Background: Limited data are available on the dimensional stability and surface roughness of ThermoSens, which is a material used in denture processing. This study aimed to measure the vertical teeth changes and surface roughness of ThermoSens dentures prepared using three different investment materials. Materials and methods: For the dimensional changes test, 30 complete maxillary dentures were prepared using different investment methods: group I, dental stone; group II, silicone putty; and group III, a mixture of dental stone and plaster (ratio, 1:1; n = 10 for each group). Four screws were attached to the dentures: two were attached to the buccal surface of the canine and first molar, and the other two were attached in the flange areas of the canine and first molar in line with the previously mentioned screws. Measurements were made using a micrometer microscope in the wax stage before flasking and in the deflasking stage. The above investment techniques were also used to prepare samples for a surface roughness test (n = 10 per group). These samples were prepared according to the specifications of the American Dental Association. Data were examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the least significant difference (LSD) test. Results: One-way ANOVA and LSD revealed that dimensional changes significantly differed among all groups, except that the vertical teeth changes on the left side did not differ between groups I and II for both the canine and molar regions. Surface roughness was significantly higher in group I than in group II, and in group III than in group II. Conclusion: The use of putty silicone for investing ThermoSens complete dentures reduced dimensional changes and resulted in dentures with a better fit. Surface roughness could be reduced by the addition of a putty silicone layer over the denture before the addition of the second investment layer during denture processing.
Abstract:
The current research is aimed at analyzing the impact of the dimensions of Job involvement of all of (the enthusiasm, the Devotion, Assimilation ) in the Crystallize organizational Identification across the dimensions of (organizational loyalty, membership, similarities) and was named the Middle East, the Iraqi Investment Bank room to look as the research community of staff adopted in the bank, to be applied to a Random sample of (100) employees working in the said bank, and developed for the purposes of data collection, a questionnaire form included three axes covered (32) paragraph of the measure, which is included adopted Liekrt Quintet for the
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Background: In dentistry, dentist takes the advantages of soft lining materials due to the viscoelastic properties. The major problem is the adhesion of the soft liner with the denture base material. Materials and Methods: Heat cured of high impact acrylic resin specimens prepared with dimensions 75x13x13mm for shear bond strength test, soft lining material (Refit and Mollosil) with a 3-mm thickness and used to join each two acrylic blocks. Also four specimens with the same previous dimensions utilized for chemical and physical surface analysis. The specimens grouped as control (without plasma) and experiment (with oxygen plasma) treated high impact acrylic specimens. Results: Plasma treatment increased the shear bond strength for both Refi
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One of the most important problems facing the world today is the energy problem. The solution was in finding renewable energy sources such as solar energy. The solar energy applications in Iraq is facing many problems . One of the most important problems is the accumulation of dust on the solar panels surface which causes decreasing its performance sharply. In the present work, a new technique was presented by using two-axis solar tracking system to reduce the accumulated dust on the solar panel surface and compared it with the fixed solar panels which installed at tilt angles 30° and 45°. The results indicated that the maximum losses of the output power due to accumulation of dust on the fixed solar panels is about 31.4% and 23.1% res
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This paper analyses the relationship between selected macroeconomic variables and gross domestic product (GDP) in Saudi Arabia for the period 1993-2019. Specifically, it measures the effects of interest rate, oil price, inflation rate, budget deficit and money supply on the GDP of Saudi Arabia. The method employs in this paper is based on a descriptive analysis approach and ARDL model through the Bounds testing approach to cointegration. The results of the research reveal that the budget deficit, oil price and money supply have positive significant effects on GDP, while other variables have no effects on GDP and turned out to be insignificant. The findings suggest that both fiscal and monetary policies should be fo
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The estimation of the amounts of Surface runoff resulting from rainfall in the water basins is of great importance in water resources management. The study area (Bahr Al-Najaf) is located on the western edge of the plateau and the southwestern part of the city center of Najaf, with an area of 2729.4 (km2). The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) with ArcGIS software was used to simulate the runoff coming from the three main valleys (Kharr (A and B)), Shoaib Al-Rahimawi, and Maleh), that contribute the flow to the study area. The results of the model showed that the SWAT software was successfully simulating the flow conditions based on the coefficient of determination (R2), the Nash coefficient (NS
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