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La (autoantonimia) Al-ḍdad en las lenguas, según la lingüística moderna
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Los lingüistas no árabes suelen quedar perplejos a la hora de  interpretar el  fenómeno de Al-ḍdad, −normalmente traducido en español como palabras  autoantónimas (1)− en la lengua árabe, en el que los arabistas, y entre ellos los españoles, han quedado sombrosos ante este fenómeno. El jefe del tribunal de la defensa de mi tesis me pidió que le explicara este fenómeno según mi teoría “El esquema básico de la referencia”; pues me dijo que no podía  imaginar que una palabra tuviera dos significados opuestos, y en ese momento le expliqué la palabra albayn  البين que significa la separación,  o la relación o  el enlace que comentaré más adelante. Esto me animó a plantear este fenómeno según mi teoría sobre el significado (2), lo que facilitará la comprensión de un fenómeno, que seguramente es general  en todas las lenguas, pero no se da cuenta de él.

            Este tipo de antonimia – autoantonimia – es muy habitual en la lengua árabe y es común en la poesía, la prosa y las parábolas, por eso es más necesario todavía su conocimiento. 

             Hay mucha discrepancia entre los filólogos árabes por este fenómeno, porque hay filólogos que lo aceptan en la lengua, mencionando montón de razones y motivos de su existencia, entre estos filólogos encontramos Quṭrub (m. 206 h.), Al-așma‘ī (m. 215 h.), Al-saŷistānī  (m. 248  h.), Ibn Al- sikīt (m. 244 h.), Abu Qasim bn Salām (m. 222 h), Al-`nbarī (m. 328 h.) y Abū Al- țayb ̒Abd Al-Waḥid bn ̒Alī Al- ḥalabī (m. 351 h.) y otros (3). Esta aceptación de la autoantonimia es lo que encontramos claramente en sus libros.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of The Romanian Society For Cell Biology
Molecular study to the fungus Neosetophomasamarorum was isolated from Al Chabaish marsh, South of Iraq
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IA Ali, FK Emran, DF Salloom, Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 2021

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Effect of the Iranian Seperation Dikes on the Water Salinity Patterns Within Al Huweizah Marsh
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Al Huweizah Marsh is considered as the largest marsh at the southern part of Iraq. About one third of the marsh is located within the Iranian territory. Iran began to construct earth dikes along the Iraqi-Iranian international borders to separate the Iranian part of the marsh. The electrical conductivity, EC, value was adopted to be the indicator for the water salinity within the marsh. A steady two-dimensional water quality routing model was implemented by using the RMA2 and RMA4 softwares within the SMS computer package to estimate the distribution of the
EC values within the marsh seasonally during the wet, moderate and dry water years. The EC distribution Patterns were estimated considering the expected two cases of the marsh futu

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 12 2025
Journal Name
Al-adab Journal
Deconstructing the Archetypal Mirror of Godot in Ali Abdul-Nabi Al-Zaidi’s “A Second Death”
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لطالما كان انتظار الملأ للخلاص والتي ترتبط بشكل اساسي بال "منتظر" او ال "مخلص" جزءا من الوعي الجمعي الذي تطور ليكون مرتبطا بالنمط البدائي والذي بدوره أصبح مرآةً تنعكس على اساسها فرص الانسان نحو النجاة. في مسرح القرن العشرين, لم تنفك فكرة الانتظار ان ترتبط بمسرحية صاموئيل بيكيت العبثية " في انتظار غودو" كونها مثالا رمزيا بالرغم من انه تجسيد شخصية "غودو" وقعت تحت وطأة الكثير من عمليات التحوير والتغيير في اطاره

