Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a problem for pregnant women, and it affects general and oral health. This problem increases as vitamin D requirements increase during pregnancy. This study was conducted among pregnant women in urban and rural areas in order to assess the relation between salivary vitamin D3 and dental caries. Materials and methods: In this comparative cross-sectional study, all women participating were attending the primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad city in AL-Karkh sector, they were with age ranged from (15-44) years old. The total number 90 pregnant women in the second trimester only which include: The first group consists of (45) pregnant women attendance seeking dental treatment in urban areas, The second group consists of (45) pregnant women attendance seeking dental treatment in rural areas. Collection of the unstimulated saliva was done according to Tenovuo (1996). After that the clinical examination of Dental caries DMFT/S was performed according to the world health organization in (2013). Results: The findings of this study revealed that the percentage of pregnant women in the age range of 15–29 years was higher in the rural areas than in the urban areas. While those in the age range of 30–44 years were higher in the urban areas. Regarding the age, the percentage of dental caries experience was increased with age. Regarding the area, the percentage of dental caries was higher in the urban area than in the rural area. The highest mean value of DMFT was found in the urban area, with no significant differences. While the highest mean value of DMFS was found in the rural areas with no statistically significant difference, except the FS, where was statistically significant and higher in the urban areas. The mean value of salivary vitamin D3 was found to be higher in rural areas than in urban areas, although statistically non-significant. The correlation between dental caries experience (DMFT/S) and salivary vitamin D3 level was statistically non-significant among urban and rural pregnant women, except in the urban areas where the DMFS was found to be significant with salivary vitamin D3. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, there was a non-significant negative correlation between dental caries and salivary vitamin D3 among pregnant women in urban and rural areas. Except, the correlation between dental caries experience by surfaces and salivary vitamin D3 was negative and significant among urban pregnant women.
Teachers play a critical role in planning, organizing, coordinating, monitoring, and instructing, hence the topic of leadership styles receives a lot of attention. As a result, the physical education school is regarded as the most significant component of the educational process because it has the ability to weave together the teaching and educational skills, attitudes, and capacities that its students develop. Fits into their identities through her relationship with them. Teachers play a critical role in planning, organizing, coordinating, monitoring, and instructing, hence the topic of leadership styles receives a lot of attention. As a result, the physical education school is regarded the most significant aspect in the educational proces
... Show MoreThe research aims at the scholars’attention to the importance and role of Arab Muslim women through books and historical studies that historians and scholars have taken up like Ibn Al-Jawzi (597 AH) and his book Safwat Al-Safwa, where he presented the conduct of worship and their words and deeds, and explained to women worshipers other aspects of their lives, such as the scientific aspect Crafts and works as well as their prominent role in preaching and religious guidance, and the impact of this on their morals and qualities. This study showed the strength of the personality of women and their high interest in worship. The importance of the study lies in knowledge.The research followed the role of Muslim women to carry t
... Show MoreThe advancement of science and technology in recent years has led to heavy and diversified production and thus market congestion in various goods and services; which led to an increase of competition among advertisers in order to meet the needs and wishes and to upgrade to the level of consumers. These upgrades have imposed an increase in the usage of the promotions, including advertising in terms of quantity and quality, to influence and persuade customers innovatively and creatively using all available mass media.
The research aims to identify the attitudes of residents of poor areas towards television advertisements for medicines, and the impact of those advertisements on them in terms of making purch
... Show MoreObjective(s): To determine the impact of psychological distress in women upon coping with breast cancer.
Methodology: A descriptive design is carried throughout the present study. Convenient sample of (60) woman with breast cancer is recruited from the community. Two instruments, psychological distress scale and coping scale are developed for the study. Internal consistency reliability and content validity are obtained for the study instruments. Data are collect through the application of the study instruments. Data are analyzed through the use of descriptive statistical data analysis approach and inferential statistical data analysis approach.
Results: The study findings depict that women with breast cancer have experien
... Show MoreCollapsing building structures during recent earthquakes, especially in Northern and Eastern Kurdistan, including the 2003 earthquake in Cewlig; the 2011 earthquake in Van; and the 2017 earthquake near Halabja province, has raised several concerns about the safety of pre-seismic code buildings and emergency facilities in Erbil city. The seismic vulnerability assessment of the hospital buildings as emergency facilities is one of the necessities which have a critical role in the recovery period following earthquakes. This research aims to study in detail and to extend the present knowledge about the seismic vulnerability of the Rizgary public hospital building in Erbil city, which was constructed before releasing the seism
... Show MoreEndometriosis is a common women health disorder that occurs when Endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus. This may lead to irregular bleeding , pelvic pain, infertility and other complications. Metformin, because of its activity to improve insulin sensitivity, it is used for the treatment of diabetes; it also has a modulatory effect on ovarian steroid production and has anti-inflammatory properties, all may suggest its possible effect in treatment of endometriosis. This study was planned to determine the effect of metformin on serum levels of&nbs
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