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Shear bond strength of different lingual buttons bonded to wet and dry enamel surfaces with resin modified glass ionomer cement (in vitro comparative study)
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Background: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of three lingual button (Nickel free / rectangular base, Nickel free / round base and Composite) and bonding environment, wet and dry enamel surface, on: the shear bond strength (SBS) of light and self-cured Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements, and the debonding failure sites. Materials and method: One hundred twenty no-carious, free of cracks maxillary first premolar teeth were selected. Three types of orthodontic lingual buttons were used in this study: Nickel free / rectangular base, Nickel free / round base and Composite buttons. The teeth were divided into two groups of sixty teeth each. One group was used for testing the chemically cured GC Fuji Ortho Resin modified Glass Ionomer (RMGIC), while the other was used for testing the light cured GC Fuji Ortho LC RMGIC. Each was further subdivided into two subgroup; thirty teeth were bonded to wet enamel surface while the other was bonded after drying the enamel surface. Then each ten teeth from each subgroup were bonded with only one type of buttons. The sample was tested for bond strength using the universal testing machine and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was inspected under the stereomicroscope. Results:The highest (SBS) values were obtained in the Nickel free / round base button with both types of RMGIC in wet and dry environment as revealed by ANOVA test. While t-test revealed that both systems of RMGIC yield relatively lower values of (SBS). Conclusions:The GC Fuji Ortho RMGICs resist shear force in dry better that in wet environment.Nickel free / round base buttons give the greatest shear bond strength among the three types of button.The composite buttons give greater bond strength in dry than in wet environment with both GC Fuji Ortho and GC Fuji Ortho LC RMGICs.

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
APR-246 enhances the anticancer effect of doxorubicin against p53-mutant AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells
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سرطان البنكرياس هو مرض ذو معدل وفيات مرتفع، ولا يزال التشخيص المبكر لسرطان البنكرياس يمثل تحديًا. يظل معدل البقاء النسبي لمدة 5 سنوات أقل من 8%، والاستراتيجيات العلاجية غير فعالة في زيادة معدلات بقاء المريض على قيد الحياة. في خلايا سرطان البنكرياس، ارتبطت مقاومة العلاج بالتغيرات الجينية التي تؤدي إلى ظهور مسارات خلوية شاذة؛ ولذلك، هناك ما يبرر ايجاد استراتيجيات جديدة لعلاج هذا المرض. هنا، سعينا لاستكشاف

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Efficient Energy Management for a Proposed Integrated Internet of Things-Electric Smart Meter (2IOT-ESM) System
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In this work, an efficient energy management (EEM) approach is proposed to merge IoT technology to enhance electric smart meters by working together to satisfy the best result of the electricity customer's consumption. This proposed system is called an integrated Internet of things for electrical smart meter (2IOT-ESM) architecture. The electric smart meter (ESM) is the first and most important technique used to measure the active power, current, and energy consumption for the house’s loads. At the same time, the effectiveness of this work includes equipping ESM with an additional storage capacity that ensures that the measurements are not lost in the event of a failure or sudden outage in WiFi network. Then then these

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 26 2019
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
FIRST RECORD OF THE CELLAR SPIDER GENUS NITA HUBER & EL-HENNAWY, 2007 (ARANEAE, PHOLCIDAE) FROM IRAQ
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    The current study presents the cellar spiders genus Nita Huber & El-Hennawy, 2007 (Araneae, Pholcidae) as the first record for Iraq spider fauna, this genus represented by the species Nita elsaff Huber & El-Hennawy, 2007 were identified based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data. A short morphological description is also presented for cellar spiders listed in Iraq; including this species in addition to Artema Atlanta Walckenaer, 1837.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The effect of differentiation strategy on achieve competitive advantage: survey comparison between the companies maintenance service
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Is to obtain competitive advantage legitimate objective pursued by all organizations to achieve, because they live today in environments of rapid change and dynamic in order to meet the demands of the customer changing as well as intense competition between the organizations, which requires them to get the location of competitive markets in order to do this will remain to do the building and strengthening competitive advantage to be able to achieve, but that this feature is not easy and is not only through the identification and use of a successful strategy for a competitive standard and then manage it successfully. Hence the research problem of determining the sources of differentiation strategy and its impact on the dimensions of compe

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 13 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Optics
Solar selective performance of metal nitride/oxynitride based magnetron sputtered thin film coatings: a comprehensive review
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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Colloid Journal
Application of Hydrophilic Lipophilic Difference Theory for Fenofibrate Formulation as a Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System
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Improved oral bioavailability of lipophilic substances can be achieved using self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. However, because the properties of self-emulsifying are greatly influenced by surfactant amount and type, type of oil used, droplet size, charge, cosolvents, and physiological variables, the synthesis of self-emulsifying is highly complex; consequently, only a small number of excipient self-emulsifying formulations has been developed so far for clinical use. This study reports a highly effective procedure for developing self-emulsifying formulations using a novel approach based on the hydrophilic-lipophilic difference theory. Microemulsion characteristics, such as the constituents and amounts of oil and surfactant electrolyte

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology
GEOMETRIC NONLINEAR TIME DOMAIN SPECTRALMATCHING SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF BASE ISOLATED HIGHRISE BUILDINGS INCLUDING P-DELTA EFFECT
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Time-domain spectral matching commonly used to define seismic inputs to dynamic analysis in terms of acceleration time history compatible with a specific target response spectrum is used in this study to investigate the second-order geometric effect of P-delta on the seismic response of base-isolated high-rise buildings. A synthetic time series is generated by adjusting reference time series that consist of available readings from a past earthquake of the 1940 El Centro earthquake adopted as an initial time series. The superstructure of a 20-story base isolated building is represented by a 3-D finite element model using ETABS software. The results of the base isolated building show that base isolation technique significantly reduces inter-s

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 14 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Studies And Researches Of Sport Education
The Effect Of Suggested Exercises On Developing Some Mental Abilities For Children Aged 4-6 Years
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The purpose of the current article lies in determining  the impact of the suggestive  exercises on the development of  the mental capabilities of children. The researchers used the experimental method with a single-group design, which was appropriate for the core of the current article . The study samble  has been specified as children aged 4-6 years in Umm Al-Rabi'een Kindergarten, with a total of 95 children. The study samble  (15 children) was randomly selected.  . After the exercises were completed, the post-tests have been carried out  on the sample  with similar circumstances as that of  pre-tests.  Researchers used statistical methods in the SPSS program. After the results were presented, analyzed, and discussed, The resear

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Efficient Energy Management for a Proposed Integrated Internet of Things-Electric Smart Meter (2IOT-ESM) System
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In this work, an efficient energy management (EEM) approach is proposed to merge IoT technology to enhance electric smart meters by working together to satisfy the best result of the electricity customer's consumption. This proposed system is called an integrated Internet of things for electrical smart meter (2IOT-ESM) architecture. The electric smart meter (ESM) is the first and most important technique used to measure the active power, current, and energy consumption for the house’s loads. At the same time, the effectiveness of this work includes equipping ESM with an additional storage capacity that ensures that the measurements are not lost in the event of a failure or sudden outage in WiFi network. Then then these measurement

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A new approach for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris by clindamycin HCL supported on kalion
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Has been studied both processes Almetzaz and extortion of a substance Alklanda Maysan different amounts of Alcaúlan Guy 70% alcohol solution using the method when the wavelength

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