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Oral cleanness and periodontal health status among coffee-shop workers in Najaf city / Iraq
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Background: Water-pipe can be defined as a single or multi stemmed device that used to vaporize and smoke flavored tobacco whose smoke is passed via water vase before inhalation. Water-pipe smokers are at risk of exposure to many toxic chemicals that are not filtered by water, as well as risk of infectious diseases when the mouth piece of the water-pipe is shared. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of water pipe on the oral health. Materials and Methods: Sixty persons were included in this study aged between 22 and 23 years. Forty persons were coffee shop workers for at least five years, half of them were water-pipe smokers (active smokers) and the other weren’t smokers (passive smoker), the last group was the control group which includes twenty non-smoker students matching the study group in the age, gender and geographical location. They had been diagnosed for plaque index of Silness and Leo in1964, calculus index according to calculus component of the Periodontal Disease Index, (PDI) of Ramfjord 1959 and gingival index of Löe and Sillness 1963 as well as loss of attachment according to criteria of WHO in1997. The values of the present study were subjected to statistical analysis by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 to specify the statistical differences between the three groups. The Kruskal-wallis test was used to determine the statistical significance of difference between the three groups. Mann-Whitney test was used to assess the statistical significance of difference between each 2 groups. Results: The mean rank values of dental plaque were recorded to be the highest among the coffee shop workers who were active water-pipe smokers group followed by the workers who were passive water-pipe smokers then control with statistically highly significant difference. Similar results were obtained concerning gingival and calculus indices with statistically highly significant difference. There is no significant difference concerning the attachment loss attachment loss among water-pipe smokers and the control group. Conclusions: this study concluded that water-pipe smoking is negatively associated with the oral cleanness and gingival health.

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 18 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Strategic dimensions of the Turkish role in the map of international and regional forces balances
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It is necessary to examine the nature of the Turkish position and what Turkey seeks to achieve at the international, regional and Iraqi levels. Or is this external role an expression of foreign policy and has not yet reached the level of maturity that reaches the stage of strategy? The answer to this question is the essence of research in the Turkish role. The answer to this question requires the realization of the elements and pillars that guarantee Turkey's continuity and survival. Continuity is a cornerstone of the strategy. The continuity of the role and its interaction with the event and the ability to employ multiple alternatives are what qualify the state to describe its politics. The external strategy has evolved into. In order t

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2017
Journal Name
Al-nahrain Journal For Engineering Sciences (njes)
Experimental Investigation of Forced Convection Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Open Cell Aluminum Fins
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archives
MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION AND HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE JEJUNUM IN THE IRAQI BLACK PARTRIDGE (FRANCOLINUS FRANCOLINUS)
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2000
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Adsorption of NO2/N2O4 into Water and Dilute Nitric Acid in a Double Stirrer Adsorber
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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Pricing Banking services and its impact in profitability: بحث تطبيقي لعينة من المصارف التجارية الخاصة
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Current study was Based on the variables interact with each other to form a general framework of  the pricing of banking services, and the role of profitability in the banking activity, because profit is the most important goal of commercial banks,  that  included the study United Bank, North Bank and Bank of Baghdad, and the each formation of bank were was collected about the prices (Iraqi dinar and the U.S. dollar) and interest percentages and then revenue (Iraqi Dinars) through banking channels, and each channel service included a group of well-known banking operations.

The study found that the effect of prices, and interest on profitability and clear. There have been a correlation between the rates, and interes

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Particle size effect on XRF measurements of Copper and Zinc particles suspended in hydrocarbon materials
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Copper and Zinc powders with different particle sizes were subjected to sieving of range (20-100?m) and He-Ne laser system to determine the particle size . 1wt% from each powders was blended carefully with 99wt% from Iraqi oil . Microscopic examination were carried for all samples to reveal the particle size distribution . XRF intensity measurements were conducted for all suspended samples , and the relation between XRF intensity and the particle size was found .

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Spectrophotometric Determination of Bismuth(III) with Arsenazo(III) Reagent in Water samples and Veterinary Preparation
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A simple , sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method for the trace determination of bismuth (III) has been developed .This method is based on the reaction of bismuth (III) with arsenazo(III) in acid solution (pH=1.9) to form a blue water soluble complex which exhibits maximum absorption at 612nm .Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 2-85 ?g bismuth (III) in a final volume of 20 mL( i.e. 0.1 – 4.25?g.mL-1) with a correlation coefficient of (0.9981) and molar absorptivity 1.9×104 L.mol-1.cm-1 . The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) are 0.0633 and 0.0847 ?g.mL-1 , respectively . Under optimum conditions,the stoichiometry of the reaction between bismuth (III) and arsenazo(III) r

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 25 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
PURIFICATION OF PHYTASE PRODUCED FROM A LOCAL FUNGAL ISOLATE AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN FOOD SYSTEMS
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Nursing Education Scholarship
Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Version of the Incivility in Nursing Education-Revised Scale
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Abstract<sec id="j_ijnes-2019-0074_s_001a_w2aab3b7c96b1b6b1aab1c14b1Aa"><title>Background

Incivility in nursing education can negatively affect the academic achievement. As there is no tool in Arabic to assess incivility among nursing students, there is a need for a valid and reliable tool.

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Incivility in Nursing Education- Revised (INE-R) survey.

Method

Th

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Scopus (9)
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Public Health Research &amp; Development
Comparative Study of Hepcidin and Some Inflammatory Parameters in Pregnant Women at the Three Trimesters
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