Hedging is a linguistic avoidance of full commitment or precision. It is the use of a vague language. The main objectives of this study are to: (1) identify and classify the linguistic devices which act as hedges; (2) to examine the semantic functions of these devices. This paper makes use of word class as well as clausal constructions to represent the forms of hedges in relation to certain grammatical categories, namely: adverbials, epistemic verbs, modal verbs, cognitive verbs, hypothetical constructions, anticipatory it-clause, and anticipatory constructions. The text analysed is the first presidential debate between Senator Barak Obama and Senator John McCain on the campus of the University of Mississippi, during the presidential election campaign of the Republican and the Democrat parties in America.The results show that politicians use hedges to mild their language in process to, so that not to be proved wrong later. This justification is that the claims they had already made were only an approximation to the statements.
الواقعية في قصص يهوشاع كتان
موازين النقد في الشعر الفارسي
عنف الصورة السينمائية في الفضائيات
لا تحصى تلك الكتابات والمؤلفات التي تناولت اخلاقيات الاعمال (Business ethics) لكن الورقة الحالية التي سنقوم مخلصين بنقلها للعربية ليست مثلها أية مقالة قرأناها، فهي متفردة في اثارتها للموضوع في اطار الطروحات الفكرية لبعض رواد علم الادارة من المؤسسين الذين برزت شهرتهم في مرحلة ستينات القرن العشرين، وهم:
- W. Taylor
- I. Barnard
- F. Drucker
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المرآة في دراما الفضائيات المتعولمة
The theme of Orientalism has multiple directorial options depending on the great diversity of times, places, and personalities, Western and Eastern, and all of this made the director able to reveal his directorial capabilities and methods of addressing the idea of tendencies towards the East and colonial issues and transforming them into a cinematographic text that acquires its aesthetics through the superiority of the elements of photography. In the embodiment of the dramatic event and the enjoyment of the recipient in a way of displaying through camera movements and angles of photography, as well as high selectivity in choosing photography locations that transport the recipient to the narrative world in which the events take place..
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المتغير في النحت العراقي المعاصر