Background: All though the most common etiology of lumbar radiculopathy is herniated disc or spinal stenosis, however there are several intraspinal or extra spinal pathogenic processes that may cause lumbar radiculopathy.
Objective: To assess how often, and review the pathologies that cause non discogenic lumbar radiculopathy.
Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 600 patients who had lumbar radiculopathy. During one year period we examined 600 patients in outpatient clinic with presumed diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation.Through history and comprehensive physical and neurological examination were performed for all patients. Diagnostic test were done including laboratory, electrophysiological and radiological assessments. in this study Patients with non discogenic lumbar radiculopathy, were refereed patients to other specialist to deal with cases.
Results: There were 104 patients (17%) with non discogenic lumbar radiculopathy out of 600 patients presented with lumbar radiculopathy. There were peripheral neuropathy in 28.8%, peripheral vascular diseases in 19.25%, osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis of hip joint in 19.25%, extra spinal tumors in 14.5% of patients ,osteodiscitis in 11.5%, entrapment neuropathy in 6.5% of the patients.
Conclusions:The most common causes of lumbar radiculopathy are herniated disc but there are 17% with non discogenic lumbar radiculopathy with broad list of pathologies.
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The spread of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has resulted in chaos around the globe. The infected cases are still increasing, with many countries still showing a trend of growing daily cases. To forecast the trend of active cases, a mathematical model, namely the SIR model was used, to visualize the spread of COVID-19. For this article, the forecast of the spread of the virus in Malaysia has been made, assuming that all Malaysian will eventually be susceptible. With no vaccine and antiviral drug currently developed, the visualization of how the peak of infection (namely flattening the curve) can be reduced to minimize the effect of COVID-19 disease. For Malaysians, let’s ensure to follow the rules and obey the SOP to lower the
Since 1990 internal combustion engines and variable systems has been considered as emission. Noise can be defined as undesirable sound, and in high levels it can be considered ahealth hazard. Large internal combustion engines produce high levels of noise. In many countries there are laws restricting the noise levels in large engine rooms and fixed applications. Locomotives engines have the minimum emission influence because of noise control techniques capability.
In this paper study on a single cylinder internal combustion engine was conducted. The engine works by adding ethanol to gasoline, at variable speeds, without adding ethanol, and with adding 10 and 20% ethanol in volumetric ratio. Using one sound insulator or two or with
... Show MoreThe existence of contractual responsibility, together with civil liability, provoked a profound disagreement in jurisprudence that amounted to a claim to renounce the traditional division between the two responsibilities, and to adhere to uniform rules governing civil liability provisions. These calls have increased and culminated in the writings of the scholar Philip Remy, who explicitly called to the abolition of contractual responsibility, therefore, this research is an attempt to review the modern doctrinal views that denied the existence of contractual responsibility as an independent system Beside civil liability, and to demonstrate the validity to benefit from them in the development of our legislative systems and God conciliator.
... Show MoreThe Accounting Disclosure for non-current intangible assets is necessary to rely on accounting information by decision makers in the economic unity, two international accounting standards issued (IAS16,36), which aims to provide the foundations of the recognition, measurement and disclosure of appropriate assets Non-current tangible. (IAS16) allowed to use re-evaluation approach to measure assets entrance due to the inadequacy of the accounting information resulting from the application of the historical cost of the entrance under increasing technical developments and continuing that leave clear their effects on non-current intangible assets, As well as the requirements of what came (IAS36) the importance of accounting for the impairment
... Show MoreThis work has been carried out to develop national drug product contains 2.5mg/ml clonazepam as oral drop; it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in infants and children.
Several formulations were prepared using oral drop base, flavor, buffer, sweeteners and preservatives. Selection of best formula relied solely on physic-chemical testing of samples.
Stability study was conducted on the product for six months at different temperatures to determine the expiration date and the best storage conditions.
From the study we obtained an oral drop of good clear solution. The expiry date calculated to be not less than 2 years.
Background: The spine is rarely affected by Hydatid cyst with incidence of (1%) of all cases. Despite
advances in imaging as well as surgical and medical treatment, spine Hydatid cyst (H.C) is associated
with high degree of morbidity, disability, and mortality.
Objective: To assess the clinical presentation, imaging of spine H.C. & the outcome of surgical
management regarding neurological recovery, recurrence and mortality.
Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study of the 25 patients of spine Hydatid cyst during
five years period (Jan.2010 to Jan.2015), where diagnosed and treated at medical city. All patients
after proper clinical assessment, imaging and laboratory tests had underwent posterior decompr
Background: Despite the recently improved neonatal intensive management, gastrointestinal perforation during the neonatal period is still a major challenge for pediatric surgeons.
Objective: To review the effects of different clinical and operative parameters on the mortality of neonatal intestinal perforations.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was done to 31 cases of neonatal intestinal perforation at the neonatal intensive care unit of Basrah children speciality hospital during the past four and half years (July 2011 to December 2015). Information regarding the age, sex, gestational age, birth weight, clinical examination, x-rays value in diagnosis, causes and sites of perforations, types of operative procedures, and t