenden theoretischen Ausführungen im Zusammenhang mit bestimmten didaktischen Bemerkungen, die im Laufe des Lehrprozesses aufgetreten sind, der Frage der semantischen Relationen in Satzperspektiven nach. Berücksichtigt wurde dabei überdies das Lehrprogramm in der irakischen Germanistikabteilung. Daher besteht das Hauptpostulat dieser wissenschaftlichen Abhandlung in dem Versuch, dieses sprachliche Phänomen im Übersetzen und dessen vielseitige Varianten darzulegen sowie dessen Anwendbarkeit in den Verhandlungen, im praktischen Leben und im Umgang mit den ausländischen Firmen etc. zu klären.

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 23 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Salivary IgA in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in Missan governorate
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Background: Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide health problem, with adverse outcomes of cardiovascular disease and premature death, can be divided into five stages, depending on how severe the damage is to the kidneys, or the level of decrease in kidney function, the final stage of chronic kidney disease is called end-stage renal disease, salivary immunoglobulin A is the main immunoglobulin found in mucous secretions, including tears, saliva, colostrum and secretions from the genitourinary tract gastrointestinal tract, prostate and respiratory epithelium . It is also found in small amounts in blood.This study aimedto measuresalivary flow rate and salivaryimmunoglobulin Alevels in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis treatment

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 16 2026
Journal Name
Agribusiness
Economic Analysis of AI‐Driven Resource Efficiency in Sustainable Agriculture in Iraq
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Abstract<p> Water scarcity, rising energy costs, and declining irrigation efficiency are significant barriers to wheat production in Iraq. This study evaluates the economic, environmental, and sustainability impacts of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into irrigation management under semiarid conditions. Field experiments conducted at the Al‐Ra'id Research Station in Baghdad during the 2025 season compared conventional diesel‐based irrigation with AI‐assisted irrigation that used soil moisture sensors, Internet of Things (IoT) controllers, and predictive weather algorithms. The analysis employed Cobb–Douglas production modeling, cost–benefit analysis, net</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials
Sustainability in the design of liquefied petroleum gas systems used in buildings
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Abstract<p>With the spread of the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in developing countries for use in domestic cooking with the increase in the expansion and distribution of gas pipelines for residential buildings, the 2002 World Summit focused on sustainable development in clean energy for natural gas (NG) and LPG. The research aims to focus on the important aspects of design sustainability from an environmental point of view to reduce gas leakage, accidents, and explosions that occur socially to expand the distribution of LPG and motivate the consumers to use it instead of natural gas and other fuels, and from an economic point of view to take into account the annual cost and aesthetic imp</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Changes in the serum level of the trace elements in chronic renal
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Were studied changes in the concentration of copper, iron and zinc in blood serum of one hundred patients with chronic kidney and treated dialysis blood were also measured the level of calcium kidney and phosphate Calciotropic in serum of these patients took samples of blood from these patients before and after treatment dialysis vessels as well as the statement of changes in those standards Alkimaahiatih Results were compared with twenty-five healthy people (control group)

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
European Academic Research
Double Victimization for Black Woman in Susan Lori Parks In the Blood
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BMMAM Saleh, EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH, 2016

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2011
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Increase serum leptin level in Helicobacter pylori infection in Iraqi gastritis patients
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Background: H.pylori colonized gastric mucosal
epithelium will virtually develop gastritis and had the
capacity to persist for decades. Pathogenesis is
dependent upon strain, virulence host genetic
susceptibility, and environmental cofactors. Leptin is
a member of the class 1 cytokine family so altered
leptin production during ifnect and inflammation that
leptin part of the cytokine cascade ,which
orchestrates the defense mechanism.
Objective: Examin the effect of H.pylori infection
on serum leptin level.
Methods: One hundred and thirty(130) Patients
attending the Endoscopic Unit at "Gastroenterology
and Hepatology Teaching Hospital/ Baghdad Medical
City"were included in this study with ages rang

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Brucella antibod titres base line in the healthy individuals in haweja city
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152 sera were collected from healthy individuals residing A;-Haweja City were tested for antibody titers for brucella antigens by slide agglutination test

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 15 2004
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Low Power He:Ne Laser Radiation in Killing Photosensitized Helicobacter pylori in Vitro
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Four photosensitizers were used to test inhibitory effect of Helicobacter pylori bacteria using
low power helium: neon red laser radiation. Biopsies were collected from 176 patients and H. pylori were
isolated, identified and bacterial suspension was prepared. Samples of this suspension were mixed with
various low concentrations of the test sensitizer. The mixture samples were exposed to different laser
radiation doses. The samples were then inoculated and the inhibition zones were studied and compared
with their analogues of control samples. The most effective sensitizer with optimum concentration and
irradiation dose was determined. Statistical analysis of results was performed. The sensitizers' toluidine
blue and

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 30 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Significance of The Mesopotamian Divinities in Rasha Fadhil’s Ishtar in Baghdad
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تتناول هذه الورقة البحثية مسرحية عشتار في بغداد (2003) لرشا فاضل. وتسلط الضوء على العديد من المواضيع الاجتماعية والسياسية المثيرة للجدل. ويمكن اعتبار مسرحية فاضل بمثابة صدمة شخصية وثقافية. وهي تسلط الضوء على بعض الحقائق القاسية المرتبطة بالجيش الأمريكي واحتلاله للعراق بالاضافة الى انها تولد صوتًا جديدًا للشعب العراقي المغيب صوته بسبب الاستعمار. يتم فحص المسرحية في ضوء بعض دراسات الصدمات الأدبية. وتعتبر نظ

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
Mustansiriya Medical Journal
Evaluation of some biomarkers in diagnosis of bacterial bloodstream infection in children
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Background Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a life-threatening condition caused by the presence of microorganisms, generally caused by a range of bacteria in the blood. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible role of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as biomarkers of pediatric BSI. Methodology The study was conducted on 150 blood samples collected from the patient who admitted to Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad. During the period from November 2020 to March 2021, ninety blood samples from them were positive culture and 60 blood samples were negative culture (control group). The isolates were identified depending on the morphological, microscopic examination, and biochemical tests.

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