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Linguistic Errors in second language learning through Error Analysis theory: هه‌ڵه‌ زمانییه‌كان له‌ فێربوونی زمانی دووه‌مدا (له‌ ڕوانگه‌ی تیۆری شیكاری هه‌ڵه‌ییه‌وه‌)
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Second language learner may commit many mistakes in the process of second language learning. Throughout the Error Analysis Theory, the present study discusses the problems faced by second language learners whose Kurdish is their native language. At the very stages of language learning, second language learners will recognize the errors committed, yet they would not identify the type, the stage and error type shift in the process of language learning. Depending on their educational background of English as basic module, English department students at the university stage would make phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic and lexical as well as speech errors. The main cause behind such errors goes back to the cultural differences of the language learners. Other errors go back either to the spoken form of the second language itself or to the teacher teaching the second language.       

لە فێربوونی زمانی دووەمدا  فێرخوازی زمانی دووەم دووچاری هەڵەی جۆراوجۆر دەبنەوە، بۆ ئەم مەبەستە (لە ڕوانگەی  تیۆری شكاری هەڵەییەوە) لە هەڵەكانی فێرخوازی زمانی دووەم( ئینگلیزی) دەدوێین، كە زمانی یەكەمیان زمانی كوردییە. فێرخوازان لە سەرەتای فێربوونی زمانی دووەمدا درك بە هەڵەی فێربوونی زمانەكەیان دەكەن، بەڵام  درك بە جۆر و قۆناغ و  گۆڕانی جۆری هەڵەكان ناكەن. لە پڕۆسەی فێربوونی زمانی دووەمدا  فێرخوازان لە قۆناغەكانی خوێندنی زانكۆدا بەتایبەتی لەبەشی زمانی ئینگلیزیدا بە پشتبەستن بە پاشخانی چەند ساڵی ڕابردوویان، كە زمانی ئینگلیزیان وەكو بابەتێكی سەرەكی خوێندووە، ئەوا شێوازی هەڵەی تریان تیدا بەدیدەكرێت، بەتایبەتی لە هەڵەی فۆنەتیكی و مۆرفۆلۆژی و سینتاكسی و واتا سازی و فەرهەنگی، هەروەها لە دركاندنیشدا هەڵەیان هەیە. سەرچاوەی ئەم هەڵەكردنانەش  بۆ كاریگەری زمانی یەكەم، بۆ هه‌ڵه‌ پێشكه‌وتووه‌كان، كه‌  له‌ خودی زمانی دووه‌م به‌رهه‌م دێت، ئه‌و هه‌ڵانه‌ی سه‌رچاوه‌كه‌ی بۆ سروشتی زمانی زاره‌كی، ئه‌و هه‌ڵانه‌ی له‌ فێركاره‌وه‌ ڕووده‌ده‌ن ده‌گه‌ڕێته‌وه.‌       

 

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 26 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Fuzzy Wavenet (FWN) classifier for medical images
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    The combination of wavelet theory and neural networks has lead to the development of wavelet networks. Wavelet networks are feed-forward neural networks using wavelets as activation function. Wavelets networks have been used in classification and identification problems with some success.

  In this work we proposed a fuzzy wavenet network (FWN), which learns by common back-propagation algorithm to classify medical images. The library of medical image has been analyzed, first. Second, Two experimental tables’ rules provide an excellent opportunity to test the ability of fuzzy wavenet network due to the high level of information variability often experienced with this type of images.

&n

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 05 2026
Journal Name
Misan Journal Of Academic Studies
Some of Parametric and Non Parametric Estimations for Circular Regression Model via Simulation
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Circular data (circular sightings) are periodic data and are measured on the unit's circle by radian or grades. They are fundamentally different from those linear data compatible with the mathematical representation of the usual linear regression model due to their cyclical nature. Circular data originate in a wide variety of fields of scientific, medical, economic and social life. One of the most important statistical methods that represents this data, and there are several methods of estimating angular regression, including teachers and non-educationalists, so the letter included the use of three models of angular regression, two of which are teaching models and one of which is a model of educators. ) (DM) (MLE) and circular shrinkage mod

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Nadaraya-Watson Estimation of a Circular Regression Model on Peak Systolic Blood Pressure Data
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Purpose: The research aims to estimate models representing phenomena that follow the logic of circular (angular) data, accounting for the 24-hour periodicity in measurement. Theoretical framework: The regression model is developed to account for the periodic nature of the circular scale, considering the periodicity in the dependent variable y, the explanatory variables x, or both. Design/methodology/approach: Two estimation methods were applied: a parametric model, represented by the Simple Circular Regression (SCR) model, and a nonparametric model, represented by the Nadaraya-Watson Circular Regression (NW) model. The analysis used real data from 50 patients at Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. Findings: The Mean Circular Erro

