Lying is a controversial issue as it is closely related to one's intended meaning to achieve certain pragmatic functions. The use of lying in literary works is closely related to the characters’ pragmatic functions as in the case of Miller's The Crucible where it is used as a deceptive complex phenomenon that cannot be observed out of context. That is, the use of lying as a deceptive phenomenon represents a violation to Grices's Maxims. Thus, the study aims to qualitatively examine the kinds of maxims being violated, the kinds of violations conducted, the strategies followed in the violations, and the pragmatic functions behind such violations across the different categories of lies. To this end, the (30) extracts found in Miller's The Crucible have been all examined following Grice's (1975/1978) Cooperative Principle and Implicature theories. The analysis has revealed that the quality maxim was breached most of the time with a percentage of (96,6~97%), covert violation occupied (66,6~67%) (the same percentages of both prototypical lies and Intentional Deceptive Lies), fabrication was with (83%) and the pragmatic function ''to avoid punishment'' appears with (46,6~47%). This means that truthfulness was violated beside other maxims, and strategies of fabrication. Such a violation enhances lying, and false-implicature, and intensifies the tragic end for most of the innocent characters. Minor lies are slightly concerned with plot development and events escalation. Finally, the characters lie in order to achieve certain pragmatic functions. However, the most dominant function adopted when lying was to avoid punishment.
أهمية الدراسة والحاجة اليها:
يعد النشاط المدرسي للمعلم والطالب جهدا عقلياً وبدنياً يبذله المعلم والطالب بمساعدة المدرسة لتحقيق اهداف مرسومة وهو ممارسة تظهر في اداء الطلبة على المستوى الحركي والفعلي والنفسي والاجتماعي بفعالية داخل المدرسة وخارجها. (اللقاني،بلا، ص82).
ان الانشطة والبرامج المدرسية التي تنظم داخل الصف
... Show Moreيعد موضوع الثورات العربية من الموضوعات التي تحظى بأهمية كبيرة على المستويين الاقليمي والدولي، لذا فقد طورت مؤسسات الابحاث الدولية ومراكز صنع القرار السياسي والاستراتيجي الاطر والمفاهيم الجديدة في مجال السياسة الدولية، نظرا للتطورات التي شهدتها المنطقة العربية والتي استدعت التطرق الى مجموعة من المفاهيم النظرية ذات العلاقة الوثيقة بما هو حاصل في المنطقة العربية من تغييرات مما تطلب الامر البحث والتدقيق ومن
... Show Moreالحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على سيد المرسلين، محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين وبعد:
فإن الله تعالى خلقنا أزواجا، وجعل منا الذكر والأنثى يميل بعضهم إلى بعض بالفطرة والطبع ليكونا بمشيئة الله أسرة، ويرزقان بنين وحفدة، وهذه سنة الله تعالى في الخلق لا يزيغ عنها إلا هالك.
ومن نعم الله تعالى على بني البشر أن جعل النكاح المشروع لا السفاح الممنوع أساس العلاقة بين ال
... Show Moreيعتبر مفهوم المجتمع المدني من بين سلة المفاهيم التي حملت لوائها واعادت رفعها حركات الموجة الثالثة من الديمقراطية في العالم التي نادت بالتعددية والانتخابات الحرة ...الخ .
The study aimed at detecting the extent of the practice of students Almtbakan skills crisis to teach in geographical sections of the Colleges of Education Baghdad University. The current research was limited to students in the fourth stage geographical divisions in the Faculties of Education for Girls and Ibn Rushd / Baghdad University for the academic year 2013-2014.
The View Finder methodology of the study and procedures, explaining the method used to obtain the data and information to achieve the goal of the search, and used the questionnaire and the way to achieve the goal of the research, as it was prepared based on the views of the exploratory and literature and previous studies and the experience o
... Show MoreThe present study aimed to measure the calendar estimates for my book Physics of the preparatory phase (fourth and fifth preparatory) has been a research sample consisted of 32 teachers and a school for 36 schools from both sides of the Rusafa and Karkh first To achieve the objectives Find promised researcher tool for measuring the calendar estimates for my book Physics of the preparatory phase in accordance with the contemporary scientific innovations as formed tool from 5 innovations built on the basis of which the paragraphs which formed the final version of the 21 paragraph manual are not substitutes to answer yes -No Your has been used Baha percentages to reach the results may reach current research conclusion which is defic
... Show MoreObjectives: To assess patients' satisfaction to nursing care at hemodialysis units and determine the relationship
between patients' satisfaction and patients' demographic data.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at hemodialysis units of Baghdad teaching hospitals from Feb.
4
th
, 2010 through Sep. 5
th, 2010. A purposive (non-probability) sample of (150) patients ta hemodialysis units ni
Baghdad teaching hospitals was selected. The data were collected through the use of constructing questionnaire
and by means of an interview technique with the patients; the questionnaire consists of two parts (1)
demographic data (2) patients' satisfaction to nursing care. The validity of the study questionnaire w
Abstract traditional acculturation is one of the significant phenomena which is used in the old and modern arabic poetry. Poets have found in this tradition and flourishing arena for acculturation and interaction to Express their thoughts and inspection