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
High pollutant levels of produced water around Al-Ahdab oil field in Wasit governorate (Iraq)
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Abstract<p>Exploration activities of the oil and gas industry generate loads of formation water called produced water (PW) up to thousands of tons each day. Depending on the geographic area, formation depth, oil production techniques, and age of oil supply wells, PW from different oil fields contain different chemical compositions. Currently, PW is also known as industrial waste water containing heavy metals that are toxic to humans and the environment, requiring special processing so that they can be disposed of in the environment. To determine the heavy metals content in PW from the Al-Ahdab oil field (AOF), the Ministry of Science and Technology/Agricultural Research Department determined som</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Performance Evaluation of Al-Karkh Water Treatment Plant Using Model-driven and Data-Driven Models
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Abstract<p>There is a great operational risk to control the day-to-day management in water treatment plants, so water companies are looking for solutions to predict how the treatment processes may be improved due to the increased pressure to remain competitive. This study focused on the mathematical modeling of water treatment processes with the primary motivation to provide tools that can be used to predict the performance of the treatment to enable better control of uncertainty and risk. This research included choosing the most important variables affecting quality standards using the correlation test. According to this test, it was found that the important parameters of raw water: Total Hardn</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of character and diversity of vegetation (cultivated plants) in Al-aaras Tourst Island / Baghdad
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Vascular plants that have been identified during the study seasons in the Island. The cultivated plants were 126 species belong to 103 genera and to 49 families of the year 2001-2002 . The natural vegetation in this Island has been subjected to a total disturbance and subsidence due to the comprehensive turbidity of the Island environment.Number of names of that natural vegetation has been mentioned in the study within the weed plants.The results of the study of the period of flowering and their attitudes show clear seasonal differences. During the cold months of winter, the number of the cultivated and the natural plants was at the rate of 15%.These kinds of flowers require high level of care to increase their numbers. While in the spring

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Study on the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites Among Children Attending Al-Daura Health Centre-Baghdad
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Abstract The present study on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection from July 2003 to July 2004 ,was conducted among children aged(less than 5 -14 )years attending AL-Daura Health Centre in Baghdad City .(350) specimen were choosen randomly and examined, 160(45.7%) of these were infected , 140 (87.5%) harboured one parasite while 20 (12.5%) harboured more than one parasite.190 (54.3%) were non infected with any of intestinal parasite . It was observed that the most common intestinal protozoa among children is Giardia lamblia, followed by Entamoeba histolytica and Blastocystis hominis with pre

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2013
Journal Name
Advances In Physics Theories And Applications
Studying the effects of Industrial Wastes on Tigris water in Al- Grea't City-Baghdad-Iraq
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Tigris River is one of the main important surface water resources in Iraq. This necessitates continuous study of its quality . The present study is concerned with the characteristics and quality of Tigris water passing through in Baghdad city. (eight) samples were collected from the river in the area Grea't City. The study periods were carried over four season, which has been sampled once represent the every season. First sampling 12-11-2012 represent the autumn season The second sampling 20-1-2013 to represent the winter season. The third in 25-3- 2013 to represent the Springer season. The fourth during 29-5-2013 to represent the summer spring season. In order to specify the water quality, a group of physical and chemical analyses have bee

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 24 2018
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC-TREE ANALYSIS OF MONIEZIA SPECIES FROM SHEEP IN AL-DIWANIYAH CITY
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    The present study was performed to detect the molecular and the phylogenetic identification of species that belonging to the genus of Moniezia Blanchard, 1891 which affected intestines of sheep in Al-Diwaniyah city, Iraq; fifty intestine samples were sought for the infestation of Moniezia spp. from the city slaughterhouse from 1 October to 30 November 2017, this tapeworm was found to infest the intestines of 13 sheep.

 

    For morphological identify the genus of this tapeworm, eggs from one gravid proglottid of the thirteen worms were examined, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR-product-based sequencing were applied on 4 Moniezia tapeworms targeti

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2000
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
EFFICIENCY OF AL-RUSTAMITYAH SEWAGE PLANT AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES ON THE POLLUTION OF DIYALA RIVER
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The present work initiated to eaIuate the efficiency of Al-Rustamivah sewage treatment plant
as reflected by the quality of final effluent that is thrown to Di ala river. Weekly samples of
wastewater and final effluent were collected between November 1994 and end of January
1995 and analyzed for different chemical and biological features. Results ha e inidicated that
Al-Rustamiyah sewage treatment plant could not be able efficiently to purify the raw sewage.
The mean values of suspended solids. BOD. COD Dichromate and Oil & grease effluents
were felt to pass standard limits (98.4. 92.8. 125.2 and 39.1 ppm. respectiel). The atherse
possible effects of pollution on Diuala equatic life hae been also discussed in res

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