ABSTRACT Background: One of the challenges to use chlorhexidine is its effect on the amount of microleakage after restoration; however, use of the materials with antibacterial properties after tooth preparation and before restoration has been widespread. The objective of this, in-vitro, study was to evaluate the influence of consepsis (chlorhexidine gloconate disinfectant) application on microleakage in class II cavities restored with light cured composite using universal adhesive system; etch and rinse technique –self etch technique. Materials and Methods: Forty class II cavities were prepared on mesial and distal surfaces of 20 non-carious mandibular third molars. The cavities were divided into four groups; (n =10 for each group). G1: cavities were bonded with (single bond universal adhesive, 3MESPE) after etching with 35% phosphoric acid - etch and rinse technique, without chlorhexidine , G2: chlorhexidine was used after etching with 35% phosphoric acid, then cavities were bonded with (single bond universal adhesive, 3MESPE) - etch and rinse technique . G3: cavities were bonded with (single bond universal adhesive, 3MESPE) - self etch technique, without chlorhexidine, G4: The chlorhexidine was used before bonding. All groups were restored with non – hybrid composite resin (Z 350, 3MESPE). Micrlerackage was evaluated at gingival margin using methylene blue dye penetration method. In each cavity the dye penetration in millimeters was measured by strereomicroscope. Statistical analysis for the data was carried out using one-way ANOVA and LSD test. Results: Group G2 produced the least microleakage which is statistically highly significantly different than the remaining groups. Group G3 produced the highest microleakage which is statistically high significant difference than G1 and G2, but the difference is not significant with group G4. Conclusions: Consepsis can be used as cavity disinfectants when restoring the cavities with single bond universal adhesive as etch and rinse technique. However, its effect seems to be lower when using the single bond universal adhesive as self-etch technique.
This article describes how to predict different types of multiple reflections in pre-track seismic data. The characteristics of multiple reflections can be expressed as a combination of the characteristics of primary reflections. Multiple velocities always come in lower magnitude than the primaries, this is the base for separating them during Normal Move Out correction. The muting procedure is applied in Time-Velocity analysis domain. Semblance plot is used to diagnose multiples availability and judgment for muting dimensions. This processing procedure is used to eliminate internal multiples from real 2D seismic data from southern Iraq in two stages. The first is conventional Normal Move Out correction and velocity auto picking and
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The aim of the current research is to prepare an integrated learning program based on mathematics standards for the next generation of the NYS and to investigate its impact on the development of the teaching performance of middle school mathematics teachers and the future thinking skills of their students. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared a list of mathematics standards for the next generation, which were derived from a list of standards. He also prepared a list of the teaching competencies required for middle school mathematics teachers in light of the list of standards, as well as clarified the foundations of the training program and its objectives and the mathematical
... Show MoreThe health care provided by health institutions and all kinds suffers from many problems, and since the health services provided are related to human life, it is necessary to shed light on this activity and identify the causes of these problems. This research aims to Definition of health institutions (hospitals) Performance audit of these institutions according to the latest indicators, which are the standards of health accreditation for hospitals, specifically the basic standards issued by the Health Care Accreditation Council (HCAC) to reach the level of performance and Knowledge of Constraints that lead to in an acceptable manner consistent with the approved standards. In theoretical and practical study, a number of conclusions were r
... Show MoreThe spherical double pole-piece electron lens i§ depend on some
fact0rs : the- minimum va}ue-of projector fo·cal length (Fp)i:J,Iill • the
maximum value of magnetic flux density (Bm) , the total hal[ width
,(W) o'f asyriunetrical clln'e of magnetic field distribution [because there are differe_nt values of bore diameter (D1) • i. &
... Show MoreIssam al-Din al-Asfrani's footnote
On the interpretation of the oval
Imam
Issam al-Din Ibrahim Arbashah al-Asfrani
(Th 159 e)
Surah Al-Baqarah (verse 55-911)
Comparison is the most common and effective technique for human thinking: the human mind always judges something new based on its comparison with similar things that are already known. Therefore, literary comparisons are always clear and convincing. In our daily lives, we are constantly forced to compare different things in terms of quantity, quality, or other aspects. It is known that comparisons are used in literature in order for speech to be clear and effective, but when these comparisons are used in everyday speech, it is in order to convey the meaning directly and quickly, because many of these expressions used daily are comparisons. In our research, we discussed this comparison as a means of metaphor and expression in Russia
... Show MoreThis work focuses on the preparation of pure nanocrystalline SnO2 and SnO2:Cu thin films on cleaned glass substrates utilizing a sol-gel spin coating and chemical bath deposition (CBD) procedures. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the possible use of these thin films in the context of gas sensor applications. The films underwent annealing in an air environment at a temperature of 500 ◦C for duration of 60 minutes. The thickness of the film that was deposited may be estimated to be around 300 nm. The investigation included an examination of the structural, optical, electrical, and sensing characteristics, which were explored across various preparation circumstances, specifically focusing on varied
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