Three new polyphosphates were synthesized in good yields by reacting diethylenetriamine with the appropriate phosphate ester in ethanol under acidic conditions. The polyphosphate structures were determined using FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopies, and their elemental compositions were confirmed by EDX spectroscopy. Polyphosphates were added to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) at low concentrations to fabricate thin films. The PVC films were irradiated with ultraviolet light for long periods, and the effect of polyphosphates as the photostabilizer was investigated by determining changes in the infrared spectra (intensity of specific functional group peaks), reduction in molecular weight, weight loss, and surface morphology. Minimal changes were seen for PVC films containing polyphosphate compared to that for the blank film. In addition, optical, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopies were used to inspect the surface morphology of films. Undesirable changes due to photodegradation were negligible in PVC films containing additives compared to films containing no additives. In addition, the surfaces were smoother and more homogeneous. Polyphosphates, and in particular ones that contain an ortho-geometry, act as efficient photostabilizers to reduce the rate of photodegradation. Polyphosphates absorb ultraviolet light, chelate with polymeric chains, scavenge radical moieties, and decompose peroxide residues.
The aim of the research is to evaluate the response of the researched leaders towards practicing the concept of the lens, which is its dimensions with (stakeholders, resource mobilization, knowledge development, culture management) and the nature of its relationship to tax pioneer performance represented in its dimensions (strategic direction, leadership indicators, growth, renewal and modernization, efficiency, Effectiveness) The questionnaire was approved as a main tool in collecting data and information from the sample members in the General Authority of Taxes, which number (91) Who are on (M. General Manager, Division Director, Deputy Director, Senior Division Director, Deputy Director, Second Division, Division Officer, M. D
... Show Moreتعد الرماية واحدة من الألعاب التي يقاس مستوى الانجاز فيها بالأرقام إذ ارتفعت الأرقام المسجلة بالنسبة لسلاح المسدس الهوائي حتى وصلت عند بعض الأبطال العالميين إلى الانجاز النهائي ، وقد لجأ المدربون إلى مختلف الطرق التدريبية, وان ضعف الثبات والتركيز هما اللذان يقودان إلى هبوط مستوى الانجاز في الرماية ، ولتحقيق التركيز والثبات المطلوبين أثناء الرمي يجب التدريب على مطاولة حمل السلاح التي تعد من أصعب تدريبات الر
... Show Morein this paper the notion of threshold relations by using resemblance relation are introduced to get a similarity relation from a resemnblance relation R
In this paper, certain types of regularity of topological spaces have been highlighted, which fall within the study of generalizations of separation axioms. One of the important axioms of separation is what is called regularity, and the spaces that have this property are not few, and the most important of these spaces are Euclidean spaces. Therefore, limiting this important concept to topology is within a narrow framework, which necessitates the use of generalized open sets to obtain more good characteristics and preserve the properties achieved in general topology. Perhaps the reader will realize through the research that our generalization preserved most of the characteristics, the most important of which is the hereditary property. Two t
... Show MoreIt is shown that if a subset of a topological space (χ, τ) is δ-semi.closed, then it is semi.closed. By use this fact, we introduce the concept regularity of a topological space (χ, τ) via δ-semi.open sets. Many properties and results were investigated and studied. In addition we study some maps that preserve the δ-semi.regularity of spaces.
The concept of epiform modules is a dual of the notion of monoform modules. In this work we give some properties of this class of modules. Also, we give conditions under which every hollow (copolyform) module is epiform.
The aim of this research is to study some types of fibrewise fuzzy topological spaces. The six major goals are explored in this thesis. The very first goal, introduce and study the notions types of fibrewise topological spaces, namely fibrewise fuzzy j-topological spaces, Also, we introduce the concepts of fibrewise j-closed fuzzy topological spaces, fibrewise j-open fuzzy topological spaces, fibrewise locally sliceable fuzzy j-topological spaces and fibrewise locally sectionable fuzzy j-topological spaces. Furthermore, we state and prove several Theorems concerning these concepts, where j={δ,θ,α,p,s,b,β} The second goal is to introduce weak and strong forms of fibrewise fuzzy ω-topological spaces, namely the fibrewise fuz
... Show More<p class="0abstract">The rapidly growing 3D content exchange over the internet makes securing 3D content became a very important issue. The solution for this issue is to encrypting data of 3D content, which included two main parts texture map and 3D models. The standard encryption methods such as AES and DES are not a suitable solution for 3D applications due to the structure of 3D content, which must maintain dimensionality and spatial stability. So, these problems are overcome by using chaotic maps in cryptography, which provide confusion and diffusion by providing uncorrelated numbers and randomness. Various works have been applied in the field of 3D content-encryption based on the chaotic system. This survey will attempt t
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