In this study, a system of nonthermal plasma that was operated under atmospheric pressure and was powered by argon gas was employed. The particular plasma properties are affected by changes in the Ar gas flow ranges from 0.5 to 2.5 l/min, product by stream of the plasma jet that is utilized. By using the aforementioned method generated from AC and DC. After placing Ar gas as the cathode, which represents the negative pole, flows toward the anode, which is represented by a tiny metal plate of Zn measuring 6 × 1 cm2 in size, with a submerged part of 4 cm2 long, with both types of current employed having a high voltage of 13.5 kV and the frequency of AC was 30 kHz, we measured these variable parameters. It has been shown that when argon f

In this research two algorithms are applied, the first is Fuzzy C Means (FCM) algorithm and the second is hard K means (HKM) algorithm to know which of them is better than the others these two algorithms are applied on a set of data collected  from the Ministry of Planning on the water turbidity of five areas in Baghdad to know which of these areas are less turbid in clear water to see which months during the year are less turbid in clear water in the specified area.

A cap of size  and degree  in a projective space, (briefly; (k,r)-cap) is a set of  points with the property that each line in the space meet it in at most  points. The aim of this research is to extend the size and degree of complete caps and incomplete caps, (k, r)-caps of degree r<12 in the finite projective space of dimension three over the finite field of order eleven, which already exist and founded by the action of subgroups of the general linear group over the finite field of order eleven and degree four, to (k+i,r+1) -complete caps. These caps have been classified by giving the t_i-distribution and -distribution. The Gap programming has been used to execute the designed algorit

   This article includes the preparation of luminescence materials from rare earth (Eu ) ion doping Yttrium Oxide (Y₂O₃) 70% and SiO₂ 25% and study the characteristics of phosphors for ultraviolet to visible conversion. The phosphor materials have been synthesized by two steps: Preparing the powder by solid state method using Y₂O₃, SiO₂ and Eu₂O₃ with doping materials concentration (70%, 25% and 5%) respectively and different calcination temperature (1000, 1200 and 1400 ^oC).

   The second step is to prepare the colloid solution by dispersing the produced powder in a polyvinyl alcohol solution (4%) .

Powde

SnO2 thin films of different two thicknesses were prepared an glass substrate by DC magnetron sputtering. The crystal structure and orientation of the films were investigated by XRD patterns. All the deposited films are polycrystalline. The grain size was calculated as 25.35, 28.8 nm. Morphological and compositions of the films were performed by SEM and EDX analyses respectively. The films appeared compact and rougher surface in nature. The allowed direct band gap was evaluated as 3.85 eV, and other optical constants such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constants were determined from transmittance spectrum in the wavelength range (300-900) nm and also analyzed.
 

The present study aims to evaluate the biosorption of reactive orange dye by using garden grass. Experiments were carried out in a batch reactor to obtain equilibrium and thermodynamic data. Experimental parameters affecting the biosorption process such as pH, shaking time, initial dye concentrations, and temperature were thoroughly examined. The optimum pH for removal was found to be 4. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that the electronegative groups on the surface of garden grass were the major groups responsible for the biosorption process. Four sorption isotherm models were employed to analyze the experimental data of which Temkin and Pyzhey model was found to be most suitable one. The maxim

 Powder of silver nanoparticles was prepared by Sol - Gel method successfully using silver nitrate , (AgNO3) gesture is added to sodium citrate (C6H5O7Na3) as a reducing agent and by using  Magnetic Stirrer to mix the solutions and heated then using centrifuge machine to separate the silver nanoparticles from solution .It is then dried in an oven at a temperature 40oC for 24 hours.     Structure characteristics was studied , the synthetic silver powder was prepared through the use of an (XRD). Results showed the composition of silver nanoparticles is a (fcc) and a constant lattice (4.086 ± 0.006 Ã…) by comparing it with standard tables (JCPDS) which is found perfectly matched to file with a number 04-0783, which

 Indium antimony (InSb) alloy were prepared successfully. The InSb films were prepared by flash thermal evaporation technique on glass and Si p-type substrate at various substrate temperatures (Ts= 423,448,473, and 498 K).       The compounds concentrations for prepared alloy were examined by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The structure of prepared InSb alloy and films deposited at various Ts were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD).It was found that all prepared InSb alloy and films were polycrystalline with (111) preferential direction .       The electrical properties of the films are studied with the varying Ts. It is found that