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La (autoantonimia) Al-ḍdad en las lenguas, según la lingüística moderna
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Los lingüistas no árabes suelen quedar perplejos a la hora de  interpretar el  fenómeno de Al-ḍdad, −normalmente traducido en español como palabras  autoantónimas (1)− en la lengua árabe, en el que los arabistas, y entre ellos los españoles, han quedado sombrosos ante este fenómeno. El jefe del tribunal de la defensa de mi tesis me pidió que le explicara este fenómeno según mi teoría “El esquema básico de la referencia”; pues me dijo que no podía  imaginar que una palabra tuviera dos significados opuestos, y en ese momento le expliqué la palabra albayn  البين que significa la separación,  o la relaciónel enlace que comentaré más adelante. Esto me animó a plantear este fenómeno según mi teoría sobre el significado (2), lo que facilitará la comprensión de un fenómeno, que seguramente es general  en todas las lenguas, pero no se da cuenta de él.

            Este tipo de antonimia – autoantonimia – es muy habitual en la lengua árabe y es común en la poesía, la prosa y las parábolas, por eso es más necesario todavía su conocimiento. 

             Hay mucha discrepancia entre los filólogos árabes por este fenómeno, porque hay filólogos que lo aceptan en la lengua, mencionando montón de razones y motivos de su existencia, entre estos filólogos encontramos Quṭrub (m. 206 h.), Al-așma‘ī (m. 215 h.), Al-saŷistānī  (m. 248  h.), Ibn Al- sikīt (m. 244 h.), Abu Qasim bn Salām (m. 222 h), Al-`nbarī (m. 328 h.) y Abū Al- țayb ̒Abd Al-Waḥid bn ̒Alī Al- ḥalabī (m. 351 h.) y otros (3). Esta aceptación de la autoantonimia es lo que encontramos claramente en sus libros.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Eurasian Journal Of Biosciences
Utilizing remote sensing for studying Al-Saadya Marsh in the period 1987-2017
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The marshes are one of the important environmental features affecting human and animal systems, so the studying of changes they undergo is one of the important topics. This study is concerned with the changes occurring in the Al Saadya marsh for the period from 1987 to 2017 exclusively in the winter season (the marshes’ revival season in Iraq revive). In order to inspect the changes in this marsh, we choose 7 years to cover the study period as a criterion years, namely 1987, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2007, 2014 and 2017. The “Maximum Likelihood” classifier was used to separate the stacked land cover features, where the minimum overall accuracy ratio that recorded for all years of study was 96%. The results revealed that Al-Saadya marsh went t

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Corrosion Study of the Injection Equipments in Water in Al-Ahdeb Wells ‐Iraq
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Water injection equipments such as pipelines, which are used in the second recovery of oil in the Al-Ahdeb wells, suffer from the corrosion in water during maintaining vacuum deoxygenated tower that used to decrease concentration of the dissolved oxygen gas in the water from 6.2-9.1 ppm to o.5 ppm. This study involved calculation the corrosion rates of the internal surfaces of the
pipelines either during operation of the vacuum unit or when the tower out of operation. Finally, find the solution by one of the following suggestions. In the first suggestion removal of the dissolved O2 from water is achieved by increasing the dosage of the oxygen scavenger (sodium sulphite). The second suggestion involves removing the dissolved O2 from w

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Corrosion Behavior of Nanocomposite Al-9 wt% Si Alloy Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes
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An effort is made to study the effect of composite nanocoating using aluminum-9%wt silicon alloys reinforced with different percentage (0.5,1,2,4)wt.% of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using  plasma spraying. The effect of this composite on corrosion behavior for AA6061-T6 by extrapolation Tafel test in sea water 3.5wt% NaCl was invested. Many specimens where prepared from AA6061-T6 by the dimension (15x15x3)mm as this first set up and other steps include coating process, X-ray diffraction and SEM examination .The results show the CNTs increase the corrosion rate of the nanocomposite coatings with increasing the weight percentage of CNTs within the Al-Si matrix. Al-9wt%Si coating layer itself has less corrosion rate if compared with both n

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2004
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Oil Removal from Wastewater of Al-Bezerqan Crude Oil Fields by Air Flotation
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 30 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The emission spectra and hydrodynamic properties of Al plasma using Nd-YAG laser
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In this work, the emission spectra and atomic structure of the aluminum target had been studied theoretically using Cowan code. Cowan code was used to calculate the transitions of electrons between atomic configuration interactions using the mathematical method called (Hartree-Fock). The aluminum target can give a good emission spectrum in the XUV region at 10 nm with oscillator strength of 1.82.
The hydrodynamic properties of laser produced plasma (LPP) were investigated for the purpose of creating a light source working in the EUV region. Such a light source is very important for lithography (semiconductor manufacturing). The improved MEDUSA (Med103) code can calculate the plasma hydrodynamic properties (velocity, electron density,

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
One and Two-Dimensional Hydraulic Simulation of a Reach in Al-Gharraf River
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One and two-dimensional hydraulic models simulations are important to specify the hydraulic characteristics of unsteady flow in Al-Gharraf River in order to define the locations that facing problems and suggesting the necessary treatments. The reach in the present study is 58200m long and lies between Kut and Hai Cities. Both numerical models were simulated using HEC-RAS software, 5.0.4, with flow rates ranging from 100 to 350 m3/s. Multi-scenarios of gates openings of Hai Regulator were applied. While the openings of Al-Gharraf Head Regulator were ranged between 60cm to fully opened. The suitable manning roughness for the unsteady state was

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Indoor 222Rn measurement and hazards indices in houses of Al-Najaf province – Iraq
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Geotechnical Engineering And Sustainable Construction
Numerical Modelling of Surface Runoff in Watershed Areas Related to Bahr AL-Najaf
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Trends of poetic purposes towards praise: Dabal al-Khuzai's poetry is a model
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Poetic objects may go towards a specific purpose and dissolve and interact with them to produce
A purpose characterized by the title but belongs to the U from afar.
The yarn goes towards praise with a purely horizontal relationship that mentions virtues but crowns them towards women.
In lamentation remember the virtues but crown them towards the dead.
In wisdom remember the virtues but crown them towards time.
In the description remember the virtues but crown them towards nature. All objects are inline
Horizontal We will prove this in the axes of research has required the plan to be a blind, five
The preamble, a brief overview of the life of Dabal All Khuzaie and the works and poets of the first axis
The direction

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2003
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
OCCURRENCE OF SOME FISH PARASITES IN AL-MADAEN DRAINAGE NETWORK, SOUTH OF BAGHDAD
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Seven fish species were collected from the drainage network at Al-Madaen region, south of
Baghdad with the aid of a cast net during the period from March to August 1993. These fishes
were infected with 22 parasite species (seven sporozoans, three ciliated protozoans, seven
monogeneans, two nematodes, one acanthocephalan and two crustaceans) and one fungus
species. Among such parasites, Chloromyxum wardi and Cystidicola sp. are reported here for
the first time in Iraq. In addition, 11 new host records are added to the list of parasites of
fishes of Iraq.

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