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
New White Method of Parameters and Reliability Estimation for Transmuted Power Function Distribution
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        In this paper, an estimate has been made for parameters and the reliability function for Transmuted power function (TPF) distribution through using some estimation methods as proposed new technique for white, percentile, least square, weighted least square and modification moment methods. A simulation was used to generate random data that follow the (TPF) distribution on three experiments (E1 , E2 , E3)  of the real values of the parameters, and with sample size (n=10,25,50 and 100) and iteration samples (N=1000), and taking reliability times (0< t < 0) . Comparisons have been made between the obtained results from the estimators using mean square error (MSE). The results showed the

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 16 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Security and confidentiality of information and its impact on the competitive performance of insurance companies: A prospective study for the Iraq insurance company and ALhamraa Insurance company (private)
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The security of information represent the available  protection of  information and its component and guaranty the its safety and confidentiality. The absent or lack or stop of security of information and without maximum benefit may lead to lose confidence and make it burden on the company. So we must protect the company and information from the damages which may lead to the frailer of performance and loses of the company and its workers. So the security of information considered one of the potential  and controlling basis to protect individuals and companies from the damages. To insure the security  and confidentiality of information there are delicate,  proper and trusted ways, like FIRE WALL, PASS WORD, SYPHAR

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 05 2026
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal For Administrative Sciences
قياس الكفاءة التقنية لوحدات اتخاذ القرار باسلوب التحليل التطويقي للبيانات ( DEA) بحث ميداني في الشركة العامة للنقل البري
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this research aims it measure the technical efficiency of the branches of the General Company for Land Transport, That scattered geographically at country level, by Data Envelopment analysis (DEA) technique, as this technique relies on measuring the efficiency of a set of asymmetric Decision making units, which is one of the nonparametric mathematical methods for and application related to Linear Programming, and this is what helps the General Company for Land Transport to diagnose its branches performance by benchmarking with each other and determine the performance gap. The research found that there is variation in the level of efficiency in the company's branches

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Modern Sport
اثر تمرينات خاصة بأستخدام جهاز المدافع الضوئي المصمم في تنمية بعض القدرات البدنية والاداء المهاري المركب لدى لاعبي كرة اليد
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اتجهت دول العالم الى تسخير جميع الإمكانيات والخبرات والعلوم من اجل الوصول الى مستويات متقدمة في الرياضات المختلفة ويهدف التدريب الرياضي إلى إعداد اللاعبين إعدادا جيدا تكمن مشكلة البحث من خلال خبرة الباحثتان الميدانية ومتابعة تدريبات لاعبي المدرسة التخصصية كرة اليد فقد لوحظ هناك ضعف واضح في الأداء المهاري ولابد من تطوير أوجه الضعف لتحقيق مستوى انجاز افضل . ويهدف البحث اعداد تمرينات خاصة بأستخدام جهاز ا

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2018
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Biography Judge Faqih Abu Bakr al-Ansari and its impact on the notation Hadiths (36 AH - 120 AH / 657 AD - 738 AD)
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Followers and their followers (may Allah be pleased with them all) followed the approach of the guidance and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the collection and codification of the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad in various Arab and Islamic areas. Subsequent judge Faqih Abu Bakr al-Ansari had a distinct effect during that time immortalized in the pages of our Islamic history in preserving the Sunnah of our great Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and documenting the constants of Sharia and Islamic jurisprudence and its importance in the activity of intellectual and scientific movement in the Arab Islamic State.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
تصميم نظام مقترح لتخصيص مهام العمل لمحطات العمل وباعتماد الطرق الاجتهادية دراسة حال في الشركة العامة للصناعات الكهربائية
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This research work dealt with the problem of layout the production line of engine of fan roof at the General Company for Electrical Industries (GCEI). It was observed that the assembly line of engine was unstable and subject to severe fluctuations. In addition the execution of tasks at some stations was observed to be very fast while at other stations was slow. This phenomenon resulted into bottlenecks between workstations, idle time, and work in process. The system design was used to assign tasks to work stations according to different heuristics (Ranked Positional weight techniques, longest Task Time, Most following tasks, Shortest tasks time, Least number of following task).

The study revealed that th

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 05 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Red Ginger's Anti-Anxiety Effect on BALB/c Strain Mice (Mus musculus) Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Measurements as Anxiety Model
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There is a correlation between the occurrence of anxiety and the production of inflammatory mediators, and red ginger rhizome is a well-known herbal product with a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds that can be used as anti-inflammatories and antioxidants. The aim of study to evaluate the effect of red ginger as antianxiety in mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c strain by measuring levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10.  Anxiety model mice were carried out by giving treatment with the Forced Swimming Test (FST) for 7 days then assessed by carrying out the Elevated Plus Maze for Mice (EPM) test for one day. After the treatment, the anxiety mice model was made, followed by administration of red ginger ethanol extract therapy for 14 days.

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