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The Dental Caries Experience in Relation to Salivary Flow Rate, SIgA and Mutans Streptococci Bacteria in Smoker and Non-Smoker Patients
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Background: Dental caries is a localized, progressive destructive, largely irreversible microbial based disease of multifactorial nature; these factors include (host, microbes and food) they influence differently on the initiation and progression of dental caries. The aims of the study: was to evaluate the effect of smoking on salivary flow rate, secretory immunoglobulin (SIgA) level and viable count of mutans streptococci (M.S) bacteria in oral cavity and their relation to dental caries experience. Material and method: The samples were collected from 80 male students ranging in ages from 18-22 years old. Where they divided in to two groups, 40 non-smokers (control group) and 40 smokers (study group). Unstimulated salivary samples were collected. Salivary flow rate was estimated and viable count (CFU/ml) of mutans streptococci was determined. The diagnosis and recording of dental caries were done according to WHO, 1987 criteria and the level of SIgA was determined by ELISA. Result: the result revealed that the salivary flow rate and SIgA level were lower in smoker group than non-smoker, while the means value of dental caries experience Decay, Missing and Filling tooth (DMFT) and (CFU/ml)of M.S were higher in oral cavity of smoker group than non-smoker group. Conclusion: the smoking has negative effect on salivary flow rate, SIgA and increase the viable bacterial count of M.S and dental caries in smoker patients

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 15 2024
Journal Name
Mammalia
Brandt’s Hedgehog, <i>Paraechinus hypomelas</i> (Brandt, 1836), new to the mammal fauna of Iraq
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Abstract<p>Due to the wide distribution through the Iranian Plateau, especially in its western parts adjacent to Iraq’s northeastern borders, the occurrence of Brandt’s Hedgehog <italic>Paraechinus hypomelas</italic> (Brandt, 1836) was suspected, but no confirmed records were made. In 2021–2023, several sightings were obtained during <italic>in situ</italic> surveys in the Bamo-Khoshk Mountains in the Kurdistan region-northeastern Iraq which confirm the first occurrence of this species in the country.</p>
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
STUDY THE CHARACATERISTIC OF SOILS TO DETERMINE SOME TYPES OF LANDS DEGRADATION FOR MAHMUDIYA DISTRICT
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This study comprised three traverses extending parallel through the Northern, Central and Southern Mahmudiya districts, and perpendicular to the course of the Euphrates River. They were identified to collect (15) soil samples and some water samples as distributed within the land cover classes of the study area. Those classes were determined by visual interpretation and supervised classification for Landsat (TM) images obtained in August/2007. The digital classification was based on Maximum Likelihood method using six spectral bands excluding the thermal band. Chemical and physical laboratory analysis for the soil characteristics was performed to determine the types of land degradation in the study area.
The results showed that the hig

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Utilization of Arabic Calligraphy to Inspire Modern Arabic Type Designs: ربا حسن أبو حسنة
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Arabic calligraphy is one of the greatest achievements of Islamic art. The visual form of Arabic calligraphy is the primary means of presenting ideas and messages for expressive communication in Arabic typefaces. Emerging computer technology with calligraphy is essential for effective visual designs; however, traditional typefaces are insufficient in number and quality to fulfill the requirements of the current Saudi industry. Thus, this research investigates the processes followed by graphic designers to create modern Arabic type designs inspired by Arabic calligraphy, and presents the characteristics of Arabic calligraphy. The research implemented a mixed experimental and descriptive method, exploring 10 typefaces designed by professio

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 24 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Instagram from a media tool to a marketing tool: بتول السيد مصطفى جواد أحمد
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The subject of this study is one of the most interactive media networks, which is the Instagram.The study uses a descriptive approach and focuses on how Instagram turns from a media tool to a marketing tool. The study problematic consists of this question: How Instagram turns to a marketing tool, and what are the advantages and the disadvantages for that?This study highlights the definition of Instagram, the creation of it and its improvement, the Instagram in Bahrain, the Instagram uses, the Instagram as a marketing tool, and the advantages and disadvantages of using Instagram for marketing.The study confirms that Instagram is a new media network, and focuses on how it develops on later stages and mentions the increase of the percentage

