Background: Hepatitis C and B is common disease all over the world and their chronicity is a social and medical problem so medical treatment by alpha interferon can change the mortality and morbidity.
Object: Identify the incidence of the side effects of pegylated interferon alpha in a sample of Iraqi patients with chronic hepatitis B&C and their relation to age, gender, duration of treatment and type of hepatitis comparing them with the literatures from other countries.
Patients and methods:A descriptive case series study was conducted on 50 patients, 24 male and 26 female, with established diagnosis of hepatitis B(20 patients)and C(30 patients) who attend Baghdad Teaching hospital and Gastroenterology and Hepatology centre in Baghdad between the period of January 2009 and October 2010 with follow up over at least 3 months.
A direct interview with detailed history and thorough clinical examination with some simple laboratory investigation were done to determine any of the documented side effects of alpha interferon therapy or discover new side effects not elicited in the studies done on other populations.
Results: Flu-like illness is the most common side effect (84%), followed by fatigue, anorexia, local reaction and neuropsychiatric side effects while Neutropenia, lymphopenia and thyroiditis are rare.
There is no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between age groups with the exception of constipation which occurs more in younger age group. Arthralgia, palpitation, eczema, itching and rash increase in incidence with prolonged duration of treatment.
There is no significant difference in incidence of side effects between both genders apart from hypertension (more in female) and dizziness (more in male).
There is no significant difference in incidence of side effects between patients with hepatitis B&C but anemia occurs more in patients with hepatitis C and tremor reported more in patients with hepatitis B.
Conclusion: Almost all patients on treatment with interferon-based regimen will experience adverse events that can threaten good adherence. Flu-like illness is the most common side effect (84%), followed by fatigue, anorexia, local reaction and neuropsychiatric side effects (depression, nervousness, insomnia).
The higher incidence of anemia in patients with hepatitis C is mostly due to concomitant ribavirin therapy.
Age, gender, type of hepatitis and duration of treatment can affect the incidence of interferon therapy.
The present study included the microscopic and molecular identification of Entamoeba histolytica by using specific primers to detect four virulence factors possessed by Entamoeba histolytica. Virulence factors included Active Cysteine proteinase, Galactose/N-acetyl-D-galactose-lectin, Amoeba pore C and Phospholipase. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) were synthesized from Pseudomonas aeruginosa which producing Pyocyanin pigment as a reducing agent to form it. After that we studied the ability ofTiO2NPs to inhibit virulence factors production and curing the genes responsible for encoding them by using four different dose 2 ,3, 4, 6 mg/Kg and administered by intraperitoneal injection
... Show MoreIn this work, some of new 2-benzylidenehydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives have been prepared by condensation of thiosemicarbazide and different substituted aromatic benzaldehydes in presence of glacial acetic acid to give compounds (1-6), these compounds have characterized by its physical properties and spectroscopic methods. This work also included theoretical study to prove the ability of these compounds as corrosion inhibitors; The program package of Gaussian 09W with its graphical user interface GaussView 5.0 had used for this purpose; the methods of Density Functional Theory (DFT) with basis set of 6-311G (d,p) / hybrid function of B3LYP and semiempirical method of PM3 have been used, the study included theoretical simulation
... Show MoreSeveral amine liquid selective electrodes were prepared based on
two active materials, phenol sulfonic acid and l ,2-dihydroxy-3,5- disulfonic acid disodium salt with several plasticizers, di-n-butyl phthalate(ORPH), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and a-nitro phenyl octyl ether (NPOE). Electrode parameters were studied including, concentration range, detection limit, slope, life time, response time and
... Show More3D seismic reflection study was applied to Abu Amood oil field which is located at the southern part of Iraq within DhiQar province that carried out by oil Exploration Company to an area of 1534.88 Km2 for studying Nahr Umr Formation. Synthetic seismogram was prepared by using available data of well (AAM-1) in order to define and picking the reflectors on the seismic section. These reflectors are (Top of Nahr Umr Formation and middle unit of Nahr Umr Formation which represents the layer of sand). The seismic section time slice maps confirmed that the Nahr Umr Formation was not affected by faults and the faults may probably present in the Ratawai and Yamama Formations, where the variance attribute applied on seismic sections showed that t
... Show MoreIn this work, some of new 2-benzylidenehydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives
have been prepared by condensation of thiosemicarbazide and different substituted
aromatic benzaldehydes in presence of glacial acetic acid to give compounds (1-6),
these compounds have characterized by its physical properties and spectroscopic
methods. This work also included theoretical study to prove the ability of these
compounds as corrosion inhibitors; The program package of Gaussian 09W with its
graphical user interface GaussView 5.0 had used for this purpose; the methods of
Density Functional Theory (DFT) with basis set of 6-311G (d,p) / hybrid function of
B3LYP and semiempirical method of PM3 have been used, the study included
t
Background: The long term survival of dental implants is evaluated by the amount of crestal bone loss around the implants. Some initial loss of bone around dental implants is generally expected. There is reason to believe that reflecting a mucoperiosteal flap promotes crestal bone loss in the initial phase after an implant has been inserted. The surgical placement of a dental implant fixture is constantly changing and in recent years, there has been some interest in developing techniques that minimize the invasive nature of the procedure, with flapless implant surgery being advocated. The purpose of this study was to compare the radiographic level of the peri- implant bone after implant placement between traditional flapped surgery and f
... Show MoreBackground: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a lymphoproliferative disease caused primarily by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The initial viral infection by EBV occurs in B lymphocytes and is followed by an extensive proliferation of T lymphocytes. Previous studies on immunity to EBV (including IM) have mainly focused on activation of peripheral blood T cells, which are responsible for the lymphocytosis in blood during acute IM.
Patients and Methods: Indirect immunofluorescence technique analysis was performed to detect the percentage of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD56 positive lymphocytes.
Results: Our results on the phenotype of T cells in samples from patients with infectious mononucleosis sh
That achieve a level of excellence for the quality of university education cannot be achieved only by uniting the efforts of all employees at the university and active participation by students and by alumni and the labor market and society, however we can say that the administrative and academic university staff play an active role and the largest in achieving equivalent quality of higher education, It should unite the efforts of all employees in the educational institution in order to achieve quality education. It is the concept of quality of education, quality assurance and overall management of the quality of the basic pillars on which it is based university education. That highlight the need fo
... Show More