مقدمة
تدور الدراسة في علم الاقتصاد المنزلي حول احتیاجات الانسان الضروریة لاستمرار الحیاة ومواقف في محیط
الاسرة وتفاعل مع ظروف البیئة المحیطة بھ .والتي تكون دائمة التغییر لذلك یمكن تعریف علوم وفنون الاقتصاد
المنزلي وفنونھ انھا عبارة عن مجموعة منظمة من المعارف والعلوم تتركز في محور الاسرة والمنزل حیث ینمو
ویتطور الانسان بالعلاقات الانسانیة والنواحي الاقتصادیة والاجتماعیة من جھة والنواحي العلمیة والفنیة الخاصة
بالغذاء من جھة اخرى فضلا عن النواحي العلمیة والفنیھ الخاصة بالمنسوجات والملابس التي تحتاجھا افراد الاسرة
لاتصالھا الوثیق بحیاتھم الیومیة . بحیث یعتقد البعض انھ لایوجد حقل من حقول المعرفة یعنى بحاجات الاسرة
المعاصرة وادارتھا اكثر مما یستطیع تخصص الاقتصاد المنزلي تقدیمھ . ذلك انھ یتنافس مع حقول المعرفة
المتنوعة بجانبیھا النظري والعملي من خلال تطوره المستمر ذو العلاقة بتطور مفردات حیاة الانسان.
إن تطور غایات الاقتصاد المنزلي لھ اھمیة في جعل الفرد یعیش في المجتمع عضواً نافعاً ویساعد غیره من
الافراد . كذلك یساعد على تنمیة المفاھیم والمھارات التي یحتاجھا الفرد في حاضره ومستقبلھ . ومن ھذا المنطلق
جاءت اھمیة تخصص الاقتصاد المنزلي عالمیاً حیث اصبح لھ اقسام وكلیات متكاملة في مختلف البلدان شرقاً وغرباً
. وفي الوطن العربي ھناك كلیات متخصصة في الاقتصاد المنزلي ویدرس بجدیة في مدارس البنات ضمن المواد
الدراسیة في مناھجھا ولھ ثُقلھ الخاص لاھمیتھ للفتیات في حیاتھن ، كما ان ھناك جمعیات عالمیة للاقتصاد المنزلي
في دول مختلفة ومشھورة عالمیاً بالدوریات التي تصدرھا وبمؤتمراتھا الفعالة .
ومع التطور الاجتماعي والتقدم العلمي والتكنولوجي تغیر نمط الحیاة وزادت اھمیة الجانب العلمي لمختلف
انشطة الحیاة . ولذلك تغیر مفھوم الاقتصاد المنزلي ومضمونھ للایفاء بالاحتیاجات الجدیدة للاسرة والمجتمع واصبح
تركیزه حالیاً على الجانب العلمي وجعل الاسرة محوراً للدراسة فضلاً عن المرونة وسھولة التكیف للتغییرات التي
تمس حیاة الاسرة والمجتمع .
This work presents a design for a pressure swing adsorption process (PSA) to separate oxygen from air with approximately 95% purity, suitable for different numbers of columns and arrangements. The product refill PSA process was found to perform 33% better (weight of zeolite required or productivity) than the pressure equalization process. The design is based on the adsorption equilibrium of a binary mixture of O2 and N2 for two of the most commonly used adsorbents, 5A & 13X, and extension from a single column approach. Zeolite 13X was found to perform 6% better than zeolite 5A. The most effective variables were determined to be the adsorption step time and the operational pressure. Increasing the adsorption step
... Show MorePreserving the Past and Building the Future: A Sustainable Urban Plan for Mosul, Iraq
Background: In young adults, multiple sclerosis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory demyelinating condition. It is characterized by white matter affection, but many individuals also have significant gray matter involvement. A double-inversion recovery pulse (DIR) pattern was recently proposed to improve the visibility of multiple sclerosis lesions. Objective: To find out how well a DIR sequence, FLAIR, and T2-weighted pulse sequences can find MS lesions in the supratentorial and infratentorial regions. Methods: A total of 37 patients with established diagnoses of multiple sclerosis were included in this cross-sectional study. Brain MRI was done using double inversion recovery, T2, and FLAIR sequences. The number of lesions was count
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In this research we built a mathematical model of the transportation problem for data of General Company for Grain Under the environment of variable demand ,and situations of incapableness to determining the supply required quantities as a result of economic and commercial reasons, also restrict flow of grain amounts was specified to a known level by the decision makers to ensure that the stock of reserves for emergency situations that face the company from decrease, or non-arrival of the amount of grain to silos , also it took the capabilities of the tanker into consideration and the grain have been restricted to avoid shortages and lack of processing capability, Function has been adopted
... Show MoreThe effect of the aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.), Rhodium complex (?) with formula [RhL2CLH2O].1 1/2 ETOH and palladium (?) [pdl2].2ETOH,where L=2-hydroxy phenyl piperonalidine was studied on two cancer cell lines. The first cell line was intestine cancer of female albino mice (L20B), the second one was Rhabdomysarcomas (RD)cell line in human. The activity of the new complexes and the aqueous extract was compared to the well-known anticancer drug (cis-platin) by utilizing the in vitro system. The cell lines were treated with four concentrations of cis-platin 31.25,62.5,125 and 250 ?g/ml for 72 hour exposure time. The same concentrations were used with extract and the new complexes. This study showed that t
... Show MoreThe crystal structures of a new polymorph and seven new derivatives of 2-(1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine have been characterized and examined along with three structures from the literature to identify trends in their intermolecular contact patterns and packing arrangements in order to develop an insight into the crystallization behaviour of this class of compound. Seven unique C-H...X contacts were identified in the structures and three of these are present in four or more structures, indicating that these are reliable supramolecular synthons. Analysis of the packing arrangements of the molecules using XPac identified two closely related supramolecular constructs that are present in eight of the 11 structures; in all cases, the st
... Show MoreThe present work aims to study the combustion characteristics related to syngas-diesel dual-fuel engine operates at lambda value of 1.6 operated by five different replacement ratios (RR) of syngas with diesel, which are (10%, 20%, 30 %, 40 % and 50%). ANSYS Workbench (CFD) was used for simulating the combustion of the syngas-diesel dual-fuel engine. The numerical simulations were carried out on the Ricardo-Hydra diesel engine. The simulation results revealed that the diesel engine’s combustion efficiency was enhanced by increasing the diesel replacement with Syngas fuel. The diesel engine’s combustion efficiency The peak in-cylinder temperature was enhanced from 915.9K to 2790.5K
Objective. Infection with Coxsackie virus. This virus that damages pancreatic cells, has long been linked to the onset of insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM). Pro-inflammatory cytokines can be produced as a result of this illness. Tumor necrosis factor-a is one of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. Materials and Methods. Blood sample were collected from 180 Iraqi participants. Ninety of them is type 1 diabetic patients and other 90 is healthy control .both groups were tested for the incidence of Coxsackie virus B IgG. So the patients groups is divided to two groups according to sero positivity of CVB-IgG .all 180 patients tested to measure of level of TNF-α. Results. The Results showed increasing in levels of TNF-α in CBV po
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