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Matec Web Of Conferences
Assessing the performance of commercial Agisoft PhotoScan software to deliver reliable data for accurate3D modelling
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3D models delivered from digital photogrammetric techniques have massively increased and developed to meet the requirements of many applications. The reliability of these models is basically dependent on the data processing cycle and the adopted tool solution in addition to data quality. Agisoft PhotoScan is a professional image-based 3D modelling software, which seeks to create orderly, precise n 3D content from fixed images. It works with arbitrary images those qualified in both controlled and uncontrolled conditions. Following the recommendations of many users all around the globe, Agisoft PhotoScan, has become an important source to generate precise 3D data for different applications. How reliable is this data for accurate 3D mo

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 07 2024
Journal Name
Asian Pacific Journal Of Cancer Prevention
The Effect of NF-κB Deactivation on Cancer Cell Response to ALA Mediated Photodynamic Therapy
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due to the presence of chemoresistance and the risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis. There is a pressing necessity to develop efficient treatments to improve response for treatment and increase prolong survival of breast cancer patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted interest for its features as a noninvasive and relatively selective cancer treatment. This method relies on light-activated photosensitizers that, upon absorbing light, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) with powerful cell-killing outcomes. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a transcription factor, plays a key role in cancer development by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Inhibiting NF-κB can sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapeuti

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Biochemistry And Cell Biology
EFFECT OF ADDED ALGAE POWDER (ASCOMAX) TO THE DIET ON SOME PRODUCTION TRAITS OF BROILERS
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The study was conducted in the poultry field, College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University from 1/3/2018 to 6/4/2018 to determine the effect of commercial Ascomax powder produced from seaweed (Ascophyllum nodocum) on some productive performance of broilers. A total of 400, one day, Ross 308 broiler chicks were used for 35 days. The chicks were randomly distributed to 4 treatments, four replicates per treatment (25 chick / replicate). The treatments were as follows: T1: (control treatment), while T2, T3 and T4 added diet by Ascomax powder by 1, 1.5 and 2 g per 1 kg of the basal diet, respectively. The results of the study showed a significant superiority (P <0.05) for the added Ascomax powder treatments compared to the treatment of control

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 04 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect the Thickness on the Electrical Properties and (I-V) Character of the (CdTe) Thin Films and Find the Efficiency of Solar Cell CdTe/CdS
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Thin films of CdTe were prepared with thickness (500, 1000) nm on the glass substrate by vacuum evaporation technique at room temperature then treated different annealing temperatures (373,473,and 573)K for one hour. Results of the Hall Effect and the electrical conductivity of (I-V) characteristics were measured in darkness and light.at different annealing temperature results show that the thin films have ability to manufacture solar cells, and found that the efficient equal to (2.18%) for structure solar cell (Algrid / CdS / CdTe /glass/ Al) and the efficient equal to (1.12%) for structure solar cell (Algrid / CdS / CdTe /Si/ Al) with thick ness of (1000) nm with CdTe thin films at RT.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 16 2019
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
News frames for the phenomenon of terrorism in international satellite channels directed in Arabic An analytical study of the main news bulletins in the Russian channel today 1/2/31/5/2018
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International satellite channels in Arabic are targeted to the region with their news bulletins and their innovative programs, attracting the interest of the Arab viewers in their news articles and programs with new ideas and methods as well as high technology in the production and synthesis of videos. Therefore, they work on framing the above, And the media policy that governs, so focused the problem of the study to try to answer the question of the President is how to frame the international satellite channels in Arabic to the phenomenon of terrorism? What are the aspects that are working to highlight and aspects that try to hide? The study adopted the survey methodology for the main news bulletins in the Russian channel today for the

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 18 2019
Journal Name
مجلة الدراسات الدولية
The media message of ISIS: The content of the discourse and the mechanisms of media confrontation. The media message of ISIS: The content of the discourse and the mechanisms of media confrontation.
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يهدف البحث الى صياغة استراتيجية اعلامية لمواجهة اعلام التنظيمات الارهابية

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