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La traducción de LJI ,Robinson Crusoe en la imaginación de los niños . Infants' literature (Robinson Crusoe) in children's imagination
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Resumen

      La literatura infantil es uno de los géneros literarios que incluye varios estilos de la prosa, cuento,  poesía etc. Ha florecido en el siglo XX con la aparición de los autores que dedicaron la mayor parte de su tiempo para escribir sus composiciones para los niños, tomando de las leyendas y las historias populares y religiosas a fin de hacerla sencilla para ser correspondiente con sus edades. La traducción de la literatura infantil lleva a ampliar los horizontes y los conocimientos de los niños cuando conocen las costumbres y las tradiciones de los pueblos. Se sabe que hay muchas dificultades respecto al proceso de la traducirían en cuanto a la comprensión de los niños. Pues, hasta cuál alcance el traductor tiene que ser justo en sus traducción y al mismo tiempo ser fiel al texto original al ser traducido al lector pequeño?  Los niños se caracterizan por especiales cualidades que se diferencian del lector mayor.     

Hemos tomado en nuestro trabajo de investigación un análisis y comparación de traducción del cuento de Robinson Cruso para el escritor inglés Daniel, que es una de las mejores novelas internacionales traducidas como un cuento sintetizado a los niños. 

ABSTRACT

   Infants literature is a kind of cultural arts and contains many methods of prose, stories and poems. The Infants literature has flourished in 20th century with the appearance of authors who dedicated most of their time in writing texts for children adapted from ancient popular folklore and religious tales  in order to be convenient with their ages. Take the study that we proceed to the subject of her examination and analysis of intervening factors, which should take into account during the reproduction of texts for children in a language other social context different from the context of the original text.

Our approach to the issue and of our study here basic premise and under which the translation of children's literature is a complex process and requires a specialized translator to do a double-step analytical; the first and the essential character of the quality of sex case grasp meaning, and the second within the new literary context, the context of reception. It is very obvious that this step analytical dual control Translations for each of them, especially with regard to the writings Baghin-oriented, and with this, allow us to place the belief that proprioceptive thinking writings of children requires more attention to all the qualities represented by this genre.

 

These compositions enriched the mental and knowledge of children. Knowing that there are great difficulties in translating infants literature, in this case how much the translator should be sincere in his translation when he / she transform it to small readers, because those children have proper different characters than adult readers.

(Robinson Crusoe) is a tale for the English writer Daniel Defoe, one of famous international novels , translated as short story for children where many modifications had been performed to change a novel of 8 capitals in to a short story for those small ages.

Key word: translation studies, infants literature, adaptation, Robinson Crusoe. 

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
المجلة القانونيه العلميه المحكمه -الصادره عن جامعة القاهره
وفاة المكلف الضريبي وعلاقتها المعيارية في استيفاء الدين الضريبي وفقا لاحكام القانون العراقي و المصري - دراسه مقارنه
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 25 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Framing an argument of Normalization with Israel on the websites of directed satellite channels Analytical study of the sites (Al-Alam, Al-Hurra) channels
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The aim of this paper is to study the frames of Argument of normalization with Israel on the websites of the satellite channels directed in the Arabic language (Al-Alam and Al-Hurra Iraq) channels by analyzing the mechanisms of framing an Argument, The way in which we frame an issue largely determines how that issue will be understood and acted upon، The research adopted the survey method applied to the sites of(Al-
Alam and Al-Hurra) channels, at the period 13 Aug. - 12 Nov. 2020, which included (855) news items, (633) for Al-Alam channel website, and (222) for Alhurra Iraq channel website.
The most important results are: The two channels dependence on the Argument Directed, Al-Alam channel focuses on Islamic and Arab attitudes,

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 25 2026
Journal Name
Adab Al Rafidayn
The State of the Practical Application by Students at Department of Information and Technology and Libraries/ Institute of Administration-Al-Rusafa: A Developmental Evaluative Study
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Practical application is an effective tool for preparing qualified scientific and technical cadres if applied correctly and efficiently. In addition to being the complementary part of everything that has been studied in the years of study, it is a scientific linking tool between theory and application. Here lies the importance of this research in clarifying the central and important role that practical application plays in general in raising the scientific level of the student, and the extent of the suitability of the curriculum and means of practical application and the extent and needs of the students applying at the Institute of Administration - Rusafa - Department of Information Technology and Libraries. This research attempted to answe

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Academic Accreditation From The point Of view The Teaching Staff Of Iraqi Expatriates And Its Impact On Strategic Performance Of Institutions Of Higher Education - Field Research
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Abstract

