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An evaluation of an Iraqi phosphate-bonded investment and a commercial type on the marginal fit of ceramometalcopings using three different investing and burnout techniques
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Background: The accuracy of fitness of any dental casting is imperative for the success of any prosthodontic treatment. From the time that dental casting was first introduced, efforts have been made to produce more accurate and better fitted castings with minimal marginal discrepancy. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of three different investing and burnout techniques on the vertical marginal discrepancies ofceramometalcopings invested with two types of phosphate- bonded investments. Materials and methods: Sixty wax patterns were fabricated on a standardized prepared brass die representing an upper central incisor by the aid of a custom-made split mold. Three different investing and burnout techniques were applied for an Iraqi investment and a commercial type; Group I:Ring investing with conventional burnout technique (RC);Group II: Ringless investing with conventional burnout technique (RLC);Group III: Ring investing with accelerated burnout technique (RA).Twenty wax patterns of each group were divided into two subgroups according to the type of investment material used (10 for each subgroup) represented as (B) for the BellaStar XL and (W) for the WYMvest investments. Complete castings were finished and seated on the metal die. The accuracy of fit of each coping was determined by measuring the vertical marginal discrepancies between the finish line on the metal die and the margins of each coping at four specific reference points on the labial, mesial, palatal, and distal aspects of the die by the aid of a light microscope supplied with a digital camera.The arithmetic mean of each three records was computed and regarded as the amount of the marginal discrepancy of each coping and was used as a unit for the statistical analysis. Results: Mean marginal accuracy for W(RLC)was found to be the least (13.839+4.5724 um) while the highest mean value related to B(RLC) (29.033+2.102 um). In general, ANOVA test showed significant results among the mean values of the Binvestment subgroups while LSD test showed non-significance between the (RA) and both the (RC) and (RLC) subgroups. On the other hand, significance was present between the (RLC) and (RA)of the Winvestment subgroups while non-significance was located between the (RC) and both the (RLC) and (RA) subgroups. Comparing similar subgroups of the two tested investments, the Student's t-test showed non-significance between the (RC) subgroups while high significance was located between the (RLC) and (RA) subgroups respectively.Concerning the vertical marginal discrepancy of the copings, applying the (RC) technique for both investments caused non-statistical significance between the labial, mesial, palatal, and distal aspects.The (RLC) technique caused high significance between the four aspects, while the (RA) technique caused non-significance between the labial aspect only and the others. Conclusion: The Iraqi investment generally produced less vertical marginal discrepancies (using the three different investing and burn-out techniques) than the commercial investment.In order to achieve a better marginal fit, it seems that ceramometalcopings invested with the commercial investment tested are better be cast using the conventional ring investing and burnout technique.

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 16 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Shear bond strength of stainless steel brackets bonded to porcelain surface treated with 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel compared to hydro fluoric acid with silane coupling agent (In vitro comparative study)
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Background: With the increasing demands for adult orthodontics, a growing need arises to bond attachments to porcelain surfaces. Optimal adhesion to porcelain surface should allow orthodontic treatment without bond failure but not jeopardize porcelain integrity after debonding.The present study was carried out to compare the shear bond strength of metal bracket bonded to porcelain surface prepared by two mechanical treatments and by using different etching systems (Hydrofluoric acid 9% and acidulated phosphate fluoride 1.23%). Materials and Methods: The samples were comprised of 60 models (28mm *15mm*28mm) of metal fused to porcelain (feldspathic porcelain). They were divided as the following: group I (control): the porcelain surface left u

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 13 2023
Journal Name
International Conference Of Computational Methods In Sciences And Engineering Iccmse 2021
Management of the flood disaster and assessment their damaged areas using remote sensing and GIS techniques: A case study of Tigris River – Maysan Governorate, Iraq
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2014
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Arts of Media Writing / An Empirical Study on the Privacy of Media Writing
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Media writing is accuracy writing. Clarity and concision are its predominant features. It is a writing that goes straight to the essence because it has no time to waste. Furthermore, it must be as accurate as scientific writing. It is destined for the average reader and has to be understood by everyone. However, it can be as elegant as literary writing. The variety in its forms of expression does not prevent media writing from having its own amplitude.

In short, this study is a practical approach that aims at studying different kinds of writing styles and identifying the specificity of media writing using some patterns and examples

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Science International
USING CRYPTOANALYSIS POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES TO CREATE STRONG PASSWORD
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Banking liquidity and the possibility of invested it in enhancing the solvency For a number of commercial banks in Iraq
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The primary function of commercial banks is the process of converting liquid liabilities such as deposits to illiquid assets, (also known as a loan), liquid assets, (aka cash and cash equivalent) in a balanced manner between liquid and illiquid assets, that guaranteed the preservation of the rights of depositors and the bank and not by converting liquid liabilities into liquid assets in a very large percentage. This comes from its role as depository and intermediary institutions between supply and demand, therefore, we find that the high indicators of bank liquidity and solvency may reflect a misleading picture of the status of commercial banks, to some extent in terms of the strength of their balance sheets and

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measuring and Analyzing The Causal Relationship between Investing Government Expenditure non-oil GDP in Iraq For The Period (1990-2011)
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The investment government expenditure is considered the fundamental of enhancing the economic activity as it has become a mean for achieving capital accumulation in all economic  sectors, The Iraqi economy is characterized of being yield unilateral depending petroleum  revenues as an essential  resource of financing government expenditure , as  the contribution of petroleum  sector in GDP is large in proportions to other economic sectors  contribution.

 The relationship between investing government expenditure, and non-oil GDP  is about to be not existent during the

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Use of Nondestructive Evaluation Technology in the Rationalization of costs: An Application In Baghdad Soft Drinks Company " Private Contribution"
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Big developments in technology have led to upset the balance of ideas, given of its own post new properties for products not provided by traditional technology, especially economic units operating within the industrial sector, and therefore it is important to develop the Iraqi industrial sector and interest to do its vital role in light Of progress technological, and the cost accounting has benefited from this technology to development its goals in the regulatory process through the use of non-destructive evaluation perspective in carrying out its functions and to provide appropriate assistance for the use of the products, which were traditional accounting does not take them into consideration. The research aims to a statement that the u

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2015
Journal Name
Mathematical Methods In The Applied Sciences
An inverse problem of finding the time-dependent diffusion coefficient from an integral condition
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 19 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Dental Journal
Matching the Iris Color of Ocular Prosthesis Using an Eye Contact Lens: New Technique
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Computers And Concrete
Improving the seismic performance of reinforced concrete frames using an innovative metallic-shear damper
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