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Transatrial approach for total tetralogy of Fallot TOF correction: analysis of 24 cases.
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Background: Tetralogy of Fallot TOF is the most common cause of congenital cyanotic heart disease. It is the most common congenital lesion that is likely to result in survival to adulthood and encountered in adult after repair. Tetralogy of Fallot comprises around 7.5 % of all congenital heart diseases in Iraq.
Objective: The aim of this study is to analyse the transatrial strategy for total correction of tetralogy of Fallot TOF.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was done during the period between 2012-2014 for twenty-four patients that admitted to Ibn Al-Bitar hospital in Baghdad with amenable TOF pathology for transatrial repair.
Results: Twenty-four patients, 16 were males and 8 were females. Ages ranged from 2-31 years. There was no early or late postoperative mortality in this review for follow-up period ranged from 6 – 24 months. The early and late postoperative echocardiography data in regard to pulmonary and tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricle RV function were delineated. Normal pulmonary valve (62.5%, 58.3%), mild pulmonary regurgitation (29.2%, 37.5%), moderate pulmonary regurgitation (8.3%, 4.2%). Normal tricuspid valve (75%, 70.8%), mild tricuspid regurgitation (20.8%, 20.8%), moderate tricuspid regurgitation (4.2%, 8.3%) respectively. No severe pulmonary or tricuspid regurgitation was reported. Postoperative RV function was normal in (87.5%, 83.3%), mild RV dysfunction in (8.3%, 12.5%), moderate RV dysfunction in (4.2%, 4.2%) respectively. No severe RV dysfunction was reported. The mean RVOT pressure gradient was 36.8 mmHg. This gradient decreased on follow-up echocardiography, mean 24.5 mmHg. P values were less than 0.05%.
Conclusion: The transatrial approach is a feasible technique for total repair of TOF in adequate pulmonary annulus size with satisfactory late postoperative echocardiography performance.

الخلفية:ان رباعية فالوت هي اكثر اسباب مرض ازرقاق الدم الولادي شيوعآ. وهو اكثر تشوهات القلب الخلقية التي تستمر في الحياة الى البلوغ، وتصادف عند البالغين بعد عمليات التصليح. ويشكل تشوه رباعية فالوت حوالي ٧.٥٪ من امراض القلب الخلقية في العراق.  

الهدف:ان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو اجراء تحليل لطريقة عبر الاذين في عملية التصليح الكامل لرباعية فالوت.

الطرائق. هي دراسة مستعرضة تمت للفترة من ٢٠١٢ ولغاية ٢٠١٤. تم دراسة ٢٤ طفل ادخلوا في مستشفى ابن البيطار في بغداد، كان لديهم تشوه يسمح بالتداخل عبر الاذين.

النتائج٢٤ حالة، ١٨ ذكور و ٨ اناث. الاعمار تتراوح من ٢ ـ٣١ سنة. لم تسجل حالة موت بدائية او متقدمة في الدراسة الحالية ولمدة متابعة ٦ الى ٢٤ شهرا. معدل وقت دوران ماكنة القلب الصناعية كان ١٢٧ دقيقة. ومعدل غلق الشريان الابهر كان ١٠٣ دقيقة. ان مشاهدات فحص الامواج الصائتة القلبية مبكرا و متأخرا بعد العملية كان كما يلي، صمام رئوي طبيعي ٦٢.٥٪ و ٥٨.٣٪ ، تهدل الصمام الرئوي البسيط ٢٩.٢٪ و ٣٧.٥٪، تهدل الصمام الرئوي المعتدل ٨.٣٪ و٤.٢٪. صمام ثلاثي طبيعي ٧٥٪ و ٧٠.٨٪، تهدل الصمام الثلاثي البسيط ٢٠.٨٪ و ٢٠.٨٪، تهدل الصمام الثلاثي المعتدل ٤.٢٪ و ٨.٣٪. لاتوجد حالة تهدل صمام رئوي او ثلاثي شديد. كانت فعالية البطين الايمن الطبيعية ٨٧.٥٪ و ٨٣.٣٪، بسيطة الاعتلال ٨.٣٪ و ١٢.٥٪ معتدلة الاعتلال٤.٢٪ و ٤.٢٪، ولم تسجل شديدة الاعتلال. ان معدل نسب فرق الضغط عبر منفذ البطين الايمن كان ٣٦.٨ ملم زئبق. ان هذا الفرق يتضائل مع امتداد الفترة الزمنية، معدل ٢٤.٥ ملم زئبق. قيم معامل p كانت اقل من  ٠.٠٥ ٪.

الاستنتاج: ان طريقة عبر الاذين هي الية ممكنة في الاصلاح الكامل لرباعية فالوت بوجود حجم حلقة رئوية كافي مع اداء مرضي لفحص الامواج الصائتة القلبية المتأخر.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 23 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Emerging Technologies In Learning (ijet)
A Training Program According to Interactive Teaching Strategies and its Impact on Achievement and Creative Problem Solving for Fourth-Grade Preparatory Students in Chemistry
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The aim of the research is to know the effect of a training program based on interactive teaching strategies on achievement and creative problem solving among fourth-grade students in chemistry of the directorate of education Rusafa first, the sample was divided into two groups, one experimental and numbering (29) students and the other control group numbering (30) students. The experimental group underwent the training program in the first semester of the year (2021-2022) and the control one studied according to the usual method. Two tools were built, the first being an academic achievement test consisting of (40) multiple-choice items, and the second a test of creative problem-solving skills in a chemistry subject and consisting o

