This research aims to shed light on the geography of Shatt Al-Gharraf, one of the main branches of the Tigris River south of the sedimentary plain, where the changes exposed by this Shatt (river) were followed by a set of old and modern maps, which date back to the years(3000 BC, 1771 AD, 1810 AD, 1944 AD, 1959 AD, 2009 AD, 2017 AD).Through this research, Shatt al-Gharrafwas found to be an integrated river in terms of the geomorphological phenomena of the rivers (river meanders, river islands, marshes, and estuary). Besides, it was exposed to several changes especially itsdownstream in the Euphrates. It was previously flowing into the Euphrates but due to a number of factors such as the shortage of water in the Tigris River in recent years and the establishment of many systems on Shatt Al-Gharaf, as well as the river sediments and the establishment of the General Downstream Trocar, all led to the disconnection between Shatt Al-Gharraf and the Euphrates.The old maps showed that in the past, Al-Gharraf was flowing into the Euphrates River at Nasiriyah, but due to the accumulation of sediments in Shatt al-Gharraf tributaries, the Shatt started to head east towards the central marshes.Moreover, the construction of the General Downstream Trocar was one of the reasons for the disconnection of Al-Gharaffrom the Euphrates in the city of Nasiriyah. TheAncient maps of the 18th century showed that Al-Gharraf was present in both branches, Al-Badaa and Al-Shatrah.
The aim of the research was to know the effect of the inquiry wheel model on chemical enlightenment among second-grade middle school female students in government daytime middle and secondary schools. Umm AlQura Middle School was chosen by intentional selection to be its students as the research sample for the academic year (2024-2025). Two groups were chosen, one of which was the experimental group studying using the inquiry wheel model and the other the control group studying in the usual way. The equivalence of the two research groups was verified by a set of variables, which were (chronological age in months, previous information test, Raven's intelligence test, chemical enlightenment scale). As for the research tool, the researchers bu
... Show MoreThe problem of the present study lies in the challenges that college education especially that concerns the quality of college teachers performance and developing the level of educational process quality.
This study aimed at constructing a vision the researchers have constructed depending on the standards of performance quality represented by Deming's quality course. The researchers presented a number of skills that should be existed in the performance of college teacher through using the analytic and constructing approach in imagining this drawing to develop performance.
The study results represented by a number of efficiencies that college teachers shoul
... Show MoreThis paper deals with load-deflection behavior the jointed plain concrete pavement system using steel dowel bars as a mechanism to transmit load across the expansion joints. Experimentally, four models of the jointed plain concrete pavement system were made, each model consists of two slabs of plain concrete that connected together across expansion by two dowel bars and the concrete slab were supported by the subgrade soil. Two variables were dealt with, the first is diameter of dowel bar (12, 16 and 20 mm) and the second is type of the subgrade soil, two types of soil were used which classified according to the (AASHTO): Type I (A-6) and type II (A-7-6). Experimental results showed that increasing dowel bar diameter from 12 mm to 20 mm
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תקציר
הילדות נחשבה השלב חשוב בתולדות האדם, וגם המשפיע ביותר בהיווצרות של אישיותו, משום שבו תתהווה את הליבה של ציוני דרך אישיותו של האדם, ויתגבש בו את ציוני דרכו ותכונותו שלו, וגם תשרטט את הבסיס העיקרי של מה יהיה האדם בעתיד. היות והילדות נשארה היא והשלכותיה בקרבו של האדם, עם זכרונותיה היפות והעצובים כאחד, במחקר זה עסקנו בילדותו של הסופר עמוס עוז כסיסמה לפענוח לדמותו, ולספרותו, כמו כן לכאבים שהעברו
... Show MoreThe research aims to demonstrate the impact of governance mechanisms on the quality of financial reports in the light of the accounting disclosure for sustainable development represented in (accounting disclosure for economic development, accounting disclosure for environmental development, and accounting disclosure for social development) in a sample of banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange.
Governance mechanisms were measured by evaluating and analyzing the mechanisms in banks for the research sample consisting of (15) banks, based on the governance guide issued by the Central Bank, as well as the banks’ financial reports for the years 2016 -2018, and the dimensions of accounting disclosure for sust
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(4)
يُبحر هذا البحث في أغوار نظام تنظيم التجارة الإلكترونية في العراق رقم (4) لسنة 2025، بوصفه تشريعاً استُحدث ليكون جسراً تعبرُ من خلاله الأسواق من نمطية المعاملات التقليدية إلى آفاق المنصات الرقمية العابرة للحدود، ويستقصي البحث بعينٍ ناقدة تلك الهفوات المفاهيمية والتنظيمية التي اعتلت صياغات النظام، لا سيما في اجتراح تعاريف دقيقة للتجارة الإلكترونية والتاجر الإلكتروني، فضلاً عن ارتباك ملامح نطاق السريان، ومتا
... Show Moreتعرض الاقتصاد العراقي إلى صدمات نقدية شديدة بسبب الظروف السياسية والاقتصادية غير المستقرة والمتمثلة بشكل أساسي لخوض العراق حرب طويلة الأمد مع إيران في الثمانينات وحربين مدمرتين مع الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية فضلاً عن فرض الحصار الاقتصادي طيلة ثلاثة عشر عاما ً .
وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى قياس وتحليل الصدمات النقدية التي تعرض لها الاقتصاد العراقي في فترة الثمانينات والتسعينات وبداية هذا القر
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(1)
يشغل المجال النووي الايراني اهتمام دولي كبير الامر الذي جعل من الولايات المتحدة الامريكية تفرض قيودا اقتصادية على ايران لتحجيم دورها في المنطقة
شكل العنف مظهرا من المظاهر التي عصفت بالمجتمع العراقي مابعد 2003
The present study discusses the problem based learning in Iraqi classroom. This method aims to involve all learners in collaborative activities and it is learner-centered method. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follow” It is hypothesized that there is no statistically significant differences between the achievements of Experimental group and control group”. Thirty learners are selected to be the sample of present study.Mann-Whitney Test for two independent samples is used to analysis the results. The analysis shows that experimental group’s members who are taught according to problem based learning gets higher scores than the control group’s members who are taught according to traditional method. This
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