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Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Serum and Salivary Interleukin-2 Levels in Chronic Periodontitis
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Background: Interleukine-2 is a multifunctional cytokine, considered a central regulator of host resistance against a variety of pathogens and has been recently demonstrated to exert an active role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of scaling and root planning on level of IL-2 in serum and saliva of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, in relation to clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 subjects were enrolled, of which 25 had chronic generalized periodontitis and 25 periodontally healthy subjects as control. The clinical parameters included: gingival index, pocket probing depth, clinical attachment level and bleeding on probing. The level of IL-2 in serum and saliva was estimated by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit at baseline and after 4 weeks of the treatment (scaling and root planning). Results: Mean IL-2 level in serum and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis at baseline(382.15± 96.02 and 501.82± 88.08 ng/L) were significantly higher than in controls (10.98± 3.04 and 20.89 ± 7.16 ng/L; p=0.001) respectively. Post-periodontal therapy, IL-2 levels in serum and saliva increased significantly (534.18 ± 127.70 and 710.87 ± 198.15; P= 0.001.) compared to basal levels, as well as to control group (p< 0.001). Statistically significant positive association was found between salivary IL-2 level and the pocket depth in the chronic periodontitis post therapy (r = 0.45, p= 0.02). Conclusion: Short-term nonsurgical periodontal therapy leads to in a significant improvement in clinical periodontal parameters and a marked increase in IL-2 levels

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 17 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Administration And Economics
Using the Maximum Likelihood Method with a Suggested Weight to Estimate the Effect of Some Pollutants on the Tigris River- City of Kut
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The aim of this research is to use robust technique by trimming, as the analysis of maximum likelihood (ML) often fails in the case of outliers in the studied phenomenon. Where the (MLE) will lose its advantages because of the bad influence caused by the Outliers. In order to address this problem, new statistical methods have been developed so as not to be affected by the outliers. These methods have robustness or resistance. Therefore, maximum trimmed likelihood: (MTL) is a good alternative to achieve more results. Acceptability and analogies, but weights can be used to increase the efficiency of the resulting capacities and to increase the strength of the estimate using the maximum weighted trimmed likelihood (MWTL). In order to perform t

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 28 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Special Exercises According to Specific Areas device On Learning low forehand reverse Of Squash Players Aged 13-15 years old
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The research aims to prepare special exercises according to specific areas in the accuracy of performing the reverse low blow for squash players, and to identify the effect of special exercises according to specific areas in the accuracy of performing the reverse low blow for squash players. To achieve the goal, the researchers used the experimental method by designing the experimental and control groups with pre- and post-tests to suit it with the research problem. The research population was chosen intentionally, and they are junior squash players aged (13-15) years, who number (12 junior players), as the research sample constituted (100%). ) From the research community, they were chosen intentionally because there were no other p

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The effect of using active learning model in the achievement of fourth -grade material in the de partment of physics teaching aids students and the development then critical thinking
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Goal  of  research  is  to  investigate  the  impact  of the  use  of  effective  learning  model in the  collection  of  the  fourth  grade  students/Department of  physics in the material  educational methods  and the  development  of  critical thinking  .to teach  this goal  has  been  formulated  hypothesis cefereeten zero  subsidiary  of the second hypothesis  .To  investigate  the  research  hypothesis  were  selected  sample  of  fourth-grade  students of the  department  of physics at the univers

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 28 2018
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Natural Sciences
Detection of the Main Mycotoxins in Feed of Horses in Al-Zawra'a Park and Study their Effects on Hematological Feature
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Publication Date
Fri Jun 16 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Impact of omega 3 alone or in combination with irinotecan on bone marrow and spleen of rats: in vivo study
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Abstract

Objectives: The present study designed to explore the genotoxicity through measurement of Mitotic index in bone marrow and the spleen cells, as possible mechanism of bone marrow and spleen toxicity that induced by irinotecan; and to describe the protective actions of omega 3 against irinotecan induced genotoxicity in bone marrow and the spleen of rats.

Methods: Twenty four (24) rats (Sprague-Dawley) were randomly divided into four groups: Group Ӏ, rats  received single oral daily dose of distilled water (2 ml/kg) for 25 days (negative control group); Group ӀӀ (irinotecan-treated), receiv

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Inorganica Chimica Acta
Synthesis, characterisation and electrochemistry of eight Fe coordination compounds containing substituted 2-(1-(4-R-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine ligands, R = CH3, OCH3, COOH, F, Cl, CN, H and CF3.
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Eight different Dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-R-phenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-κN3]pyridine-κN})iron(II) compounds, 2–9, have been synthesised and characterised, where group R=CH3 (L2), OCH3 (L3), COOH (L4), F (L5), Cl (L6), CN (L7), H (L8) and CF3 (L9). The single crystal X-ray structure was determined for the L3 which was complemented with Density Functional Theory calculations for all complexes. The structure exhibits a distorted octahedral geometry, with the two triazole ligands coordinated to the iron centre positioned in the equatorial plane and the two chloro atoms in the axial positions. The values of the FeII/III redox couple, observed at ca. −0.3 V versus Fc/ Fc+ for complexes 2–9, varied over a very small potential range of 0.05 V.

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The effect of external environment on the process of decision-making associated with the closing of private industrial firms: The Iraqi experiment, (1976-1985)
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Abstract
The research hypothesizes is that the external Environment
has the responsibility concerning decisions making and behavioral
upon industrial firms. It is, Furthermore, an attempt to review the
problem of closures of private industrial firms in the country, during
the period (1976-1985), i.e. prior to and during the Iraqian- Iranian
war.
The behavioral approach of industrial geography has been
adopted as a theoretical background and the statistical test has
been practiced for the applied purposes.
As result, the research comes out with suggestions,
depending upon previous trials in the field of direction and
formulation of the of the private industrial sector. The chief point
among th

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 07 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
The Effect of Different Types of Separating Medium On Some Physical Properties of Processing Acrylic Denture-base with Two Investment Materials: A comparative Study
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Objective(s): In the present study, glycerin is used as a substitute for tin-foil and cold mold seal (Alginate mould seal)
in the process of curing heat and cold-cure acrylic resin denture base against stone and plaster.
Methodology: 60 specimens were prepared from heat-cure acrylic resin and cold-cure acrylic resin denture base. The
study includes 12 groups of specimens depending on the type of processing, investment material and type of
separating medium that are used in curing process. Each group of them contains 5 specimens for each test.
Some of physical properties of the processed acrylic denture base that (water sorption and solubility) have been
compared with those processed using tin-foil and tin-foil substitut

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Effect of applying the CAMEL model to profitability of banks )An applied study on a number of Iraqi banks for the period 2010-2016(
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The evaluation of banks plays an important role in maintaining the interests of customers with the bank as well as providing continuous supervision and control by the Central Bank. The Central Bank of Iraq conducted an assessment of the Iraqi banks through the implementation of the CAMEL model during a certain period. This evaluation did not continue. The research provides continuity to the Central Bank's assessment and as a step to continue the evaluation process for all banks through the use of the CAMEL model. ROA and ROE by using the regression model for four Iraqi banks registered in the Iraqi market for securities during the period 2010-2016. The results showed that the capital and profitability indicators have a significan

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Revista Iberoamericana De PsicologÍa Del Ejercicio Y El Deporte
THE EFFECT OF TRAINING NETWORK TRAINING IN TWO WAYS, HIGH INTERVAL TRAINING AND REPETITION TO DEVELOP SPEED ENDURANCE ADAPT HEART RATE AND ACHIEVE 5000 METERS YOUTH
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