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 01 2024
Journal Name
Process Safety And Environmental Protection
Optimized ensemble deep random vector functional link with nature inspired algorithm and boruta feature selection: Multi-site intelligent model for air quality index forecasting
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 05 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of Secondary Metabolite Crude of Metarhizum anisopliea Fungus on the Second Larval Stage of the Housefly Musca domestica
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         The house flies Musca domestica )Diptera:musidae) are the primary carrier of many pathogens such as cholera, typhoid, anthrax, and others. The use of chemical pesticides as a basic method of control leads to many problems at the environmental and health level. The use of safe alternatives to chemical pesticides has become an urgent necessity. The research aims to find biological alternatives that are environment-friendly and non-pathogenic to humans in controlling house flies through the possibility of extracting and diagnosing some secondary metabolites produced by the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and testing their effects on the second larval stage of house flies using different treatment methods that include

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2018
Journal Name
Journal Inspector General
Some examples of police errors - a comparative study of the scope of civil liability between American and Iraqi laws
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Police play an important role in any society. Where they maintain public order by stopping and deterring crime and bringing criminals to justice. In order to achieve these objectives, they have certain means of law (search, arrest, use of force that may be lethal in some cases). However, such means may be misused in a way that harms members of society such as (Exceeding the Scope of a search warrant, violation of privacy of individuals, False Imprisonment, Excessive use of force, Sudden Deaths in custody, Sexual Assault and Harassment, Failure to respond for Domestic violence calls), which raises the civil liability of police officers and their agencies for such damage. Police officers may even abuse their characteristics even outside offic

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
مجلة بحوث
The role of university in promoting the culture of volunteering among students (Mustansiriya University Model)
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Abstract The aim of this study is to identify the role played by the university in reinforcing the culture of voluntary work in college students and sequencing these roles according to their priority. To achieve this aim, the researcher used the descriptive approach. After being informed of the literature background and of the previous studies related to the core aim of this recent study, the researcher has built up a questionnaire of (20) items investigating the role of university in reinforcing the culture of voluntary work in the college students. The standardized features of the questionnaire have been checked for the purpose of the questionnaire validity (virtual and constructive validity) and stability (reconstruction and Cronbach's A

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Audit Committees on Corporate Governance Effectiveness of Iraqi Special Banks (Filed Study)
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Consistent with developments emerging environmental and canaccept by Iraq of the opportunities and challenges ahead in many fields,including economic areas, it requires the face of those developments andadaptation by adopting a lot of related concepts, including the concept ofcorporate governance and commitment to its principles, standards andmechanisms, especially those related to the formation of audit committeesand identify the tasks and duties entrusted to its members and terms oftheir independence as well as the rehabilitation of both scientific andpractical manner that is consistent with the interests of shareholders andother stakeholders in the companies, including banks, research sample, theresearch aims to shed light on the conc

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Effects of high and low dose of cadmium chloride on male Reproductive system in mice
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Background: Cadmium is highly toxic and carcinogenic environmental contaminant exposure to cadmium has been reported to reduce male fertility and there are several hypotheses that suggest how reduced male fertility may result from incorporation of cadmium. The purpose of this study was to determined the role of testicular ascorbic acid level in cadmium mediated oxidative damage on mice testis.
Objectives:To know the extent of toxicity of cadmium chloride and its adverse effects on male reproductive system in mice .
Methods:Fifteen adult albino male mice were divided into three groups, group one control and two experimental groups (low dose and high dose ).the experimental groups were injected with sing

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Organizational Loyalty according to Transformational Leadership of the Headmasters of Middle Schools in Wasit Governorate
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The main aim of this research is to: 1) identify the Transformational Leadership of the Managers of higher School in ALkut district and its relationship with organizational Loyalty. 2) Clarify the relationship between Transformational Leadership and organizational Loyalty. Regarding the research methodology, the researcher used the descriptive method because it meets this research. The two research tools were a questionnaire and the statistical program (spss). The results revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between Transformational Leadership and organizational Loyalty, which means that when the managers have a Transformational Leadership leads to having organizational loyalty.

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Effectiveness of sports television programs in the development of sports culture among youth: field study
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The aim of the research is to determine the extent to which young people watch television sports programs and the impact of viewing on the level of sports culture among young people and the impact of demographic variables on youth over the viewing of sports programs, The study was conducted on a sample of (200) male and female students from the faculties of the University of Baghdad, where a questionnaire form composed of several axes and questions was prepared to measure the effectiveness of sports programs in youth culture, The statistical program used spss to empty data and extract results by frequency, percentages, correlations, The research reached several results, the most important of which is that there is a strong influence of s

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 09 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
The Effect of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome on the Physical Status of Women in Reproductive Age
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Objectives: To Assess the Effect of Physical Status of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome on Women in Reproductive Age,
To Find out the Relationship Between Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Women's Physical Health (Acne , Hirsutism ,
Weight Gain , Irregular Menstrual Period),&To Identify the Association of Physical Status to polycystic ovarian
syndrome and Some Socio Demographic Characteristic (Age ,Occupation & Obesity ), and Reproductive
Characteristic(Gravida ,Para ,Abortion &Menstrual Regularity).
Methodology :a descriptive analytical study was conduct on Non-probability (purposive sample) of (100)women who
suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome in reproductive age in infertility counseling from three hospit

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