       The Research Includes Two Variables : First , Academic Accreditation with his dimensions ( Educational Context , Educational Inputs , Educational Process , Educational Outputs , Feedback ) , And The Second : Strategic Performance With His dimensions ( Financing , Satisfaction Stakeholders , Internal Processes , Learning And Growth ) , The Research Highlights On The Academic Accreditation System Which Is Considered A Major And Important Systems Can Through Which Administration Of Activities And Programs Institutions Of Higher Education , As This research aims to determine his relationship And The Extent Of Its Effect In The Strategic Performance , And It Includes The Research C

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison of weighted estimated method and proposed method (BEMW) for estimation of semi-parametric model under incomplete data
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Generally, statistical methods are used in various fields of science, especially in the research field, in which Statistical analysis is carried out by adopting several techniques, according to the nature of the study and its objectives. One of these techniques is building statistical models, which is done through regression models. This technique is considered one of the most important statistical methods for studying the relationship between a dependent variable, also called (the response variable) and the other variables, called covariate variables. This research describes the estimation of the partial linear regression model, as well as the estimation of the “missing at random” values (MAR). Regarding the

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Seemingly Unrelated Regression Model to Measure the Profitability of Some Iraqi Private Commercial Banks with Presence of Outliers
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A seemingly uncorrelated regression (SUR) model is a special case of multivariate models, in which the error terms in these equations are contemporaneously related. The method estimator (GLS) is efficient because it takes into account the covariance structure of errors, but it is also very sensitive to outliers. The robust SUR estimator can dealing outliers. We propose two robust methods for calculating the estimator, which are (S-Estimations, and FastSUR). We find that it significantly improved the quality of SUR model estimates. In addition, the results gave the FastSUR method superiority over the S method in dealing with outliers contained in the data set, as it has lower (MSE and RMSE) and higher (R-Squared and R-Square Adjus

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 10 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effect of Long Term Exposure to Sodium Nitrite on Gene Responsible for DNA Repair
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Objective: The aim of this study is to detect the effect of continuous exposure to Sodium Nitrite on 8-oxoguanine
DNA glycosylase (OGG1) gene which responsible on DNA repairs. DNA repair play a major role in maintaining
genomic stability when DNA exposure to damage. Genomic stability is very important for keeping body cells
healthy and to prevent many types of tumor development. Many genes are responsible for this job; one of them is
OGG1 gene.
Methodology: In current study two groups of mice were chronically exposed to sodium nitrite for six months and
eighteen months while third group was used as a control. Then sizes of OGG1 were estimated.
Results: The results exhibited in the unexposed (control) mice had two dif

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 04 2023
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
المدراس الثانوية في الاعظمية ( ثانوية كلية بغداد- ثانوية الأعظمية للبنين – ثانوية الأعظمية للبنات - ثانوية الحريري للبنات) أنموذجاً
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Education received the attention of the monarchy in Iraq, especially after the developments that the country witnessed after Iraq gained independence and joined the League of Nations in 1932 AD in all political, economic and cultural aspects.  In this regard, due to its distinguished geographical location, where the atmosphere, the natural environment and the religious and political standing were available, which made it a center of attraction for most Iraqi families and political figures.  Learning and pioneering the path of knowledge, so it witnessed a great prosperity in secondary education, so several important schools appeared that contributed to advancing the wheel of learning forward, including Baghdad College High Schoo

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Intelligence Research
الوعي بالتدوير الكيميائي وعلاقته بالتفكير العلمي لدى طلبة قسم الكيمياء في كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة ابن الهيثم
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يهدف البحث التعرف على مستوى الوعي بتقنيات إعادة التدوير غير الميكانيكية التي يجري تطويرها حاليًا في قطاع "إعادة التدوير الكيميائي" الجديد لدى طلبة كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة -ابن الهيثم. تكونت عينة البحث من (198) طالبا وطالبة من قسم الكيمياء للعام الدراسي (2021-2022) من أصل(250) أي (79%) من مجتمع البحث لدراسة الفصول الصباحية و(50) طالباً وطالبة من أصل (73) أي (68٪) من مجتمع البحث لدراسة الفصول المسائية لطلبة المرحلة الرابعة.وت

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measure and evaluate the return and risk formulas of Islamic Finance: Empirical study of the state of Jordan Islamic Bank and Islamic Arab International Bank
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    The study aims to measure and evaluate the return and the risk formulas of Islamic finance of Jordan during the period (2000 – 2009) according of increasing  importance of these banks in recent and coming years to face challenges to maximize returns and minimize risks through financing with  Islamic formula to investigate of existence statistical significant  relationship between returns and risking Islamic bank , has been use of financial other statistical  measurement. Measuring return and risk of Islamic banks have not been widely considered ,except in few descriptive studies . The controversy among academic and professionals about hot to measure and evaluate a comprehe

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