Background: The incisive canal is an anatomical structure with an important location in the anterior maxilla, analyzing this canal and its relation to the bone anterior to the canal is necessary during dental implant. Aim of this study is evaluated effect of gender, age and tooth loss in area of maxillary central incisors teeth on the dimensions of incisive canal and buccal bone anterior to the canal using spiral computed tomography. Materials and Methods: Sample consists of prospective study for 156 subjects for both gender, they divided into two groups, 120 dentate group (60 male and 60 female) with age ranging from (20-70) and 36 edentate group (with missing maxillary central incisors) (18 male and 18 female) with age ranging from (50-70). All subjects attended to Baquba teaching general hospital in Diyala for computed tomography scan investigation for different diagnostic purposes. The following were measured and recorded from sagittal section of CT for analysis 1-diameter and length of incisive canal.2- distance and length of buccal bone anterior to canal. Result: Gender had effect on the dimensions of incisive canal and buccal bones anterior to this canal, the mean values begin higher in male as compared to female. Dental status had effect on incisive canal length and buccal bone dimensions, mean values is higher in dentate than in edentate group, canal diameter remain unchanged with dental status. Age had no effect on all selected measurements in study sample. Duration of maxillary central incisors teeth loss had effect on canal length and buccal bone dimensions mean values begin lower in long duration than that in short duration while it had weak effect on incisive canal diameter. Conclusion: Gender and dental status are important factors that can affect incisive canal and amount of bone anterior to canal.
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The research aims to find the impact of a proposed strategy according to the Luria model on realistic thinking among fifth-class scientific students and their achievement in mathematics. To achieve it, the experimental research method and the quasi-experimental design were used for two equal groups, one of them is a control group taught in traditional way and the other is an experimental one taught according to strategy based on Luria model. The research community represents the students of the fifth scientific class from the General Directorate of Education of Karkh First. The research sample (40) students were deliberately chosen and distributed equally between the two groups after making sure that they were equals in their previo
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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity plays a central role in causing disability both directly and via indirect effects mediated through joint damage. Evaluation of RA disease activity is therefore important to predict the outcome and effectiveness of therapeutic interventions during follow-up. Clinical disease activity index (CDAI) is new simple tool for measurement of disease activity.
Objectives: To assess validity and reliability of CDAI in comparison to disease activity score-28 joints (DAS28) in Iraqi patients with active RA.
Patients and Methods: Sixty nine Iraqi RA patients were included in this study. All patients were fulfilling the ACR classification criteria and active. Full history was taken and comple
High-volume traffic with ultra-heavy axle loads combined with extremely hot weather conditions increases the propagation of rutting in flexible pavement road networks. Several studies suggested using nanomaterials in asphalt modification to delay the deterioration of asphalt pavement. The current work aims to improve the resistance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) to rutting by incorporating Nano Silica (NS) in specific concentrations. NS was blended into asphalt mixtures in concentrations of 2, 4, and 6% by weight of the binder. The behavior of asphalt mixtures subjected to aging was investigated at different stages (short-term and long-term aging). The performance characteristics of the asphalt mixtures were evaluated using the Marshall s
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In the present research the flame retardancy to buildings and industrial foundations which are manufacturing from advanced polymeric composite material was increased by coating it with surface layer included flame retardant material. A(3mm) thick antimony tetroxide was used as a coated layer to retard and prevent the flame spread to the coating surface of polyester resin (SIROPOL 8340-PI) reinforced with hybrid fibers as a woven roving (°45-°0) consist of carbon and kevlar (49) fibers, and exposed it to direct flame generated from gas torch at temperature of (2000ºC), at different exposed distance (10,15,20mm)and study the rang of resistance for this layer and its ability to protec
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The molluscicidal effects of herbicide 2, 4-D were studied against tow species of freshwater snail Bulinus truncatus and Melanopsis nodosa by short term experiments. Calculated values of lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC100) were maid to two spices for different period of time 24hr, 48hr, 72hr and 96hr. The study had showed that the herbicide 2, 4-D was toxic against the tow species. The toxicity of the herbicide was low or unknown in low concentrations in the first period of exposure 24and 48hr to two spices but it increase gradually with increase period of exposure. The spice of B.truncatus was more tolerant than the M.nodosa. All the individual of M nodosa was death while in B.truncatus the complete death was not appear until finish the
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This paper describes the development of a simple spectrophotometric determination of bismuth III with 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) in aqueous solution in the presence of cetypyridinium chloride surfactant at pH 5 which exhibits maximum absorption at 532 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the range 5-200 µg/25 mL. i.e. 0.2-8 ppm with a molar absorptivity of 3×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 and Sandell's sensitivity index of 0.0069 µg.cm-2. The method has been applied successfully in the determination of Bi (III) in waters and veterinary preparation.